html5制作新增的定时器requestAnimationFrame实战进度条
2020-11-27
来源：个人技术集锦
优势与特点：
1)requestAnimationFrame会把每一帧中的所有DOM操作集中起来，在一次重绘或回流中就完成，并且重绘或回流的时间间隔紧紧跟随浏览器的刷新频率
2)在隐藏或不可见的元素中，requestAnimationFrame将不会进行重绘或回流，这当然就意味着更少的CPU、GPU和内存使用量
3)requestAnimationFrame是由浏览器专门为动画提供的API，在运行时浏览器会自动优化方法的调用，并且如果页面不是激活状态下的话，动画会自动暂停，有效节省了CPU开销
一句话就是：这玩意性能高，不会卡屏，根据不同的浏览器自动调整帧率。如果看不懂或者不理解，也没有什么关系，这玩意跟浏览器渲染原理有关。我们先学会使用它！
如何使用requestAnimationFrame？
使用方式跟定时器setTimeout差不多，不同之处在于，他不需要设置时间间隔参数
var timer = requestAnimationFrame( function(){
console.log( '定时器代码' );
} );参数是一个回调函数，返回值是一个整数，用来表示定时器的编号.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var aInput = document.querySelectorAll( "input" ),
timer = null;
aInput[0].onclick = function(){
timer = requestAnimationFrame( function say(){
console.log( 1 );
timer = requestAnimationFrame( say );
} );
};
aInput[1].onclick = function(){
cancelAnimationFrame( timer );
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="开启">
<input type="button" value="关闭">
</body>
</html>cancelAnimationFrame用来关闭定时器
这个方法需要处理兼容：
简单的兼容：
window.requestAnimFrame = (function(){
return window.requestAnimationFrame ||
window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.mozRequestAnimationFrame ||
function( callback ){
window.setTimeout(callback, 1000 / 60);
};
})();如果浏览器都不认识AnimationFrame，就用setTimeout兼容.
运用3种不同的定时器（setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame）实现一个进度条的加载
一、setInterval方式：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
p{
width:0px;
height:40px;
border-radius:20px;
background:#09f;
text-align:center;
font:bold 30px/40px '微软雅黑';
color:white;
}
</style>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),
oBox = document.querySelector( "p" ),
timer = null, curWidth = 0,
getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){
if( obj.currentStyle ) {
return obj.currentStyle[name];
}else {
return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];
}
};
oBtn.onclick = function(){
clearInterval( timer );
oBox.style.width = '0';
timer = setInterval( function(){
curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );
if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {
oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';
oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';
}else {
clearInterval( timer );
}
}, 1000 / 60 );
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>0%</p>
<p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p>
</body>
</html>
二、setTimeout方式
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),
oBox = document.querySelector( "p" ),
timer = null, curWidth = 0,
getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){
if( obj.currentStyle ) {
return obj.currentStyle[name];
}else {
return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];
}
};
oBtn.onclick = function(){
clearTimeout( timer );
oBox.style.width = '0';
timer = setTimeout( function go(){
curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );
if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {
oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';
oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';
timer = setTimeout( go, 1000 / 60 );
}else {
clearInterval( timer );
}
}, 1000 / 60 );
}
}
</script>三、requestAnimationFrame方式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
p{
width:0px;
height:40px;
border-radius:20px;
background:#09f;
text-align:center;
font:bold 30px/40px '微软雅黑';
color:white;
}
</style>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),
oBox = document.querySelector( "p" ),
timer = null, curWidth = 0,
getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){
if( obj.currentStyle ) {
return obj.currentStyle[name];
}else {
return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];
}
};
oBtn.onclick = function(){
cancelAnimationFrame( timer );
oBox.style.width = '0';
timer = requestAnimationFrame( function go(){
curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );
if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {
oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';
oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';
timer = requestAnimationFrame( go );
}else {
cancelAnimationFrame( timer );
}
} );
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>0%</p>
<p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p>
</body>
</html> 显示全文