精锐教育1对3辅导讲义
学员姓名： 学科教师： 年 级： 辅导科目： 授课日期 主 题 时 间 1、巩固复习各类重点语法（情态动词、连词、祈使句、现在完成时以及形容词和副词学习目标 比较级） 2、熟练运用这些语法。 教学内容 处理上次课课后巩固作业及预习思考内容。 1. 上次课后巩固练习 2. 预习思考 教学建议： 1、根据上节课预习思考的要求，让学生分享一些富有正能量的故事； 2、老师引导学生表达出从各自的故事中学到道理，从而鼓励学生调整好心态。 3、老师给予学生适当的信心和鼓励。 教学建议： 由于此部分是学过的知识点，建议老师采取优先选择的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提问。老师在过程中进行补充和总结。 1 / 14
语法回顾及梳理 【知识梳理1】情态动词：must／mustn't… （1）must / mustn’t 必须／不允许，表示义务和禁止，后面需跟动词原形 [友情提示]must和have to的区别: must表示说话人的主观思想，have to表示客观需要。 【例题精讲】 例1.We must keep quiet in the library. 例2.We mustn’t chase each other in the classroom. 【巩固练习】 1.我们必须努力学习。 2.我们禁止在图书馆大声说话。 Keys： We must study hard. We mustn’t talk loudly in the library. （2）表坚定的建议；当表示禁止或要求不做某事时我们还可以用Don’t十动词原形 【例题精讲】 例1.We mustn't smoke in public. = Don’t smoke in public. 不准在公共场所吸烟。 【巩固练习】 1.We mustn’t talk loudly in the library. Keys：Don’t talk loudly in the library. （3）疑问句的构成为情态动词must提到主语前面 【例题精讲】 例1. -Must I finish the homework now? -Yes, you must. ／No, you needn't. 【巩固练习】 1.---我们必须今天把书带给你吗？ ---是的，你必须/不，你不必。 2. You ___ hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow. A. needn't B. may not C. can't D. must not Keys: ---Must I bring books to you today? ---Yes, you must/No, you needn’t/A （4）表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。 【例题精讲】 例1. He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。 [友情提示]must和may的区别: may暗含的可能性较小，must暗含的可能性较大。 例2. My father may be in the company. 我爸爸可能在公司。 例3. My father must be in the company. 我爸爸一定是在公司。 2 / 14
【巩固练习】 1.他一定在房间里，因为房间灯是亮的。 2. He began to write one hours ago. He ___ have finished the article now. A. must B. ought C. may D. had to Keys: He must be in the room because the light is on in his room./C 【知识梳理2】情态动词：shall、would、may （1）shall的用法 ①shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。 【例题精讲】 例1. What shall we do this evening? 例2. It’s raining. Where shall we go? 【巩固练习】 1.我们可以一起回家好吗？ Keys:Shall we go home together? ②shall用于第一人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 【例题精讲】 例1. Shall we go to school? 我们可以去上学吗？ 例2. Shall I go to the supermarket with you, Mum? 妈妈，我可以和你一起去超市吗？ [友情提示] 含有shall的一般疑问句，表示询问对方的意图或愿望。提问Shall I…？问句时不能使用答语：Yes, I shall.或者：No，I shall not.可以回答为：Yes, please.（好的，请。）；No，thanks.(不，谢谢。); OK, let's..（好的，让我们……） 【巩固练习】 1. ---Shall we have a picnic in Century Park? ---________________________________ Keys:OK, let’s go. (2)may的用法 ①表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。 【例题精讲】 例1. You may take the book home. 例2. May I come in, Mrs. Li? [友情提示] 回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法： -May I smoke here? -Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。 -Yes, please. 是的，请。 -No, you can't. 不，你不能。 -No, you mustn't. 不，你一定不要。 3 / 14
-No, you'd better not. 不，你最好不要。 【巩固练习】 1.我可以现在走吗? Keys: May I go now? ②表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句。 【例题精讲】 例1.You may be right. 你可能是对的。 例2. The rain may stop this afternoon. 雨也许今天下午会停。 [友情提示] 在口语中can可以代替may表示许可，但can较随便，may更正式。 【巩固练习】 1.约翰，我可以使用你的自行车吗？ 2.我能看下你的护照（license）吗？ Keys： Can I use your bike, John? May I have a look at your license, sir? (3) would的用法 ①表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。 【例题精讲】 例1.Would you pass me the book? 例2. Would you give me a hand? 【巩固练习】 1.你借我一把伞吗？ Keys：Would you lend me an umbrella? ②表示意志、愿望和决心。 【例题精讲】 例1. They asked if we would do that again. 他们问是否我们愿意再做一次。 例2. I would go there if I have enough time. 如果找有足够的时间我将去那里。 【巩固练习】 1.如果我有足够的钱，我就会买一辆新车。 Keys: If I had enough money, I would buy a new car. 【知识梳理3】 连词：because because为连词，意思是“因为”，常用来回答“why”提问的原因，后接句子;其相关的介词短语为because of，后接名词或动名词，表示“因为；由于……”， 4 / 14
【例题精讲】 例1. I don't like swimming because it’s dangerous. 例2. I did it because Helen told me to. 例3.They are here because of us. 【巩固练习】 1.因为我生病了，所以不去上学了。 2.因为他受受伤的腿，他走的很慢。 Keys: 1. I didn’t go to school because I was ill. 2.He walks slowly because of his bad leg. 【知识梳理4】imperatives祈使句 祈使句的含义：表示请求、命令或劝告等的句子叫祈使句。它通常省略主语( you)，根据语气的强弱，句末使用感叹号(!)或句号(．)，句子朗读用降调。 祈使句有肯定式和否定式两种： (1) 肯定式祈使句。它直接用动词（包括及物动词和不及物动词）原形作为句子的开头。 【例题精讲】 例1.Be careful next time. 下次细心点。 例2.Stop speaking! Listen to me, please!别说了！请听我说！ 【巩固练习】 1. 请照看好您的包。 2. 请不要大声喧哗。 3. 请认真听我说。 Keys：Please look after your bag./Please don’t be noisy./Please listen to me carefully. (2) 否定祈使句。直接在谓语动词前加don't，即“Don't十肯定式祈使句”即可。表示不要做某事，后面接动词原形。 【例题精讲】 例1. Don’t walk on the grass. 不要在草地上走。 例2. Don’t talk loudly in the library不要在图书馆大声说话。 例3. Don’ t turn left! 禁止左转弯！ 【巩固练习】 1.不要迟到。 2. 别在阳光下看书。 3. 不要担心,一切都会好起来的。 Keys:Don’t be late. /Don’t read in the sun./Don’t worry, everything will be fine. 【知识梳理5】present perfect tense 现在完成时 (1)现在完成时的构成是：have(has)+过去分词，表示继续、完了、结果和经验等四种意思。 5 / 14
①现在完成时的肯定句：主语（第一、二人称单、复数 ，第三人称复数） +have+过去分词…… 主语（第三人称单数）+has+过去分词…… ②现在完成时的否定句：句型：主语+have/has+ not十过去分词……； have not的缩略形式为haven't, has not的缩略形式为hasn't。 ③现在完成时的疑问句： 一般疑问句句型：Have/Has十主语+过去分词……？ 特殊疑问句的句型：特殊疑问句+have/has+主语+过去分词……？ 【例题精讲】 例1. I have been in China for a long time. 例2.Amy has bought some fried chicken wings. 例3. The Harry Potter books____C____pretty popular since they were published. A. become B. will become C. have become D. are becoming（2010上海） 【巩固练习】 1.My brother ____ in the League for about five years. A. have been B. has been C. was D. is 2. He ____ a famous writer. A. turns B. become C. has become D. has turned Keys：B/C (2)现在完成时的用法： ①结束，结果： 表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。这一类情况又分为下述两种情况： a. 表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just, now, already, yet, not等连用。 b. 表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着，一般不用时间状语。 【例题精讲】 例1. I have just got to bus-stop.我刚刚到公共汽车站。 例2.The rain has stopped yet.雨已经停了。 例3. I have been in Shanghai.我一直住在上海。 例4. I have passed the exam.我已经通过了考试。 【巩固练习】 1. He ____ a famous writer. A. turns B. become C. has become D. has turned Keys：C ②继续 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还能继续下去的动作或状态。往往和表示一般时间的状语连用。如today, this week(month)等。 ③经验: 表示从过去到现在之间曾经历过的事情。常和often, never等连用。例如： 【例题精讲】 例1. He has bought a house.他已经买了房子。 例2. I have been in the army for two years.我已在部队呆了两年。 6 / 14
例3. I have never been sad. 【巩固练习】 1.He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D.still 2.Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying Keys：B/C 【知识梳理6】prepositions 介词：in，at in，at主要为表示方位、空间的介词。 at:在某地点（表示比较狭窄的场所）， in:在某地（表示较宽敞的场所） 【例题精讲】 例1.at fruit stall在水果摊 at home在家 at fish stall在鱼摊 at a factory在一家工厂 例2. in the supermarket在超市 in China在中国 in fruit section在水果区 in New York在纽约 【巩固练习】 1. What would you like lunch today? A. in B. at C. for D. from 2.The famous actor often plays with his children______ the park. A. about B. in C. at D. with Keys：C/B 【知识梳理7】prepositions 介词：in，at 形容词与副词表示比较的基本句型 (1)原级常用“as+adj./adv.（原级）+as”结构， 否定则用：“not as ...as…’’或“not so ...as…”表示。 【例题精讲】 例1. He is as healthy as I. 他和我一样健康。 例2.This bag is not as heavy as that one. 这个书包不如那个重。 例3.He does his homework as carefully as I. 他做作业和我一样仔细。 【巩固练习】 1.他不如我高。 2.我打篮球和一样好。 3.This book is____ that one, but____ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive Keys:He is not so/as tall as I./I play basketball as well as he./C (2) 比较级常用：adj. /adv. （比较级）+than…结构 (3) less+adj /adv.（原级）+than…表示“…不如…”， 7 / 14
【例题精讲】 例1.The red ball is not as good as the blue ball. 例2.Your diet is healthier than mine. 例3.Your diet is less healthy than mine. 【巩固练习】 1.Mobile phones are very popular nowdays and they are_______ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest Keys:B （此部分测试时间为15分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测） 教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为： 1) 在10分钟内学员独立完成测试； 2) 老师给出答案，学员相互批改； 3) 在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂； 4) 老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准） I. Choose the best answer. 1. My uncle is a cook. He likes _________. A. cooking B. cook B. a little B. are…are B. mine C. cooks C. some C. is...are C. me B. nice...good...delicious D. well...nice…delicious C. less healthy D. unhealthy C. at...on...in C. well C. bitter 8 / 14 D. cooker D. a lot D. are...is D. my 2. Shall I have _________ strawberries? A. any A. is...is 3. Look! Here _________ Kitty's shopping bag. There _________ many different things in it. 4. Peter and Alice sometimes go swimming with _________. A. I 5. A good dish must look _________, smell _________ and taste _________. A. nicely...good...delicious C. well...delicious...nicely A. healthier B. more healthy B. at...on...in B. better B. spicy 6. Fat and sugar are _________ than fresh fruit and vegetables. 7. We have roles _________ home, _________ the classroom and _________ the road. A. in...at...on A. best A. nice D. a...in...on D. good D. salty 8. Which do you like _________, chicken, fish or meat? 9. The coffee tastes. I don't like it. 10. My grandfather needs _________ bread. A. two piece of B. a piece B. reached C. two pieces C. arrived C. What a nice cake C. about...for C. There's...It's C. book D. a piece of D. got D. What a bottle of juice D. about...to D. It's...It's D. pyramid 11. Yesterday Mr. Brown _________ in Beijing at 7:15 p.m. A. got to 12. _________ would your brother like to eat? A. What kind of food B. What kind of drink A. to...of A. It's…There's A. list B. of…for B. Today's...It's B. menu 13. They are talking _________ the program _________ their Open Day. 14. _________hot and sunny. _________ no wind. What a good place for a picnic! 15. Look at the food _________. It shows how much of each kind of food we need every day. Keys:ACCCB; CDACD;CACAB III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1. What a _________day it is! Let's go out for a walk. (sun) 2. He went into the reading room _________. (quiet) 3. She's always _________ to others. (friend) 4. He looks fat and often feels tired. He has eaten too much _________ food. (health) 5. Old people ate raw food and then they began to eat _________ food. (cook) 6. He _________ the left room on the second floor in that building. (entrance) Keys:sunny;quietly;friendly;unhealthy;cooked; entered IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 1. He has already learned English for three years.（对划线部分提问） _________ _________ has he learned English? 2. He did something fox his neighbours.（改为否定句） He _________ _________ for his neighbours. 3. It takes Simon half an hour to go to work.（保持句意基本不变） It takes Simon _________ _________ to go to work. 4. Do you wash your hands before you eat? （保持句意基本不变） Do you wash your hands _________ _________? Keys:How long;didn’t do;thirty minutes;before eating “我的总结”包含2个方面： 1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结； 2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。 （以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾） 9 / 14
我的总结: 【知识梳理1】情态动词：must／mustn't… （1）must / mustn’t 必须／不允许，表示义务和禁止，后面需跟动词原形 ( 2 )表坚定的建议；当表示禁止或要求不做某事时我们还可以用Don’t十动词原形 ( 3 )疑问句的构成为情态动词must提到主语前面 ( 4 )表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。 【知识梳理2】情态动词：shall、would、may ( 1 )shall的用法 ①shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。 ②shall用于第一人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 【知识梳理3】 连词：because 【知识梳理4】imperatives祈使句 祈使句的含义：表示请求、命令或劝告等的句子叫祈使句。它通常省略主语( you)，根据语气的强弱，句末使用感叹号(!)或句号(．)，句子朗读用降调。 【知识梳理5】present perfect tense 现在完成时 【知识梳理6】prepositions 介词：in，at in，at主要为表示方位、空间的介词。 at:在某地点（表示比较狭窄的场所）， in:在某地（表示较宽敞的场所） 教学建议： 1. 规定学生在35分钟内完成； 2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记； 3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生； 10 / 14
4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充； 5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。 I.语法易错题 ● 名词单复数 1.Kitty and her classmates took some ___________ on Open Day. (photo) 2.Mum bought two ________ from the market this morning. (tomato) 3. In the past there were many _________ (ferry) on Huangpu River. 4. Brushing the before going to bed is a good habit. （tooth） 5. I see a few _________ when I am walking to school. （factory） 6. Most of my _________ have QQ space. (classmate) Keys：photos;tomatoes;ferries;teeth;factories;classmates ● 基数词 - 序数词 1.The ________ girl from the left is my sister. (four) 2. Our class teacher lives on the _________ (nine) floor 3. Our class teacher’s office is on the floor. （one） 4. Our classroom is on the _______ floor. （one） Keys:fourth;ninth;first;first ● 形容词比较级 ★ 原级比较 （as...as） 1.Your bad diet is as ___________ as mine. We must change ours in order to keep fit. (healthy) Keys:unhealthy ★ 比较级 1. Tom's English is ________ than Mike's. (good) 2. I am very hungry. Only this cake is not enough for me. I need one （many） 3. You are very fit. I’m sure your diet is ____________ than my diet. （healthy） 4. John's diet is much _________ than Mary's. (healthy) Keys:better;more;healthier;healthier ★ 时态 1. He __________ (not do) his homework last night. But he ___________ (study) hard before. 2. __________ (not talk) with each other loudly in class. The teacher __________ (give) a lesson . 3. Our Chinese teacher __________ (not have) lunch at school. 4. __________ you __________ (have) a potluck party next Monday? Keys:didn’t do;has studied/Don’t talk;is giving/doesn’t have/Will;have ★ 借和还的互换 （lend sb sth/lend sth to sb; borrow sb sth/borrow sth from sb) 1. Can you lend me some English books? (保持原句意思) May I __________ a few English books __________ you? Keys:borrow; from 11 / 14
● 对划线部分提问 ★ 对时间段提问 （how long） 1. It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. (对划线部分提问) ___________ ___________ does it take you to do your homework every day? 2. It takes us about two hours to fly to Guangzhou. （划线部分提问） _________ _________ does it take you to fly to Guangzhou? Keys:How long;How long ★ 对时间频度提问 1. Tom goes fishing with his father every other week.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________does Tom go fishing with his father? ★ 对地点状语提问 （where） 1. They have been to Shanghai Museum. (对划线部分提问) ___________ ___________ they been? 2. She bought the pineapples at the fruit stall.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she buy the pineapples? 3. We must use the lift on the left. （划线提问） ______ _____ must we use? Keys:Where have;Where did;Which lift ★ 对数量提问 （可数名词用\"how many\不可数名词用“how much”） 1.We need plenty of fruit every day. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ fruit do you need? 2.. There are five bedrooms in Lucy's flat.（对划线部分提问) _________ _________ bedrooms are there in Lucy's flat? 3. All the story books are 56 yuan. （对划线部分提问） _________ _________ are all the story books? Keys:How much;How many;How much ★ 对目的和原因提问用“why” 59. At school we have rules to keep us safe.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you have rules at school? 57. I like reading in the reading room because it’s quiet there. （划线部分提问） you like reading in the reading room? 60. Tom likes oranges because they are sweet.（对划线部分提问） _________ _________. Tom like oranges? Keys:Why do;Why do;Why does ★对名词提问用”what“ 56. I’d like some flowers for our Christmas party. （划线部分提问） 12 / 14
you like for our Christmas party? 58. I would like to be a doctor in the future. （划线部分提问） _________ _________ you like to be in the future? Keys: what would;What would II. Cloze test (A) Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage People in office in Japan often have a bento（便当） 1 noon. They do not eat a 2 in a restaurant, they eat a bento in the office. They have usually got a 3 for the bentos in the office and they telephone a bento shop with their orders. The people at the bento shop make the bentos and 4 them to all the offices at about 11:50 a.m. Bentos usually have a piece of fish or meat (pork or beef) in one section, some rice in another section, some noodles with vegetables 5 a piece of fish in another section, and some sauce or vegetables in another section. Sometimes they have a cup of soup, 6 . Now people can see bento shops almost everywhere all over the world. 1. A. in 2. A. lunch 3. A. menu 4. A. take 5. A. with 6. A. also Keys:DCDABC (B) Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words A young man, who was very good at music, stopped one day in a (l)b___________ town. He saw an empty chair. (2)S___________ he sat down and then started to play some music. A large number of people came to listen to him play. But the young man liked to play old and difficult music. The people couldn't understand the music and so they didn't like it very much. They (3)s___________ left. But there was one old man, who (4)s___________ and listened. The young man (5)f___________ his piece and then said to the man. \"Sir, you like my music. You must be a very clever man.\" \"Well,\" answered the man, \"I don't understand your music and I wanted to go home a long time (6)a___________. But you were sitting on my chair and I cannot go home without it.\" keys: beautiful so soon stayed finished ago (C) Can animals be made to work for us ? Some scientists think that one day animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs .They say that in a film or on TV we may see elephants , monkeys ,dogs ,bears ,or other animals doing a lot of things .If you w________ carefully , you may find that those animals are given s________ to eat in return for 13 / 14
B. on B. brunch B. diet B. buy B. or B. finally C. of C. meal C. information board C. cook C. on C. too D. at D. food D. list D. eat D. with D. next doing them . The scientists say that many d________ animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they will get something to eat . Of course, as we know , dogs can be used to guard a house ,and elephants can be used to do some heavy j________ . And we can also teach animals to work in f________. Apes, for example have been used in America to help make cars and scientists b________ that these monkeys may one day get in crops and e________ drive trains . KEYS: watch , something different , jobs , factories , believe , even . (D) Do you have a pet? Are you i________ in taking care of animals? Girls and boys who like animals may want to study to be animal doctors. They are often called “vets ”. Many of t________ work in animal h________. Others may work on farms or at a z________. Some study animal diseases and try to find ways to keep the animals from getting i________. They do studies in medicine for animals. Vets listen to an animals’ h________. They check its ears, eyes, mouth and blood. They operate on animals when they need to. They may give the animals shots(注射) and tell the pets’ o________ what food is best. KEYS: Interested, them , hospital, zoo, ill, heart, owners.
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