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python贪吃蛇代码-Python编写简单的贪吃蛇核心代码

2024-11-04 来源:个人技术集锦

时间:2018-11-14

概述:贪吃蛇

Python贪吃蛇完整代码,代码注释比较多,可学习一下Python编写游戏的一些基本技巧,代码分享如下:

#coding=utf-8

import curses

import threading

import random

#import msvcrt

#from curses import textpad

#!!!addch(y,x,ch)

stdscr = curses.initscr() #初始化curses,返回屏幕对象

curses.noecho() #如果在终端上打字,在终端输入一个a就会显示一个a,如果不要这样的效果,就设置noecho

curses.cbreak() #为了按下按键就直接响应为不必再按下enter,就输入模式设置成cbreak,而不是缓冲模式

stdscr.keypad(True) #我们输入过程中有很多特别的键位,比如上下左右,如果我们需要特殊处理这些键位,则可以调用keypad(True),这样当我们按下键盘左键,将会返回一个类似KEY_LEFT的特殊值

gameX = 1 #坐标原点y

gameY = 1 #坐标原点x

gameHeight = 20 #游戏高度

gameWidth = 20 #游戏宽度

gameSpeed = 0.08 #游戏速度

blockSize = 2 #游戏单元像素格

isGameOver = False #判断是否游戏结束,True(结束)

gameScore = 0 #游戏得分

scorePos = [gameHeight // 2, int(gameWidth * 1.5)] #得分位置

KEY_QUIT = ord("a") #离开键

mutex_Key = True #按键互斥锁,当有多个按键按下时,只处理当前的按键,其余舍弃

"""

蛇类

"""

class Snake(object):

def __init__(self, direction):

#蛇身

self.body = [[gameWidth // 2, y] for y in range (

gameWidth // 2 - 2, gameWidth // 2 + 3)]

#蛇头方向

self.direction = direction

"""

食物类

"""

class Food(object):

def __init__(self):

self.pos = [gameX,gameY]

def get_Food(self, snake):

while True:

flag = 1

x = random.randint(gameX, gameWidth - 1 * blockSize)

y = random.randint(gameY, gameWidth - 1 * blockSize)

for i in snake.body:

if x == i[0] and y == i[1]:

flag = 0

break

if flag:

break

self.pos = [x,y]

"""

上、下、左、右函数

"""

up = lambda x:[x[0] - 1, x[1]]

down = lambda x:[x[0] + 1, x[1]]

left = lambda x:[x[0], x[1] - 1]

right = lambda x:[x[0], x[1] + 1]

"""

字典move,用于实现switch case

"""

move = {curses.KEY_UP: up,

curses.KEY_LEFT: left,

curses.KEY_DOWN: down,

curses.KEY_RIGHT: right,

ord("k"): up,

ord("h"): left,

ord("j"): down,

ord("l"): right

}

"""

相反方向.传入一个方向,返回其相反的方向

"""

opposite = {curses.KEY_UP: curses.KEY_DOWN,

curses.KEY_DOWN: curses.KEY_UP,

curses.KEY_LEFT: curses.KEY_RIGHT,

curses.KEY_RIGHT: curses.KEY_LEFT,

ord("k"): ord("j"),

ord("j"): ord("k"),

ord("h"): ord("l"),

ord("l"): ord("h")

}

"""

游戏边框

"""

def Init_Frame():

for i in range(0, gameHeight + 1):

stdscr.addch(0, i * blockSize, "#")

stdscr.addch(i, 0, "#")

stdscr.addch(i , gameWidth * blockSize, "#")

stdscr.addch(gameHeight , i * blockSize,"#")

"""

初始化蛇身

"""

def Init_Snake(self):

Draw_Snake(self.body[0], "@")

for i in self.body[1:]:

Draw_Snake(i, "*")

"""

画蛇结点(!一个结点)

"""

Draw_Snake = lambda point,ch: stdscr.addch(point[0], point[1] * blockSize, ch)

"""

显示得分

"""

Disp_Score = lambda point,str: stdscr.addstr(point[0], point[1] * blockSize, str, curses.A_REVERSE)

"""

移动后的新蛇结点

"""

def New_Snake(self):

for i in range(-len(self.body) + 1, 0)[::-1]:

self.body[i] = self.body[i - 1]

"""

判断蛇头是否接触到食物

"""

def IsTouch(snakePos, foodPos):

if snakePos == foodPos:

return True

return False

"""

判断是否到游戏结束的状态

"""

def IsOver(snake, newPos):

if newPos[0] < gameX or newPos[1] < gameY:

return True

elif newPos[0] > gameWidth - gameX or newPos[1] > gameHeight - gameY:

return True

for i in snake.body[3:]:

if i == newPos:

return True

return False

"""

自动移动

"""

def Auto_Move(snake, f):

#使用闭包保存蛇对象snake,食物对象food

def _Auto_Move():

nonlocal snake

nonlocal f

global gameScore #引用全局变量

global isGameOver #引用全局变量

global mutex_Key #引用全局变量

if not snake.direction == KEY_QUIT:

if IsOver(snake, move[snake.direction](snake.body[0])):

isGameOver = True

return

if IsTouch(move[snake.direction](snake.body[0]), f.pos):

#如果蛇头接触到食物

snake.body.insert(0,f.pos)

f.get_Food(snake)

Draw_Snake(f.pos, "%")

gameScore += 1

Disp_Score(scorePos, str(gameScore))

else:

Draw_Snake(snake.body[-1], " ") #消除旧蛇尾

New_Snake(snake) #得到新的蛇结点(除了头结点)

snake.body[0] = move[snake.direction](snake.body[0]) #得到新的头结点

Draw_Snake(snake.body[1], "*") #将前头结点用蛇身标志覆盖"*"

Draw_Snake(snake.body[0], "@") #画出新头结点

stdscr.refresh()

mutex_Key = True

timer = threading.Timer(gameSpeed, _Auto_Move)

timer.start()

return _Auto_Move

"""

退出时恢复控制台原有设置

"""

def EndWin():

curses.nocbreak()

stdscr.keypad(False)

curses.echo()

curses.endwin()

"""

main入口

"""

def main():

Init_Frame()

s = Snake(curses.KEY_UP)

Init_Snake(s)

f = Food()

f.get_Food(s)

Draw_Snake(f.pos,"%")

stdscr.addstr(gameHeight // 2 - blockSize, int(gameWidth * 1.5) * blockSize - blockSize, "score")

Disp_Score(scorePos, str(gameScore))

f = Auto_Move(s, f)

f()

global mutex_Key #引用全局变量

while True:

#if msvcrt.kbhit(): #判断是否有按键按下

stdscr.nodelay(1) #设置nodelay,为1时,使得控制台可以以非阻塞的方式接受控制台的输入,超时1秒 没什么用

if isGameOver:

EndWin()

return

ch = stdscr.getch() #返回ASCII码(int)

if ch == KEY_QUIT:#curses.KEY_F1:

s.direction = KEY_QUIT

EndWin()

return

if s.direction == ch:

continue

try:

opposite[ch]

except KeyError:

continue

else:

if s.direction == opposite[ch]:

continue

try:

move[ch]

except KeyError:

continue

else:

if mutex_Key:

s.direction = ch

mutex_Key = False

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

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