2019-2020浙江高考 阅读理解冲刺练习
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分；满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1〜20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
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America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. but truly can't manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous__with__our__time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes,
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for pure business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
1．The writer of this passage must be ________． A．an American B．a Chinese C．a professor D．a student
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.
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人教版新课标 2019-2020 年高三英语 一轮复习 高考专项 阅读理解 冲刺练习word版含答案详解
C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy. D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.
3．The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”. A．strict with time B．serious with time
C．careful with time D．willing to spend time
4．A suitable title for this passage would probably be “________”． A．Friendships between Chinese B．Friendships between Americans C．Americans' hospitality D．Americans' and Chinese views of friendships
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Now，we know that if we do not get enough vitamins，we are at the risk of developing a number of diseases. As a result，vitamin supplements(补品)，though expensive，are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many people think，medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve health or protect against diseases.
In fact，medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example，too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors，as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines.
Experts，however，do say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent diseases. People who know they lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example，may not have enough vitamin B12.This is because，as people get older，their body loses its ability to take it from foods. Also，people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this vitamin from sunlight.
Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil.It's also in the yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes，carrots and other darkly coloured fruit and vegetables contain substances that the body can change into vitamin A．Vitamin B12 is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods，like fruit. Vitamin K can be found in pork products.
In fact，for most people，a balanced diet can ensure enough vitamins our bodies need. So，it is
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important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins.
5．What is probably talked about before this passage? A．How many vitamins a person's body needs. B．How many vitamins some foods contain. C．The benefits that vitamins bring to our health. D．What people should do to stay healthy.
6．From the passage，we can learn that medical experts advise people ________． A．never to take any vitamin supplements B．to depend only on foods for their vitamins C．not to take any vitamins together with medicines D．to consult their doctors before taking vitamin supplements 7．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Getting enough vitamins through a balanced diet B．Vitamin supplements do harm to our health C．Vitamins are important to our health D．Lacking vitamins can cause many diseases
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It is a question that has confused parents for decades: Why do children refuse to eat greens? Now, two American experts believe they have the answer.
After studying dozens of babies as they played with various objects, the researchers noted that they were far more unwilling to grasp plants than other things. They believe this is because evolution (进化) has biologically made children be wary of plants. Due to susceptibility (敏感性) to illness or injury in the early years of life, the body has designed an inner defence mechanism (机制) that limits a child's contact with plants, they think. The researchers believe this is why babies in the study were afraid of grabbing plants and why children turn their noses up when faced with a plate of broad beans.
The findings are published in a paper by Dr Annie E. Wertz and Dr Karen Wynn, both psychologists at Yale University.
They wrote，“Throughout human evolution…plants have been essential to human existence. Yet, for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real dangers.”
“Plants produce toxins (毒素) as defences that can be harmful, or even deadly. Some plants also
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employ physical defences, such as thorns and poisonous oils that can damage tissues (组织) and cause effects over the whole body.”
They added，“We predicted that babies may have behavioural strategies that reduce their exposure to dangers posed by plants by minimizing their physical contact with plants.”
To test their theory, the researchers studied how children aged eight to 18 months old reacted when presented with a variety of objects. It took much longer for children to grab plants; objects that were faked to look like plants also caused a slow response time.
For parents attempting to spoon some peas into the mouth of their child, this finding should come as welcome relief.
8．What does the underlined word “wary” in the third paragraph mean? A．Curious.
B．Afraid. C．Tired. D．Certain.
9．What did early humans probably do to survive? A．They chose to make more artificial things. B．They forbade their children to touch plants. C．They chose to have little contact with plants. D．They tried very hard to escape from predators. 10．Which is the best title for the text? A．Give children more fun things to do B．The survival instinct (本能) is to blame C．What kind of things are healthy D．Infants of eight to eighteen months old
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Any diet on which you live that contains fewer calories than you need to get through the day—like an 800-calorie-per-day diet—can be dangerous. Diets that don't allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet—up to 30% of total calories—so no one should eat a completely fat-free diet.
Don't have diets that restrict(限制) certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You won't get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose weight, you'll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.
Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their life are because of weight.
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Others have an area of their life that they can't control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control—their exercise and food intake.
People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. But eventually a person reaches a weight level and doesn't lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they aren't any happier.
Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an__extreme__diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. Feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives(轻泻药). Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a person's health.
11. Which of the following is NOT the reason that some people start and keep dieting? A. They think their trouble comes from their weight. B. They have an alcoholic parent.
C. Other people praise them when they lose some weight. D. There is something they can't control except food intake.
12. The underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to “________”． A. a fat-free diet B. a special diet C. eating too much D. eating too little
13. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. A person needs about 800 calories each day. B. A person who doesn't eat bread is unhealthy. C. An improper diet may cause eating disorder. D. Fat takes up the most part of calories inside body.
14. According to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should________． A. avoid eating some food that can lead to being fat B. control their eating amount and times C. have a healthy and balanced diet
D. throw up some of what they eat
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How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the
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desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else). Registered dietitian (营养学家) Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.
“Go for nutrient-dense (营养丰富的) foods，” she suggests. “Foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice—the rest is largely coloured sugar water. You just can't compare the value of these foods; the nutrient-dense ones are so excellent，” she emphasizes.
Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life—it's the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets, which are based on one or two foods, are not only virtually impossible to keep up the strength; they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren't supplied in sufficient amounts or balance.
Morrissey also believes that trying to find a diet that will cure your illness, or make yourself a superwoman is a__fruitless__search,__so you will not achieve your aim. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace foods.
“We need carbohydrates, protein and fat—they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are the match, the spark, for the fuel，” she explains. “We need them all, but in a very different proportions (正确的比例). And if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless.”
15．From the first paragraph we know that working women ________． A．think cooking is especially complicated
B．do not share the same views with registered dietitians C．are busy and not interested in cooking D．are likely to eat healthfully
16．In Paragraph 4 “a fruitless search” means “________”． A．an effort with no results B．a search for a diet without fruit
C．a research on fruitless diets D．a diet serving as medicine
17．By saying “if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless”， the author means “________”． A．carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human life B．vitamins and minerals are virtually of no value
C．carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use
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D．without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use
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Of course, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that's only superficial. Besides, in decent restaurants, you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal dinner and particularly if the host thinks you're in the country for the first time, he will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes.
The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you__should__say__so__in__good__time,__for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.
Perhaps one of the things that surprise a Western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food into the plates of their guests. In formal dinners, there are always “public” chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of genuine friendship and politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.
People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!
18. What's the main difference on dinner table between China and the West? A. On Chinese dinner table, chopsticks replace knife and fork.
B. You have your own plate of food in the West while in China everyone shares the dishes. C. You're treated to a formal dinner for the first time.
D. The host will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes. 19. According to the passage, we can infer that ________．
A. Chinese think it polite to put food into the plates of the guests with their own chopsticks B. Chinese think it impolite for guests to leave food in the plate
C. people in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed
D. Chinese all think it impolite for guests to ask for a pair of knife and fork
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20. The sentence, in Paragraph 2, “you should say so in good time” means “________”． A. you should say so happily B. you should say so early C. you'd better say so D. you should say so kindly
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“Clean your plate！” Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent. Often, it is accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans in Africa！” Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate”， perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, the US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told the USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade believed restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 per cent had no opinion; 20 per cent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. 70 per cent of those earning at least $150，000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 per cent of those earning less than$25，000 want smaller.
It's not that working-class Americans don't want to eat healthily. It's just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.
21．“Clean your plate！” in the first paragraph means “________”． A．to wash the plate B．not to eat too much C．not to waste the food
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D．to help the starving orphans 22．What happened in the 1970s?
A．The government recommended serving small portions. B．Americans began to realize the importance of health. C．Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve large portions. D．People in the United States began to gain weight. 23．What does the survey indicate?
A．Many poor Americans want large portions. B．20 per cent of Americans want smaller portions.
C．70 per cent of Americans earn at least $150，000 per year. D．45 per cent of Americans earn less than $25，000 per year.
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Food serves as a form of communication in two ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-coloured eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and mooncakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
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24．According to the passage, sharing bread________． A．indicates a lack of food B．can help to develop unity
C．is a custom unique to rural areas D．has its roots in birthday celebrations
25．The author explains the role of food in celebrations by________． A．using examples B．making comparisons C．analysing causes D．describing processes
26．What is the passage mainly about? A．The custom of sharing food. B．The specific meaning of food. C．The role of food in ceremonies. D．The importance of food in culture.
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Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes.To some degree, our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings．Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random(随机地) from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical(完全相同的) twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would
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soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
27．Which of these sentences best describes the writer's point in Para.1? A．To some degree, intelligence is given at birth. B．Intelligence is developed by the environment. C．Some people are born clever and others born stupid.
D．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment. 28．It is suggested in this passage that________.
A．unrelated people are not likely to have similar intelligence B．close relations usually have similar intelligence
C．the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
29．In Para.1, the word “surroundings” means “________”. A．intelligence
B．life
C．environments D．housing 30．The best title for this article would be “________”. A．On intelligence B．What intelligence means C．We are born with intelligence
D．Environment plays a part in developing intelligence 答案： 1
【文章大意】 本文通过事例分析说明了中美两国人在看待友谊方面有差异。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans…”可知，作者是一名中国人。故选B项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship.”可知D项正确。
3．D 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“…they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great
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deal of time.”和“This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country…”，再依据后面的事例可知：美国人好客，但对自己的时间管控有度，不愿花他们认为不必要的时间陪着朋友，故选择D项。
4．D 主旨大意题。综合全文，尤其是最后两段可知，中美两国人对友谊的观点有差异，故选择D项。
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[文章大意] 吃维生素补品其实并不像人们想象的那样能带来很多好处，有时维生素摄取过量会对人体有害，人们通过合理的饮食就能够获得足够的人体所需的维生素。
5．C 推理判断题。根据文章的第一句“现在我们知道，如果我们没有摄取足够的维生素，我们就有生病的危险”可以推断，前面提到的内容应该是维生素给人体带来的好处。
6．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors…”可知答案。
7．A 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，吃维生素补品其实并不像人们想象的那样会带来很多好处，有时维生素摄取过量会对人体有害，人们通过合理的饮食就能够获得足够的人体所需的维生素。
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[文章大意] 本文是说明文，解释了孩子们不愿意吃绿色蔬菜的原因。
8．B 词义猜测题。由第四段的内容可知，孩子们不愿意碰触植物，是因为从生物学上看他们“害怕”植物。
9．C 细节理解题。根据第七段的内容可知许多植物为了抵抗掠食者，会产生毒素。这些对于早期的人类来说是有害的甚至可能是致命的，因此为了生存，人们产生了内在的抵抗机制，即尽量少地接触植物。
10．B 主旨大意题。从生物学上来看，人类的生存本能使得孩子们不愿意接触植物，故B项最符合题意。
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A [文章大意] 本文主要论述了在减肥时，为了保证身体所需的能量，要注意做到健康、均衡地饮食。
11. B 细节理解题。文中第三段提到了一些人们开始减肥的原因，第四段又提到当他们减掉体重时会得到朋友和家人的赞扬，这使他们感觉很好，因此会坚持一段时间。而B项所叙述的内容只是文中列举的某些人生活中无法控制的事情，并不是他们减肥的原因。
12. D 词义猜测题。根据本句后面的“…but then eat tons of food.”以及最后一句“Eating too
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little to maintain a healthy weight…”可知答案为D项。
13. C 细节理解题。从文中第一段可知人体每天所需要的能量要多于800卡路里，故A项错误；第一段最后一句提到脂肪占人体所需总能量的30%，并没有说所占比例最大，因此可排除D项；根据第二段可知面包只是属于某种类别的食物，因此B项叙述错误；根据最后一段可知正确答案为C项。
14. C 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，减肥时，为了身体所需的能量，必须做到健康、均衡地饮食，因此正确答案为C项。
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[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了营养专家对职业女性在保持健康饮食方面给出的几个中肯的建议。
15．C 细节理解题。由第一段“…working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else)．”可知答案。
16．A 细节理解题。由第四段中“Morrissey also believes that trying to find a diet that will cure your illness, or make yourself a superwoman is a fruitless search, so you will not achieve your aim.”可知这种行为是达不成目标的，所以选A。
17．D 推理判断题。由最后一段“‘We need carbohydrates, protein and fat—they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are the match, the spark, for the fuel，’ she explains. ‘We need them all, but in a very different proportions (正确的比例). And if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless.’”可知作者将碳水化合物，蛋白质，脂肪比作燃料中的木头，而维生素，矿物质是火柴。
我们都需要它们，但是比例很不同。如果没有了燃料，火柴也就没用了。
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[文章大意] 本文讲述的是中国与西方不同的餐桌文化，告诉人们关于餐具的使用以及其他一些要注意的细节。
18．B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 “Of course, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that's only superficial.”可知A项不正确。根据第一段第三句“The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares.”可知选B。
19．A 推理判断题。从第三段最后一句“ If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.”可知B项不正确；C项是文章直接给出的而不是推断出的，故不选；从文章第一段第二句“…you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough.”可知D项不正确。从第三段的“…some of the Chinese hosts like to put food into the plates of their guests.…This is a
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人教版新课标 2019-2020 年高三英语 一轮复习 高考专项 阅读理解 冲刺练习word版含答案详解
sign of genuine friendship and politeness.”可推出答案。
20．B 句意理解题。从下文“…for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.”可知，大多数中国人选择最后吃主食或者不吃，因此如果你想吃的话要提早说。故选B。
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[文章大意] 研究表明，这和美国餐馆提供给顾客的大分量有关系。专家们呼吁餐馆给顾客提供小分量，部分顾客也有此要求。但是，调查显示，大部分挣钱较少的美国人还是喜欢大分量。文章揭示了这些现象背后的原因。
21．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Clean your plate！” 以及 “…‘Just think about those starving orphans in Africa！’ Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food.”可知，美国父母要求孩子将盘子内的食物吃光，提醒孩子想想非洲那些挨饿的孤儿。由此可以推知，美国父母对孩子说这些话，目的在于让孩子不要浪费食物。故选C。
22．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“…restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.”可知，在20世纪70年代，餐馆提供的食物的分量开始增加，同时，美国人的腰围也开始增加，即美国人开始长胖。故选D。
23．A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. 70 per cent of those earning at least $150，000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 per cent of those earning less than$25，000 want smaller.”可知，调查表明，很多收入较低的美国人仍然喜欢大分量。每年至少挣15万美元的人(较富有的人)中，70%的人喜欢小分量，但在那些年收入不足$25，000的人(较贫穷的人)中，只有45%想要小分量，这说明大部分贫困的人还是喜欢大分量的。故选A。
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[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物通过两种方式充当交流的工具：分享食物可以促进团结和信任；食物在庆祝仪式和传统活动中充当某个角色来展示独特的文化。
24．B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.”可知，分享食物能够促进团结和信任。故选B。
25．A 写作手法题。通读第三段可知，在谈到食物在一些传统仪式中发挥的作用时，作者列举了美国南部和希腊的习俗予以说明。在第四段提到了食物在婴儿出生仪式上所起的作用。故选A。
26．D 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了食物在人际交流和文化传统两方面中所起的作用。故
选D。
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人教版新课标 2019-2020 年高三英语 一轮复习 高考专项 阅读理解 冲刺练习word版含答案详解
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[文章大意] 文章主要讲的是人的智力。许多专家现在持有的观点是，智力的极限是由先天决定的，但能否达到极限则取决于后天的生活环境。
27. D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.”可知，一个人的智力在出生时就固定了，但能否达到极限，要视后天的环境而定，故选D。
28. B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence.”可知，两个人的血缘关系越近，他们的智力水平可能越接近，故选B。
29. C 词义猜测题。根据第一段提到的“On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.”可知，另一方面，在烦闷环境中成长的孩子的智力发展不如在丰富多彩的环境中成长的孩子的智力好。故选C项。
30. A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences？”和第二段的“It is easy to show that intelligence is to…”与第三段的“…and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part.”可知，文章主要讲的是智力。专家持有的观点是，智力的极限是先天决定的，而能否达到极限取决于后天的环境。故选A项。
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