最近在开发时需要实现头像更换功能，这里就要用到拍照和相册选取功能了。但是在安卓7.0的手机上遇到无法打开相机的问题。下面就针对7.0做了一些处理优化。
1，原因分析
升级到7.0后对权限又做了一个更新即不允许出现以file://的形式调用隐式APP，需要用共享文件的形式：content:// URI
2，解决方案
下面是打开系统相机的方法，做了android各个版本的兼容:
public void takePhoto() {
File imgFile = new File(imgPath);
if (!imgFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
imgFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
Uri imgUri = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) {
// 从文件中创建uri
imgUri = Uri.fromFile(imgFile);
} else {
//兼容android7.0 使用共享文件的形式
ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1);
contentValues.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, imgFile.getAbsolutePath());
imgUri = mActivity.getApplication().getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues);
}
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imgUri);
mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_TAKE_PHOTO);
}1，适配7.0拍照
2，相册选取图片
3，可以设置是否进行裁剪
4，通过glide实时显示选中的图片
5，如果用户拒绝了权限，可以给提示框进到用户跳到权限设置页
下面是效果图
下面贴出主要实现代码
public class LQRPhotoSelectUtils {
public static final int REQ_TAKE_PHOTO = 10001;
public static final int REQ_SELECT_PHOTO = 10002;
public static final int REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO = 10003;
private Activity mActivity;
//拍照或剪切后图片的存放位置(参考file_provider_paths.xml中的路径)
private String imgPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg";
//FileProvider的主机名：一般是包名+".fileprovider"，严格上是build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId对应的值+".fileprovider"
private String AUTHORITIES = "packageName" + ".fileprovider";
private boolean mShouldCrop = false;//是否要裁剪（默认不裁剪）
private Uri mOutputUri = null;
private File mInputFile;
private File mOutputFile = null;
//剪裁图片宽高比
private int mAspectX = 1;
private int mAspectY = 1;
//剪裁图片大小
private int mOutputX = 800;
private int mOutputY = 480;
PhotoSelectListener mListener;
/**
* 可指定是否在拍照或从图库选取照片后进行裁剪
* <p>
* 默认裁剪比例1:1，宽度为800，高度为480
*
* @param activity 上下文
* @param listener 选取图片监听
* @param shouldCrop 是否裁剪
*/
public LQRPhotoSelectUtils(Activity activity, PhotoSelectListener listener, boolean shouldCrop) {
mActivity = activity;
mListener = listener;
mShouldCrop = shouldCrop;
AUTHORITIES = activity.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider";
imgPath = generateImgePath();
}
/**
* 可以拍照或从图库选取照片后裁剪的比例及宽高
*
* @param activity 上下文
* @param listener 选取图片监听
* @param aspectX 图片裁剪时的宽度比例
* @param aspectY 图片裁剪时的高度比例
* @param outputX 图片裁剪后的宽度
* @param outputY 图片裁剪后的高度
*/
public LQRPhotoSelectUtils(Activity activity, PhotoSelectListener listener, int aspectX, int aspectY, int outputX, int outputY) {
this(activity, listener, true);
mAspectX = aspectX;
mAspectY = aspectY;
mOutputX = outputX;
mOutputY = outputY;
}
/**
* 设置FileProvider的主机名：一般是包名+".fileprovider"，严格上是build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId对应的值+".fileprovider"
* <p>
* 该工具默认是应用的包名+".fileprovider"，如项目build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId不是包名，则必须调用此方法对FileProvider的主机名进行设置，否则Android7.0以上使用异常
*
* @param authorities FileProvider的主机名
*/
public void setAuthorities(String authorities) {
this.AUTHORITIES = authorities;
}
/**
* 修改图片的存储路径（默认的图片存储路径是SD卡上 Android/data/应用包名/时间戳.jpg）
*
* @param imgPath 图片的存储路径（包括文件名和后缀）
*/
public void setImgPath(String imgPath) {
this.imgPath = imgPath;
}
/**
* 拍照获取
*/
public void takePhoto() {
File imgFile = new File(imgPath);
if (!imgFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
imgFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
Uri imgUri = null;
// if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {//这里用这种传统的方法无法调起相机
// imgUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(mActivity, AUTHORITIES, imgFile);
// } else {
// imgUri = Uri.fromFile(imgFile);
// }
/*
* 1.现象
在项目中调用相机拍照和录像的时候，android4.x,Android5.x,Android6.x均没有问题,在Android7.x下面直接闪退
2.原因分析
Android升级到7.0后对权限又做了一个更新即不允许出现以file://的形式调用隐式APP，需要用共享文件的形式：content:// URI
3.解决方案
下面是打开系统相机的方法，做了android各个版本的兼容:
* */
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) {
// 从文件中创建uri
imgUri = Uri.fromFile(imgFile);
} else {
//兼容android7.0 使用共享文件的形式
ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1);
contentValues.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, imgFile.getAbsolutePath());
imgUri = mActivity.getApplication().getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues);
}
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imgUri);
mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_TAKE_PHOTO);
}
/**
* 从图库获取
*/
public void selectPhoto() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);
intent.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_SELECT_PHOTO);
}
private void zoomPhoto(File inputFile, File outputFile) {
File parentFile = outputFile.getParentFile();
if (!parentFile.exists()) {
parentFile.mkdirs();
}
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
intent.setDataAndType(getImageContentUri(mActivity, inputFile), "image/*");
} else {
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(inputFile), "image/*");
}
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
//设置剪裁图片宽高比
intent.putExtra("mAspectX", mAspectX);
intent.putExtra("mAspectY", mAspectY);
//设置剪裁图片大小
intent.putExtra("mOutputX", mOutputX);
intent.putExtra("mOutputY", mOutputY);
// 是否返回uri
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(outputFile));
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO);
}
public void attachToActivityForResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
switch (requestCode) {
case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO://拍照
mInputFile = new File(imgPath);
if (mShouldCrop) {//裁剪
mOutputFile = new File(generateImgePath());
mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mOutputFile);
zoomPhoto(mInputFile, mOutputFile);
} else {//不裁剪
mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mInputFile);
if (mListener != null) {
mListener.onFinish(mInputFile, mOutputUri);
}
}
break;
case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_SELECT_PHOTO://图库
if (data != null) {
Uri sourceUri = data.getData();
String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
Cursor cursor = mActivity.managedQuery(sourceUri, proj, null, null, null);
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
cursor.moveToFirst();
String imgPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
mInputFile = new File(imgPath);
if (mShouldCrop) {//裁剪
mOutputFile = new File(generateImgePath());
mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mOutputFile);
zoomPhoto(mInputFile, mOutputFile);
} else {//不裁剪
mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mInputFile);
if (mListener != null) {
mListener.onFinish(mInputFile, mOutputUri);
}
}
}
break;
case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO://裁剪
if (data != null) {
if (mOutputUri != null) {
//删除拍照的临时照片
File tmpFile = new File(imgPath);
if (tmpFile.exists())
tmpFile.delete();
if (mListener != null) {
mListener.onFinish(mOutputFile, mOutputUri);
}
}
}
break;
}
}
}
/**
* 安卓7.0裁剪根据文件路径获取uri
*/
private Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, File imageFile) {
String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(
MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},
MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",
new String[]{filePath}, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor
.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));
Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");
return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);
} else {
if (imageFile.exists()) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);
return context.getContentResolver().insert(
MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
/**
* 产生图片的路径，带文件夹和文件名，文件名为当前毫秒数
*/
private String generateImgePath() {
return getExternalStoragePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg";
// return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg";//测试用
}
/**
* 获取SD下的应用目录
*/
private String getExternalStoragePath() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath());
sb.append(File.separator);
String ROOT_DIR = "Android/data/" + mActivity.getPackageName();
sb.append(ROOT_DIR);
sb.append(File.separator);
return sb.toString();
}
public interface PhotoSelectListener {
void onFinish(File outputFile, Uri outputUri);
}
}
package com.takephoto_android70;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.bumptech.glide.Glide;
import java.io.File;
import kr.co.namee.permissiongen.PermissionFail;
import kr.co.namee.permissiongen.PermissionGen;
import kr.co.namee.permissiongen.PermissionSuccess;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button mBtnTakePhoto;
private Button mBtnSelectPhoto;
private TextView mTvPath;
private TextView mTvUri;
private LQRPhotoSelectUtils mLqrPhotoSelectUtils;
private ImageView mIvPic;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mBtnTakePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnTakePhoto);
mBtnSelectPhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSelectPhoto);
mTvPath = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvPath);
mTvUri = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvUri);
mIvPic = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.ivPic);
init();
initListener();
}
private void init() {
// 1、创建LQRPhotoSelectUtils（一个Activity对应一个LQRPhotoSelectUtils）
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils = new LQRPhotoSelectUtils(this, new LQRPhotoSelectUtils.PhotoSelectListener() {
@Override
public void onFinish(File outputFile, Uri outputUri) {
// 4、当拍照或从图库选取图片成功后回调
mTvPath.setText(outputFile.getAbsolutePath());
mTvUri.setText(outputUri.toString());
Glide.with(MainActivity.this).load(outputUri).into(mIvPic);
}
}, false);//true裁剪，false不裁剪
// mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.setAuthorities("com.lqr.lqrnativepicselect.fileprovider");
// mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.setImgPath(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg");
}
private void initListener() {
mBtnTakePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 3、调用拍照方法
PermissionGen.with(MainActivity.this)
.addRequestCode(LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO)
.permissions(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.CAMERA
).request();
}
});
mBtnSelectPhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 3、调用从图库选取图片方法
PermissionGen.needPermission(MainActivity.this,
LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_SELECT_PHOTO,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}
);
}
});
}
@PermissionSuccess(requestCode = LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO)
private void takePhoto() {
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.takePhoto();
}
@PermissionSuccess(requestCode = LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_SELECT_PHOTO)
private void selectPhoto() {
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.selectPhoto();
}
@PermissionFail(requestCode = LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO)
private void showTip1() {
// Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "不给我权限是吧，那就别玩了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
showDialog();
}
@PermissionFail(requestCode = LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_SELECT_PHOTO)
private void showTip2() {
// Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "不给我权限是吧，那就别玩了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
showDialog();
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
PermissionGen.onRequestPermissionsResult(this, requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
// 2、在Activity中的onActivityResult()方法里与LQRPhotoSelectUtils关联
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.attachToActivityForResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
public void showDialog() {
//创建对话框创建器
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
//设置对话框显示小图标
builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert);
//设置标题
builder.setTitle("权限申请");
//设置正文
builder.setMessage("在设置-应用-虎嗅-权限 中开启相机、存储权限，才能正常使用拍照或图片选择功能");
//添加确定按钮点击事件
builder.setPositiveButton("去设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {//点击完确定后，触发这个事件
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
//这里用来跳到手机设置页，方便用户开启权限
Intent intent = new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_WRITE_SETTINGS);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + MainActivity.this.getPackageName()));
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
//添加取消按钮点击事件
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
}
});
//使用构建器创建出对话框对象
AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();//显示对话框
}
}
布局文件：
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnTakePhoto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="拍照"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnSelectPhoto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="从图库中选取"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="图片路径："/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tvPath"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="图片Uri："/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tvUri"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/ivPic"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest package="com.takephoto_android70"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>