在现代Web应用开发中,文件存储是一个常见需求。阿里云的对象存储服务(OSS)提供了一种高效、安全的文件存储解决方案。本文将介绍如何在SpringBoot项目中集成阿里云OSS,实现文件的上传和访问。
在Maven包管理下添加对应的OSS坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
<version>${aliyun.sdk.oss}</version>
</dependency>
在项目的yml配置文件中添加阿里云OSS的相关配置项。
#本地配置
alioss:
endpoint: oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
access-key-id: your-access-key-id
access-key-secret: your-access-key-secret
bucket-name: your-bucket-name
或者在全局配置中引用环境变量:
#全局配置
test:
#本项目默认名称为test
alioss:
endpoint: ${sky.alioss.endpoint}
access-key-id: ${sky.alioss.access-key-id}
access-key-secret: ${sky.alioss.access-key-secret}
bucket-name: ${sky.alioss.bucket-name}
为了方便在代码中使用yml中的配置,我们需要创建一个配置类,将yml中的配置项导入到Spring的上下文中。
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "test.alioss")
//导入了yml配置文件的属性
@Data
public class AliOssProperties {
private String endpoint;
private String accessKeyId;
private String accessKeySecret;
private String bucketName;
}
接下来,我们创建一个工具类,封装文件上传到OSS的逻辑。
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
public class AliOssUtil {
private String endpoint;
private String accessKeyId;
private String accessKeySecret;
private String bucketName;
/**
文件上传
@param bytes
@param objectName
@return
*/
public String upload(byte[] bytes, String objectName) {
// 创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
try {
// 创建PutObject请求。
ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ “but was rejected with an error response for some reason.”);
System.out.println(“Error Message:” + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println(“Error Code:” + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println(“Request ID:” + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println(“Host ID:” + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ “such as not being able to access the network.”);
System.out.println(“Error Message:” + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
//文件访问路径规则
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(“https://”);
stringBuilder
.append(bucketName)
.append(“.”)
.append(endpoint)
.append(“/”)
.append(objectName);
log.info(“文件上传到:{}”, stringBuilder.toString());
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
}
五、写上传接口:
我们编写一个RESTful接口用于文件上传,并调用工具类进行文件上传操作。
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin/common")
@Api(tags = "通用接口")
@Slf4j
public class CommonController {
@Autowired
private AliOssUtil aliOssUtil;
/**
* 文件上传
* @param file
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("/upload")
@ApiOperation("文件上传")
public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file){
log.info("文件上传:{}",file);
try {
//原始文件名
String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
//截取原始文件名的后缀 dfdfdf.png
String extension = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
//构造新文件名称
String objectName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extension;
//文件的请求路径
String filePath = aliOssUtil.upload(file.getBytes(), objectName);
return Result.success(filePath);
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("文件上传失败:{}", e);
}
return Result.error(MessageConstant.UPLOAD_FAILED);
}
}
以上步骤完成后,SpringBoot项目就集成了阿里云OSS文件存储功能。通过这些配置和代码,我们可以方便地将文件上传到阿里云OSS,并生成可访问的URL,供前端使用。
}
return Result.error(MessageConstant.UPLOAD_FAILED);
}
}
以上步骤完成后,SpringBoot项目就集成了阿里云OSS文件存储功能。通过这些配置和代码,我们可以方便地将文件上传到阿里云OSS,并生成可访问的URL,供前端使用。