高考英语说明文阅读理解专项训练

说明文专项训练（1）

体裁 说明文 Do you want a better life? The inventors have come up with many new ideas, which are designed to help us with our everyday life. The Balluga Bed

The Balluga Bed is a smart bed with adjustable firmness, temperature control and a built-in massage(按摩) system, all with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity. The smart bed can massage you to sleep in a comfortable way. If you have trouble sleeping, why not have a try? The HydroGuard

The HydroGuard invention is a reusable flood protection device (设备) that can be quickly put in place by homeowners. It fits any door type and is expandable, meaning the unit expands to fit any door size. It works by sealing the door and prevents water from being able to get through. The Sg-easy Gloves

The Sq-easy Gloves, washing-up and cleaning gloves, are fitted with a built-in refillable soap container. As wearers wash up, they can squeeze a small bit of liquid to produce more suds (泡沫). The Sq-easy Gloves have also developed a family function for parents to use while bathing their children-removing the need to hold the child in one hand and use shampoo in another. The Beach Bag Plus

Would you like to go traveling? The Beach Bag Plus will help you a lot. It's a beach bag that amazes a beach lover with a cool bag, wet pockets and secret pockets for valuables. The bag is now on sale online with Bunker Bound.

解析：这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了若干最新的发明，它们或者有助于睡眠，或者可用于防潮。

话题 有助睡眠的发明 词数 难度 297 ★★★ 建议时间 6分钟 1. The Balluga Bed does good to people who______. A. can't sleep well B. have difficulty walking C. suffer serious injuries to the back D. like using free Wi-Fi and Bluetooth

选A，推理判断题，根据第二段第二句The smart bed can massage you to sleep in a comfortable way.可以推知，它对睡眠不好的人有好处。

4．Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A．A textbook. C．A magazine.

B．A storybook. D．An advertisement.

说明文专项训练（2）

体裁 说明文

Happiness increases when we experience more positive emotions throughout the day.Fredrickson，a leader in the field of psychology，identifies 10 positive emotions，including joy，interest，hope，pride，amusement，inspiration，love and so on.How often we experience these positive emotions compared to negative emotions in a day affects not only our mood，but also our physical health.She has discovered that those who have a 3：1 ratio of positive to negative emotions on a daily basis are happier and healthier.

Sadly，most people，even those who consider themselves positive people，are far below that ratio.The good news is that you can learn to increase your ratio of being positive，which leads to greater happiness，health and success.

Research shows that by increasing positive emotions，we become more creative，perform better at tasks，and have better relationships.The most exciting finding is that we now have proof that self-generated positive emotions

话题 情绪 词数 难度 287 ★★ 建议时间 5分钟 can improve our physical health.

Nevertheless，we don’t want to get rid of all negative feelings.Negative emotions are proper and helpful sometimes.It’s appropriate to feel sad about the loss of a loved one.Anger often pushes us into action to improve a situation or correct a mistake.However，if you find yourself waiting impatiently when the driver in front of you doesn’t instantly notice the light turns green，or if you find yourself scolding your kids for laughing too loud while you are on the phone，you are having negative feelings in your daily life too often.Then you should step back and analyze those feelings，and turn them around.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。积极的情绪不仅能改善人们的心情，还能改善人们的健康，同样，消极情绪有时也会产生积极的效果，所以我们应该学会管理自己的情绪。

1．What is the most exciting finding about increasing positive emotions? A．It improves relationships. B．It contributes to good health. C．It helps develop creativity. D．It leads to greater success.

2．What does the author say about negative feelings? A．People should turn every negative feeling around. B．Negative feelings can sometimes have positive effects. C．Negative feelings often cause people to make mistakes. D．People should never show negative feelings in public places.

2.选B， 推理判断题。Negative emotions are proper and helpful sometimes.(第四段第二句)译文：消极情绪有时是恰当且有益的。该题提问的是作者对消极情绪的看法。由此可知，作者认为消极情绪有时会产生积极的影响。

3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．People should learn to manage their emotions. B．People should be patient with their negative feelings.

C．People should learn to analyze the causes of unhappiness. D．People should identify as many positive feelings as possible.

3.选A， 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，前三段主要讲述了积极情绪的相关情况，其中包括它能带给大家的益处；最后一段主要分析了消极情绪积极的一面，并建议人们应合理处理负面情绪；由此可推知，本文旨在建议大家学会管理自己的情绪。

说明文专项训练（3）

体裁 话题 网红猫Grumpy Ever since Grumpy Cat first appeared online，the_Internet_can’t_get_enough_of_her.But attention is not the only thing that this cat is getting.Her fortune is estimated at $100 million，more than many famous actors and musicians earn.

So how did it all start?

Grumpy Cat’s owner Tabatha Bundesen was working as a waitress when her brother Bryan decided to take a photo of her funny-looking cat and post it on Reddit，a social news site.In a matter of hours，she became a sensation (轰动)．

It got 1 million views on Imgur in 48 hours.

Grumpy Cat’s real name is Tardar Sauce and she actually has a condition called dwarfism，which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown turned out to be worth millions of dollars.

Tabatha，who lives in Arizona in the US，isn’t complaining.She still remembers that September 22,2012，when her life turned upside down.

Since her cat became a worldwide phenomenon，she was able to quit her job and devote her life to managing her cat’s modeling career.Sounds unbelievable，but it’s true.She says that her only job now is to book Tardar’s photo shoots，commercials (商业广告)，and other appearances.

What are the other benefits of owning a million-dollar cat?

Apart from not having to work，Tabatha can travel all the time.She has time and money to visit her family

词数 难度 ★★★7分钟 ★ 建议时间 说明文 335 more often and enjoy her life.She never could have imagined just how huge her cat would become，but she always knew Tardar was very special.And she is glad to see her cat bringing joy to so many people around the world.

As for the millions of dollars Tardar has earned，they come from all the products，commercials and a best-selling book.She even has her own movie Grumpy Cat’s Worst Christmas Ever.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Grumpy Cat和她的主人Tabatha Bundesen的相关情况。 1．What does the underlined part “the Internet can’t get enough of her” mean? A．The Internet can’t stand her any more. B．The Internet can’t pay more attention to her.

C．People don’t focus on her any longer on the Internet. D．The Internet can’t find enough information about her.

2．What made Grumpy Cat become famous?

A．Her unusual appearance. B．Her bad temper. C．Her short and fat body. D．Her unique fur.

2.选A，考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“take a photo of her funny­looking cat”和第五段中的“which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown”可知，是这只猫特别的长相使她出名了。

3．About Tabatha Bundesen，we know that________.

A．she now works as a waitress B．she feels very tired of her famous cat C．she only manages her cat’s modeling career D．she is too busy to go home to visit her parents

4．The general idea of the last paragraph is________. A．how the cat can become so famous B．how the cat can make so much money

C．what the film about the cat is named

D．how the cat’s owner spends so much money

4.选B， 考查段落大意。文章最后一段的内容告诉我们Tardar是如何赚如此多的钱的。

说明文专项训练（4）

体裁 说明文 话题 自由职业 词数 难度 377 ★★★ 建议时间 6分钟 As anyone who freelances (做自由职业) knows，there are lots of advantages of working at home alone.But there are drawbacks too，like the potential loneliness.No wonder co-working spaces are becoming so popular：They permit self-employed individuals to feel like they are part of all office environment，while making them get some work done too.But renting a co-working space does cost money.

Now a Swedish project is aiming to change that by turning people’s underused homes into temporary co-working spaces，available to freelancers for free.Hoffice was started by freelancers Christofer Gradin Franzen and Johline Zandra about a year ago in Stockholm when they invited a few people into their home office to work together.It was a great success，and the project has since spread to a number of cities in Europe，North and South America，Australia，India and Japan.Anyone can sign up and offer their home space as a free co-working space，or go to find a Hoffice near them.

On a Hoffice day，everyone arrives and starts work at a certain hour.After 45 minutes，everyone gets up to take a break，stretch，do qigong or yoga for 10 to 15 minutes.Afterwards，people can gather around again，and restate their intentions and goals for the rest of the work day，as a way to motivate each other.Meals can be eaten together at a certain hour，potluck-style (家常饭) or by bringing your own lunch.

This process creates an encouraging and supportive work environment.As some freelancers describe，“By working at Hoffice，we give ourselves and each other the gift to spend our days in a social working environment，where we are extremely productive without ignoring our other human needs.We also make sure to give us and each other what we need to feel calm，happy，inspired and creative during the working day.”

So Hoffice is not just about sharing space；it’s also about a free exchange of ideas.And perhaps the best thing is that Hoffices are free to use.

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种可以给自由工作者提供免费的集体工作场所的工作模式——Hoffice。自由职业者在Hoffice办公不仅避免了孤独，而且工作效率高、心情愉快；Hoffice的这种

工作模式已传播到世界各国的多个城市，并越来越受人们的欢迎。