目录
一、前置部分................................................................................................................ 1
(一)封面 ............................................................................................................................... 1 (二)英文、中文摘要和关键词 ........................................................................................... 1 (三)目录 ............................................................................................................................... 2
二、主体部分................................................................................................................ 4
(一)正文 ............................................................................................................................... 4 (二)注释 ............................................................................................................................... 5 (三)参考文献(Selected Bibliography 或 References) .................................................. 8
三、后置部分.............................................................................................................. 15
(一)附录 .................................................................................................................................. 15 (二)致谢 .................................................................................................................................. 15 (三)过程检查表 ................................................................................................................. 15 (四)答辩记录登记表 ......................................................................................................... 15
四、注意事项.............................................................................................................. 17
(一)论文正文中的引用格式,供参考: ......................................................................... 17 (二)页码 (放在页面底端中间) ................................................................................. 17 (三)整份论文包含的内容 ................................................................................................. 17
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一、前置部分
(一)封面
毕业论文的封面及封底由学校统一印发。要求手工填写,字迹清晰,字体工整,不得出现涂改的痕迹。
(二)英文、中文摘要和关键词
摘要字数约300-400实词,概括论文主要信息,包括研究主题、研究目的、研究方法、结论或相关启示。并在摘要下面列出3-5个关键词。(具体格式如下)
ABSTRACT
(标题居中,大写,三号Times New Roman加粗,与下文空开一行)
×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
(起首空四个英文字符,用小四号Times New Roman,1.5倍行距,与下文空开一行)
Keywords:×××,××××,×××
(起首空四个英文字符,Keywords本身用四号Times New Roman加粗。关键词小写,用小四号Times New Roman,词与词之间用逗号(,)隔开)
摘要
(标题居中,三号黑体加粗,与下文空开一行)
×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
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××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
(起首空两个中文字符,用小四号宋体,1.5倍行距,与下文空开一行)
关键词:×××,××××,×××
(起首空两个中文字符,“关键词”本身用四号黑体加粗。关键词用小四号宋体,词与词之间用逗号(,)隔开)
(三)目录
(标题居中,大写,三号Times New Roman加粗,与下文空开一行)
CONTENTS
Chapter One General Introduction……………………………….…………........1
1.1 The Concept of Metaphor………………………………………….................1 1.2 Traditional Theories of Metaphorical Translation………………...…….........2
Chapter Two Literature Review……………………………………...………..….3
2.1 The Limitations of Traditional Metaphorical Study………………….………3 2.2 The Entry Point of This Thesis……………………….……………………....3
Chapter Three the Main Sources of Chinese Metaphors – Ancient Literatures, Traditional Beliefs and Literary Quotations…………………..……………...….5 3.1 Metaphor in Ancient Literatures……………………………….………….....5
3.1.1 Metaphors in Ancient Chinese poems………………………..…….…5 3.1.2 Metaphors in Ancient Articles………………………….…………......6 3.2 Traditional Beliefs and Their Influences in the Forming of Metaphor…........7 3.3 Literary Quotations and Their Translations…………….………………….....7
Chapter Four Special Metaphor Figurative Use in Chinese……........................8
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4.1 The Peculiar Ways of Thinking in Chinese……………….…………...….....8 4.2 Metaphors and the Style Reflection of the Writer.………………...……......10 4.3 Metaphors and the Style Reflection of the Ages.…………………………...11
Chapter Five Translations of Chinese Metaphors…………………...….…..…13
5.1 Metaphors Perceiving…………………….……………………….……......13 5.2 Metaphor Inference…………………………….…………………………...15 5.3 Retaining the Cultural Connotation in Translation…………………………16
Chapter Six Conclusion ……………………………..............................………...19
Selected Bibliography …………………………………………………...…………20
Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………….22
(目录和正文中,章与章之间隔一行,Chapter X与后文之间留两个英文字符的空格。每一小标题向右缩进四个英文字符。全部采用小四号Times New Roman,1.5倍行距,页码用阿拉伯数字标注)
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二、主体部分
(一)正文
Chapter One ×××
(Chapter X与后文之间留两个英文字符的空格。使用小二号Times New Roman加粗。居中,与下文空开两行)
1.1 ×××
(小标题一律使用四号Times New Roman加粗。左对齐,与下文空开一行)
××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
(正文左起空四个英文字符,使用小四号字,Times New Roman,1.5倍行距。图表、公式一律用阿拉伯数字按章节顺序编号。图序、图名置于图下方,居中。表序、表名置于表上方,左对齐。)
1.1.1 ×××
(以后的章节同上的格式,新的chapter需另起一页)
…………… Chapter Two ×××
…………… Chapter Three ×××
…………… Conclusion ××× …………… References ×××
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(二)注释
毕业论文的注释采用尾注和夹注,不采用脚注。
1、尾注 End-notes
在正文需注释处的右上方按顺序加注数码①②③„„,在全文之后写注文,每条加对应数码,同行时与上行注文对齐。
Use numbered Endnotes at the end of the thesis to indicate the authority of stated opinions, facts, or exact quotations.
2、夹注 In-text Citations
某些引文或所依据的文献无需详细注释者,以夹注的形式随文在括弧内注明。 The citations are placed in parentheses () within the text. A. 来自专著的直接引语,作者姓名在文中已经出现
Direct quotations from a book, author’s name in text 格式:出版年份:页码。 Format: Year: page number(s). Example:
Rees said, “As key aspects of learning are not stable, but changeable, this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”(1986:241).
B. 来自专著的直接引语,作者姓名在文中没有出现
Direct quotations from a book, author’s name NOT in text 格式:作者姓名,出版年份:页码。
Format: Author‟s last name, year: page number(s). Example:
“One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience is more familiar with and receptive to Western culture than the average English reader is to Chinese culture.” (Fung ,1995:71).
C. 来自某篇文章的直接引语,作者姓名在文中已经出现
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Direct quotations from an article, author’s name in text 格式:发表年份 Format: Year Example:
Ernst Rose submits,“The highly spiritual view of the world presesnted in Siddartha exercised its appeal on West and East alike.” (1974)
D. 来自某篇文章的直接引语,作者姓名在文中没有出现 Direct quotations from an article, author’s name NOT in text 格式:作者姓名(英文只注姓)、出版年份。 Format: Author‟s last name, year. Example:
“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as „just‟ words – but there isn‟t.” (Bateson 1972)
E. 来自专著的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中已经提到
Indirect quotations from a book, author’s name in text 格式:出版年份:引文页码。 Format: Year: page number(s). Example:
According to Alun Rees (1986:234), the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.
F. 来自专著的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中没有提到 Indirect quotations from a book, author’s name NOT in text 格式:作者姓名,出版年:引文页码。 Format: Author‟s last name, Year: page number(s). Example:
It may be true that in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance. (see Robertson 1987:136)
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Note: If the stating theory can be directly found in the original text, declare the source by (see Robertson 1987:136); if the stating theory can only partly be found in the original text, declare the source by (c.f. Robertson 1987:136)
G. 来自文章的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中没有提到 Indirect quotations from an article, author’s name NOT in text 格式:作者姓名,出版年份。
Format: Author‟s last name, Year: Examples: Example:
It is argued that if communication is to be successful, the people involved need to share the same referential meaning of the words they are using (Byron & Fleming 1999)
H.提到某人的观点与姓名
Reference of author’s name and opinion(s) in text 格式:发表年份(紧跟姓名后)
Format: Year(folloving the author‟s last name). Example:
Fries (1981) attempted to provide evidence that Theme is a meaningful concept by showing a
number of short texts.
I. 提到某人的观点(没有提到姓名)
Reference of author’s opinion(s), name NOT in text 格式:作者姓名,发表年份 Format: Author‟s last name, Year. Example:
The writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation (Rees 1986:32).
J. 互联网资料 Internet information 格式:编号
Format: Number of order.
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Example:
“A deconstructive reading is a reading which analyses the specificity of a text‟s critical difference from itself” (Net.2.).
(注:Net.2.“征引文献”中的编号,是为了便于注明文内引语的出处。参看第Ⅱ部分:“参考文献”中的“互联网资料 Internet information”)
(三)参考文献(Selected Bibliography 或 References)
所引的数据和观点应在参考文献中标明。要求在参考文献中有一定的外文文献。 (先列外文参考书目,再列中文参考书目。按字母顺序排列。小四号,Times New Roman或者宋体,1.5倍行距)
References
(参考文献要另起新的一页开始写。字体Times New Roman 三号加粗,居中。标题和内容隔一行,一个文献超过一行,第二,第三行等的开头要英文空四个字母,中文空两个汉字)
Fairbanks, Carol. Prairie Women: Images in American and Canadian Fiction.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.
Halliday, M.A.K. & R. Hasan. Language, Context, and Text: Aspects of
Language in a Social-semiotic Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Hirsch, David. Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Boston:
Houghton, 1987.
黄国文(Huang, Guowen). 语篇分析概要. 长沙: 湖南教育出版社, 1988。
References
Biber, D. (1995). Dimensions of Register Variation: A Cross-Linguistic
Comparison. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
8
George, Y. (2000). The Study of Language. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching
and Research Press, 245.
Hatim B. (2001). Communication across Cultures: Translation Theory and
Contrastive Text Linguistics. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,
Martin, J. R. (1984). Language, Register and Genre, in Children Writing: Reader
(ECT412 Children Writing), Deakin University, Vic., 21-30.
Chen, X.T. (程晓堂) (2002).语域理论和诗歌的语义和语用分析. 外语与教学
研究, , No. 4, 11-14.
Qiao, M. (乔木) (2008).手机短信的传播效果与政治影响. 当代传播, No.4, 76-77.
Zhu Y.S. (朱永生) (1987).关于语域的几个问题. 山东外语教学, No.4, 24-28.
Selected Bibliography
(标题居中,三号Times New Roman加粗,与下文空开一行)
Aitchison, J. 2002, Words Pour into English, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary
English, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Saeed, J. I. 2000. Semantics. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research
Press.
束定芳(Shu, D. F.),2004,《外语教学改革:问题与对策》,上海:上海外语
教育出版社。
束定芳、庄智象 (Shu, D. F. & Zhuang, Z. X.),1996,《现代外语教学——理论、
实践与方法》,上海:上海外语教育出版社。
参考文献格式要求如下: 1)专著 Books
格式:作者的姓名,书名,出版地,出版商和出版年份。
9
Format: Author‟s last name, given name. Title. Place of publication: Publisher. Year of publication.
A. 独立作者 A Book by a Single Author Example:
王力,《音韵学初步》。北京:商务印书馆,1980。
Fairbanks, Carol. Prairie Women: Images in American and Canadian Fiction. New Haven: Yale UP, 1986.
B. 同一作者两本以上的参考书
Two or More books by the Same Author Examples:
黄国文,《语篇分析概要》。长沙:湖南教育出版社,1988。 黄国文,《英语语言问题研究》。广州:中山大学出版社,1999。
Hirsch, David. Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Boston: Houghton, 1987. Hirsch, David. The Philosophy of Compaosition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977.
C. 同一作者两本以上同年出版的参考书
Two or More books by the Same Author in the Same Year Examples:
周兆祥,《翻译与人生》。香港:商务印书馆,1996a。 周兆祥,《翻译初阶》。香港:商务印书馆,1996b。
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation. London:Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1988a. Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1988b.
D. 同一本书有两、三位作者 A Book by Two or Three Authors Example:
金圣华、黄国彬,《因难见巧--名家翻译经验谈》。香港:三联书店有限公司,1996。
10
E. 同一本书有四位或更多作者 More than Three Authors Example:
张三、李四等,《语言杂谈》。香港:博益出版有限公司,1978。Edens, Walter,et al.. Teaching Shakespeare, Princeton:Princeton University Press, 1997.
F. 书的主编 A Book with an Editor Examples:
杨自俭、李瑞华主编,《英汉对比研究论文集》。上海外语出版社,1990。 Hall, David ed. The Oxford Book of American Literary Anecdotes. New York: OUP, 1981
G. 机构作者 A Book by a Corporate Author Example:
高等学校外语学刊研究会,《外国语言研究论文索引》(1990-1994)。上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996。
H. 无作者署名的书 An Anonymous Book Example:
《现代汉语词典》。北京:商务印书馆,1992。
I. 一书多册 A Multi-volume Book Examples:
张道真,《现代英语用法词典》(5册)。上海译文出版社,1983。Blotner,Johnson. Faulkner:Abiography (2vols.).NewYork: Random,1974.
J. 翻译著作 A Translation Examples:
赵元任,《中国话的文法》(丁邦新译)。香港中文大学出版社,1986。 Calvino, Ian. The Uses of Literature. (P.Creagh,Trans.) San Diego; Harcourt,1986. K. 政府文件 A Government Document Example:
11
《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》。香港:三联书店有限公司,1991。
2)文章 Articles
格式:作者姓名,篇名,刊名,刊物的卷号和期号,年份,文章的起止页码。
Format: Author's last name, given name. Article Title. Journal Title, Volume number(Issue/Issue
number), year:page number.
L. 期刊文章 Periodical Articles Example:
陈渊,国外英语教材初探,《外国语》第1期,1979:66-68。
Fulwiler, T. How well does writing across teaching work? College English 46, 1984:13-25.
M. 论文集的文章
An Article in an Anthology or the Published Proceedings of a conference Example:
张美芳,翻译学--关系繁多的综合性学科。黄国文主编,《语文研究群言集》。广州:中山大学出版社,1997:308-318。
Peters, M. & T.B. Stephen. Interaction routines as cultural influences upon language acquisition. In
Schieffelin,
B.B.&E.
Ochs,
eds.
Language
Socialization
Across
Cultures.
Cambridge:CUP,1986:80-96.
N. 报纸署名文章 A Signed Article in a Daily Newspaper Example:
吴天,外来语与我国文化的冲突。《牛城日报》10月23日,2000:5。
Darst, James. Environmentalists want hotels, concessions removed from US parks. Boston Globe, May 25, 1988:17.
O. 工具书署名文章 A Signed Article in a Reference Book Example:
12
南文,联合国的口述录音翻译。《中国翻译词典》1997年版。 Tobias, Richard. & Thurber, James. Encyclopedia Americana. 1987 ed.
P. 工具书非署名文章
An Unsigned Article in a Reference Book Example:
Tharp, Twyla. Who’s Who of American Women. 15th ed. 1987-88.
Q. 社论 An Editorial Example:
大力加强金融系统思想政治工作--纪念中国共产党诞生79周年。《金融时报》7月1日社论,2000:1。
Young, Gifted, Black-and Inspired.Editorial.Washington Post, May 18, 1988:20.
3)非文字材料 Non-print
R. 电脑软件 Computer Software
格式:制作人姓名、软件名(说明是电脑软件)、型号,年份。 Format: Computer programmer's last name, given name. Title (Computer software). Model number, year. Example:
Rosenberg, Victor, et al. Pro-Cite. Vers.1.3. (Computer software).IBM PCDOC 2.0, 256KB, disk, 1987.
T. 电影、电视、广播、幻灯、录像、录音、艺术品
Films, TV and Radio Programs, Slides, Videotapes, Audiotapes and Art Works.
格式:片名(或节目名),导演(或制作者)姓名,出品地(或播出台和播出地),年份(或播出
日期)。
Format: Name of film. Director's last name, given name. Place of production, year (or date of
showing).
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Examples:
《我的父亲母亲》(电影),张艺谋(导演)。北京,1998。
The Last Empero r(Film). Bertolucci, Bernardo (Director). With J. Lone & Po'Toole. Columbia, 1987.
If God Ever Listened: A Portrait of Alice Walker. Horizons (Radio program). Rosenthal, Jane(Producer). NPR. WBST, Muncie. 3 Mar. 1984.
U. 互联网资料 Internet information 格式:编号,篇名,网址
Format: Number of order. Title of article. Web address. Example:
Net.1. Desonstruction.
http://www.brocku.ca/english/courses/4f70/deconstruction.html Net.2.Jacques Derrda.
http://www.brocku.ca/english/courses/4f70/deconstruction.html (注:编号是为了便于文内引语出处的注明。)
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三、后置部分
(一)附录
出自复印件,或因内容过长,不便置于正文或注释的内容,可放在附录部分。
(二)致谢
Acknowledgements(三号黑体加粗)
(大约150~200字,供参考)
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, XXX, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis,she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without her patient instruction and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.
I feel grateful to all the teachers in the Nanfang College of Sun Yat-Sen University who once offered me valuable courses and advice during my study.
Last but not least, I owe much to my friends and classmates for their valuable suggestions and critiques which are of help and importance in making the thesis a reality.
(三)过程检查表
在教务部网页可以下载,每位学生的论文需至少让导师检查3次,并如实记录检查情况。
(四)答辩记录登记表
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在教务部网页可以下载,装订时把空表一并装订。
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四、注意事项
(一)论文正文中的引用格式,供参考:
1)Rees said, “As key aspects of learning are not stable, but changeable, this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”(1986:241).
2) “Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as „just‟ words – but there isn‟t.” (Bateson 1972)
3)Bateson said that Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as „just‟ words – but there isn‟t. (Bateson 1972)
引用种类:直接引用,间接引用,还可以改写别人的观点(也即paraphrase) 1),2)是直接引用,加引号, 3)是间接引用,无引号 ,
注意括号中的人名和年份间空格,不用任何标点
(二)页码 (放在页面底端中间)
论文正文前的Acknowledgements, Contents, Abstract, 中文摘要,目录下面的页码按照罗马小写字母ⅰ,ⅱ,ⅲ,ⅳ等来排列;
Chapter One 之后所有的内容下面用阿拉伯数字1,2,3,4,等来排列。过程检查表和答辩记录登记表不需要页码。
(三)整份论文包含的内容
封面=》中英文摘要和关键词=》目录=》正文=》注释和参考文献=》附录(问卷调查表、访谈记录、图表数据、资料的原文等)=》致谢=》过程检查表=》答辩记录情况登记表=》封底
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