Unit 1 Confucian Thought on Heaven and Humanity
Homework:
(一）Questions:
1) What is The Analects mainly about? 2) What is Confucius’ view on Heaven?
3) What is Confucius’ innovative idea about Heaven? 4) What does the “heavenly mission” refer to?
5) How is Confucius’ concept of Heaven related to the modern ecological civilization?
6) What is Confucius’ interpretation of ren?
7) According to Confucius, what is the most important part of li? 8) What qualities are “persons of virtue” supposed to have? 9) Why do people need to study music according to Confucius? （二）Translation
1）天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉，天何言哉？ 2) 生生之谓易。 3）天地之大德曰生。
4）获罪于天，无所禄也。 5）仁者，人也，亲亲为大。 6）父母在，不远游，游必有方。
7） 父母之年，不可不知也。一则以喜，一则以惧。 8） 己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。 9） 己所不欲，勿施于人。
10）子生三年，然后免于父母之怀。 11）礼之用，和为贵。
12）知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。 （三）Careful Reading
1、Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1)All the following are the titles of Confucius EXCEPT _____.
A. an educator B. a biologist C. a scholar D. a philosopher 2)The expression “filial piety” most probably means being _____. A. loyal to the state B. obedient to sister(s) C. responsible D. dutiful to parents
3) Which of the following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature/Heaven?
A. Brothers. B. Husband and wife. C. Doctor and patient. D. Mother and son.
4) Through burial and ancestral worship rituals, people can learn that______.
A. nature is lifeless so it will never die
B. individual’s life can be everlasting by joining nature
C. they should be grateful to their parents for giving them lives
D. individual’s lifespan is short, so they should enjoy life as much as possible 5) Which of the following is the most important part of Confucius’ curriculum? A. Music. B. Calligraphy C. Virtue D. Mathematics
6) Zi lu, Ran You and Gongxi Chi’s aspirations represent______, while Zeng Dian’s reflects_____.
A. personal ambition; selfishness B. lofty ideals; meaningless pursuit
C. personal struggle; generous contribution D. individual contribution to society; harmony (四）Communication 1) God bless 2) Thank God 3) Please God
4) For God’s sake 5) God forbid
6) Man proposes, God disposes.
7) God helps those who help themselves. Answers
（一）Questions
1. 1) The Analects is mainly about Confucius’ words and life story. 2) Confucius regarded Heaven as nature.
3) Confucius’ innovative idea about Heaven is that Heaven (or nature) is the process of life creation.
4)The heavenly mission is to accomplish Heaven’s purpose of protecting and improving life.
5)Confucius advocated “ standing in awe of the ordinances of Heaven” and warned against offending Heaven. This is, in essence, equivalent to the modern idea of staying in harmony with nature. So in this way Confucius’ concept of Heaven is similar to the modern ecological civilization.
6)Confucius interpreted ren as love of people, which begins with the love for one’s parents.
7)According to Confucius, the most important part of li is the burial and ancestral worship rituals.
8)Persons of virtue are supposed to have sound character and uplifted minds and they can shoulder important social responsibilities and make contributions to society.
9) According to Confucius, studying music can lift one’s spirit and help one appreciate beauty. （二）Translation 1）Heaven does not speak in words. It speaks through the rotation of the four seasons and the growth of all living things.
2) Continuous creation of life is change.
3) The great virtue of Heaven and Earth is creating life.
4) He who offends against Heaven has none to whom he can pray. 5) The greatest love for people is the love for one’s parents.
6) Children should not travel far while their parents are alive. If they have no choice but to do so, they must retain some restraint.
7) Children should think often of the age of their parents. They should feel happy for the health and longevity of their parents. They should also feel concern for the aging of their parents.
8) While fulfilling one’s own desires, allow others to fulfill theirs. 9) Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you. 10) A child should not leave his parents’ bosom until he is three years old. 11) The role of li is to maintain harmony among people.
12) Simply knowing the highest standard of virtue is not as good as setting it as one’s goal. Setting it as one’s goal is not as good as enjoying practicing of it.
（三）Careful Reading B D D B C D
(四）Communication
1)上帝保佑[用于向某人表示关爱] 2）谢天谢地，感谢上帝
3）但愿[用于表示非常强烈的愿望]
4）看在上帝的份上，行行好把[表示某事很重要] 5）但愿（某事）不会发生 6) 谋势在人，成事在天。 7）自助者天助也
Unit 2 Laozi’s Philosophy of Non-action
Assignment--- fill in the blanks
• 1) Laozi’s thought has a great influence on the characteristics; trends of thought; and aesthetic sensibilities of the Chinese people.
• 2) The examples of birds, fish, clouds and flowers are used to illustrate that everything in the world has its own way of being and development. • 3) The difference between great ingenuity and ordinary ingenuity lies in the fact that the latter can be achieved through human effort, but the former is superior to the latter.
• 4) In order to become strong, one should start with one’s own weak points;instead of oppressing the weak.
• 5) In Laozi’s opinion, fragility is the symbol of life.
• 6) The highest level of one’s cultivation is to return to the state of a newborn baby, who is free of any knowledge, desire; impurity or falsehood . • 7) People fight and deceive one another out of desire. • 8) According to the laws of nature, people should not rob the poor and oppress the weak.
Assignment---- translation • 1. 顺应自然。
• Follow the way of nature. • 2.无为而无不为。
• Act through non-action. • 3.大巧若拙。
• Great ingenuity appears to be stupidity. • 4.以柔弱胜刚强。
• Overcome the strong by being weak. • 5.不战而屈人之兵。
• Win a war without fighting water. • 6.兼爱。
• Love for all. • 7.上善若水。
• The greatest virtue is like water. • 8.人往高处走，水往低处流。
• Humans tend to seek higher positions. • 9.无欲则刚。
• One is invincible because he desires nothing and contends for nothing. • 10. 返璞归真。
• Return to the state of a newborn baby. Assignment---- translation
• 1. Nature is conquered by obeying her. • 顺应自然方能征服自然。
• 2.He that follows nature is never out of his way. • 按自然规律办事的人绝不会迷失方向。
• 3.The drop of rains makes a hole in the stone, not by violence, but by the frequency of falling.
• 滴水穿石，非蛮力所致，皆因坚持不懈。
Unit 3 Sunzi’s Art of War: Source for All Books on War
Assignment –Answer questions
• 1) Why is Sunzi’s Art of War regarded as the greatest among so many books on war?
• Sunzi’s Art of War is regarded as the greatest among so many books on war because it excels over the other books in terms of strategy design, philosophical grounding and in tactical application. • 2) What did Sunzi mean by “treachery”? • By “treachery” Sunzi meant that deceiving the enemy with false impressions. • 3) Why is “ Winning a war without fighting it” advocated by Sunzi? • “ Winning a war without fighting it” is advocated by Sunzi because he wanted to avoid large-scale killing and destruction.
• 4) According to Sunzi’s dialectical thinking. What should commanders consider?
• According to the dialectical thinking of Sunzi, commanders should consider gains and losses from both positive and negative sides.
• 5) Suppose our troops have strength similar to the enemy troops, how can
we win an absolute advantage over the enemy?
• Suppose our troops have the similar strength with the enemy troops, we can win an absolute advantage over the enemy by dispersing the enemy troops. • 6)What does Sunzi’s Art of War begin and end with?
• Sunzi’s Art of War begins and ends with warnings against war. • 7)What are the first three countries that published the translation of Sunzi’s Art of War?
• The first three countries that published the translation of Sunzi’s Art of War are Japan, Republic of Korea and France. Assignment-careful reading
• 2) The word “treachery” in Sunzi’s Art of War is closest in meaning to________ . • A. deception • B. betrayal • C. preaching • D. irritation • A
• 3) The strategy of the lowest level in a war is to _______ . • A. use different strategies
• B. frustrate the diplomacy of the enemy • C. attack the army of the enemy • D. attack the city of the enemy • D
• 4) From Sunzi’s warning, we can infer that sometimes a war could be declared just because __________ .
• A. one country was under attack from another
• B. the king or emperor just wanted to invade another country • C. the ruler was irritated for the time being • D. the commander and general had a bad temper • C
Assignment- translation • 1) 先计而后战
• Planning before going to war. • 2) 知己知彼，百战不殆。
• One can fight and win a hundred wars if one knows both oneself and the enemy. • 3) 兵以诈立。
• The army survives by treachery.
• 4）利而诱之，乱而取之，实而备之，强而避之，怒而挠之，卑而骄之，佚而劳之，亲而离之。
• Tempt the enemy with gains, attack the enemy when they are in disorder, be prepared for the enemy when they are equal in strength, avoid the enemy when they are stronger, aggravate the enemy when they are angry, cause the enemy to become arrogant when they are prudent, tire the enemy when they are at rest, sow discord among the enemy when they are united. • 5) 攻其无备，出其不意。
• • • • •
Attack the enemy at an unexpected time and place. 6) 不战而屈人之兵。
Winning a war without fighting it. 7) 乱生于治，怯生于勇，弱生于强。
Chaos compares with order, cowardice with bravery, and weakness with strength.
• 8) 兵者，国之大事，死生之地，存亡之道。
• The use of force is a matter of life or death for the soldiers, the people and the country.
Unit 4 Chinese Characters: Poetic Symbols
Assignment:
• 1) Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters?
• A. Aspiration. B. Imagination. C. Creativity. D. Allusion.
• 2) Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan University? • A. The characters both stand for “the sun rising on the horizon”. • B.The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem.
• C. The name encourages the students to get up early in the morning.
• D. The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress day by day.
• 3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures? • A) Mandarin Chinese.
• B) Hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt. • C) Oracle-bone inscription. • D) Seal characters.
• 4) The symbol for “ swimming” is closed to __________________ . • A) oracle-bone inscription • B) mandarin Chinese • C) seal characters • D) none of the above
• 5) The symbol for “athletics” contains the ingredients of __________. • A) dancing and running • B) running and swinging • C) dancing and swinging • D) triathlon and football • 1) A 2) D3) B 4) C5) A
• 2. Find from the passage the English interpretations of the following characters containing 日as an element. Characters Interpretations
1) 旦 2）朝 The sun rising on the horizon The morning sun rising and shining over the flowing river 3）暮 4）明 The sun setting into a forest The moon shining through the window Unit 5 The Great Wall
Assignment--- True or False
1) The construction of the Great Wall took more than 2000 years and involved 19 states.
2) The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect lives and peace from wars.
3) In history, the northern peoples were mostly engaged in farming.
4) The Great Wall provided an effective shelter for the southern troops against the northern cavalry.
5) The Great Wall provided an effective shelter for the southern troops against the northern cavalry.
6) The spirit of the Great Wall is that of “ a common will and concerted effort”.
7) Blockhouses, garrison towns, passes built at strategic points, and beacon towers are mentioned to show the magnificence and variety of the Great Wall. 8) Wangjing Tower is one of the best places to appreciate the beauty of Beijing City. Answer questions
1) How long is the Great Wall at present?
The Great Wall is as long as 6700 kilometers.
2)In which respects is the Great Wall unparalleled?
The Great Wall is unparalleled in its scale and span of construction, as well as in the great quantities of labor and the degree of difficulty involved.
3) What are Su Yat-sen’s quotations used to demonstrate in the passage? Sun Yat-sen’s quotations are used in the text to illustrate the great significance of the Great Wall in the development of Chinese civiliztion. 4) What does “ The Great Wall played a role in a new economic structure” ? A new economic structure refers to the enhancing of agricultural economy in the south and the pastoral economy in the north, and the exchange between the two.
5) What does the Legend of Lady Mengjiang symbolize?
The Legend of Lady Mengjiang symbolizes the sufferings of the people due to the construction of the Great Wall and their hatred for the tyrannical First Emperor of Qin. filling in the table Areas Land/ Soil Climate Production Life Style The North pastoral cold Products of animal husbandry Agricultural products mobile The South
arable warm stable Assignment– English to Chinese 1) 众志成城
Efforts jointed by many can build the Great Wall.
2）由今观之，倘无长城之扞卫，则中国亡于北狄，不待宋明而在楚汉时代矣。如是则中国民族必无汉唐之发展昌大而同化南北之种族也。
Seen from today, if it had not been for the protection of the Great Wall, Chinese civilization would have been interrupted by the northern peoples in the late Qin or early Han dynasties, long before the Song and Ming dynasties. In that case, there would not have been the prosperity of the Han and Tang dynasties, or the integration of southern and northern peoples. 3）把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城。
Build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood.
Unit 6 A silent Army
Assignment--- Answer questions
• 1) What is the significance of the Terracotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin?
• It is not only a great legacy of the First Emperor of Qin’s military might, but also a superb paradigm of ancient Chinese sculpture. • 2) Which of the four pits is the largest? How large is it?
• Pit No. 1 is the largest, with an area of more than 14000 square meters. • 3) What are the four formations in Pit No. 2?
• The four formation in Pit No. 2 are one of archers in the east, one of war chariots to its right, a bigger chariot formation in the middle and a formation of horsemen and saddled horses to the left. • 4) What was Pit No. 3 probably intended as?
• Pit No. 3 was probably intended as headquarters of the left, central and right divisions of the entire army.
• 5) What is the similarity between Pit No.3 and Pit No.4?
• The similarity between Pit No. 3 and Pit No. 4 is that both of them not to have been completed.
• 6) Which aspects of the Terracotta Army impress people deeply?
• What impress people deeply are the impressive size of the army and the masterful craftsmanship of the sculptures. • 7) What is Paragraph 11 mainly about?
• Paragraph 11 is mainly about the detailed description of the sculptures, showing how vivid they are and how masterful the craftsmanship of the sculptures is.
• 8) How many terracotta horses are there in the three pits? • There are more than 600 terracotta horses in the three pits. Assignment—Careful Reading
• 1) From the passage, we can infer that___
• A. the Terracotta Army was dug out by villagers in Xianyang • B. the archeologists discovered the Terracotta Army by chance • C. the warriors and horses were made of pottery
• D. the Terracotta Army was designed by the First Emperor • 1) C
• 2) Which of the following is NOT found in Pit No. 1? • A. Soldiers. B. Commanders. C. Archers. D. Chariots. • 2) C
• 3) The formation of Pit No. 1 can be divided into _______ main parts. • A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 • 3) B
• 4) One of the differences between Pit No. 2 and Pit No. 1 is that _________. • A. the former has more soldiers than the latter • B. the former has more war chariots than the latter • C. the soldiers hold more modern weapons in Pit No. 2
• D. the war chariot was drawn by horses in the former rather than by soldiers as in the latter. • 4) B
• 5) Which of the following is NOT true about Pit No. 3? • A. It lies to the west of Pit No. 1. • B. It looks like in 凹shape.
• C. It has the least warriors among the four pits. • D. It was not finished probably. • 5) C
• 6) The examples in Paragraph 12 are used to illustrate _________ . • A. how vivid the warriors and horses are
• B. how impressive the size of the Terracotta Army is • C. what kind of suits people wore at that time • D. how attentive the soldiers were • 6) A
• 7) What is implied but not stated in Paragraph 12? • A. Each of the archer’s hair was tied in a knot. • B. The bows and arrows were preserved underground. • C. The archers were waiting for the order to shoot.
• D. The Archer were in the half-squatting and half-kneeling posture. • 7) C
• 8) The sculpture of the horses are made to seem _________. • A. alert B. gentle C. fierce D. handsome • 8) A
Assignment—translate into English
• 1) 军阵 1) battle formation
• • • • • • • • • 2） 前锋 2） the front echelon 3） 指挥官 3） commander 4） 铠甲 4） armor
5） 后卫 5） rear guard 6） 战车 6） chariot 7） 弓箭手 7） archer 8） 骑兵 8） horseman 9） 步兵 9）foot soldier 10） 总指挥部 10） headquarters
Unit 7 Peking Opera: Artistry of performers
Exercises
I.Skimming and Scanning
Go through the passage quickly and judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
______1) Peking Opera masks have been regards as a symbol of Chinese culture by
many countries.
______2) The beauty of Peking Opera lies in the diverse colors of Peking Opera
masks.
______3) One purpose of Peking Opera masks is to help people learn about the
characters of the roles.
______4) The example of Zhang Fei is to show how varied the designs of Peking Opera
masks are.
______5) In appreciating Peking Opera, the plot of the story may not be the most
important.
______6) The most important aspect of Peking Opera performance lies in the singing. ______7) Acting and fighting help propel the development of the story. ______8) Each Peking Opera gives prominence only to one or two actors.
______9) The virtual movements and virtual settings in Peking Opera are efficient
because the actors’ performance offsets the drawback.
______10) Viewers of Peking Opera go to the theater mainly to watch the famous
actors.
______11) The old Peking Opera are not so popular as the new ones because the viewers
cannot feel the excitement.
______12) When appreciating Peking Opera, the audience can see three characters:
the actor and the two roles being performed.
______13) Mei Lanfang, Chen Yanqiu, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng are the four
most famous Peking Opera performers in China.
______14) Mei Lanfang played the role of a pretended mad woman in King Chu Bids Farewell to His Concubine.
II. Careful Reading 1. Reading the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1) Why is Chinese cuisine mentioned in the first part?
A. To show the great influence of Chinese culture on the world.
B. To demonstrate the popularity of Chinese food all over the world.
C. To introduce another impressive form of Chinese culture, Peking Opera.
D. To indicate that Peking Opera is as impressive as Chinese food to foreigners. 2) According to the article, what mask should the actor of Qin Hui wear in Peking Opera?
A. A red one. B. A black one.
C. A white one. D. One in the shape of a butterfly. 3) The word “evocative” is closest in meaning to _________.
A. convincing B. imaginative C. stimulating D. suggestive 4) Which of the following statements is true of Peking Opera? A. The real charm of Peking Opera is created by the actors. B. The actors usually stand at the center of the stage. C. There must be famous arias in any Peking Opera.
D. Speaking is designed to attract the audience’s attention.
5) Which of the following is mentioned as involved with acting and fighting? A. Eye contract. B. Kung fu. C. Aerobatics. D. Gymnastics. 6) What is implied but not stated about the setting of Peking Opera? A. The setting is all virtual without any real props. B. The setting of the stage is very complex. C. One prop can serve different purposes.
D. Actors are in charge of changing the stage setting.
7) According to the examples, the benefits of virtual movements and settings are that _______.
A. they save the cost of the performance
B. they save the labor force of changing the stage
C. actors have more room on the stage for their performance D. They highlight the actors’ performance
8) What can we learn about Peking Opera through the saying “watching a play is watching famous actors”?
A. The viewers go to the theater to see the actors instead of the play. B. The famous actors are good-looking and perform well.
C. The actors are good at all of the four basic aspects of Peking Opera. D. The performances of the actors are as important as the play itself.
9) Which of the following is the distinct feature of watching a Peking Opera as compared with seeing a film?
A. The Peking Opera theatergoers pay more attention to the roles.
B. The Peking Opera theatergoers applaud from time to time while watching a performance.
C. The audience of a film applaud when a person performing stunts.
D. The audience of a film value the beauty of the craft so that they ignore the world of imagery.
10) Which of the following is NOT true about Mei Lanfang? A. He wrote some plays for Peking Opera. B. He created various dances. C. He composed many new melodies.
D. He enriches Peking Opera by introducing erhu.
2. Put the following into English by referring to the passage, 1) 唱：唱腔/唱腔、曲调 2) 念：独白、对白
3) 做和打：身段、眼神、独舞、群舞、剑舞、绸舞、袖舞、拂尘舞、武术、杂技
3. Matching the following English names of Peking Operas on the left with the Chinese translations on the right.
______1) Picking up the Jade Bracelet a..《贵妃醉酒》 ______2) King Chu Bids Farewell to His Concubine. b.《宇宙锋》 ______3) At the crossroad c.《拾玉镯》 ______4) Autumn River d.《三岔口》 ______5) The Drunken Concubine e.《霸王别姬》 ______6) The Lance of the Universe f.《穆桂英挂帅》 ______7) Women General Mu Guiying g.《秋江》 Answers
Comprehension I.1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) T 9) T 10) T 11) F 12) T 13) F 14) F II.
1. 1)C 2)C 3) D 4)A 5) B 6）C 7) D 8) D 9) B 10) A 2. 1) singing: aria, melody 2) speaking: monolog, dialog
3) acting and fighting: body movement, eye movement, solo dance, group dance, sword dance, silk dance, sleeve dance, duster dance, martial arts, acrobatics 3. 1) c 2) e 3) d 4) g 5) a 6) b 7) f
Unit 8 A Variety of Splendid Folk Arts
Assignment I. Comprehension
Go through the passage quickly and fill in the following table. Name History Typical Uses or Example(s) TechniqueProducing Areas Importance s Cloisonné New Year Pictures Papercuts Embroidery Shadow Play II.
Careful Readi
ng
1. Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions briefly.
1) What are the characteristics of the cloisonné products during Chenghua reign? 2) How many steps of the cloisonné production are mentioned?
3) Why the quality of the cloisonné products after Qing Dynasty could not match that of the earlier ones?
4) What wishes are often conveyed by the designs of New Year pictures? 5) What is the distinctive feature of Yangliuqing New Year pictures? 6) What are the main themes of Taohuawu New Year pictures? 7) What are Taohuawu New Year pictures famous for?
8) Why some craftspeople even do not set their eyes on what they are doing while doing people-cutting?
9) What are needed for paper cutting?
10) What are the four famous types of embroidery? 11) Why can Suzhou embroidery stand out?
12) How did Chinese shadow play influence Charlie Chaplin? 13) What are the five roles in a “ Five-person Event”?
2. Put the following into English by referring to the passage. 1) 清朝景泰蓝寿意瓶 2）《连年有余》 3）《母子图》 4）《百鸟朝凤》 5）《影之舞》
3. The following are the images in the designs of folk arts works mentioned in the passage. Translate them into Chinese and explain their symbolic meanings. 1) the nine peaches and bats 2) a cute plump baby 3) a big carp
4) a bouquet of lotus flowers
5) The mother with a fan in hand is calling out to her plump son. Answers
I.Comprehension ：Go through the passage quickly and fill in the following table. Name History Typical Uses or Example(s) TechniqueProducing Areas Importance s Cloisonné from the Beijing Jingtai reign of the Ming Dynasty valuable collection, ornaments for daily use an indispensable part of New Year celebration for each a Qing-dynasty cloisonné vase with a peach-and-bat design bronze art, porcelain, carving, and other types of folk arts Yangliuqing style: xylograph overprinting combined with hand-painted New Year Pictures not mentioned Yangliuqing in the southwestern outskirts of Tianjin; Taohuawu in Surlpus in Successive Years; Mother and Son Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province and every household color; Taohuawu style: traditional techniques of watercolor block printing Papercuts a history Xi’an of nearly 1,000 years put on the windows or pasted on lanterns joyous baby images or beautiful butterflies Embroidery Shadow Play One Hundred Birds Worship the Phoenix; Portrait of an Italian Queen more than Huaxian County an The Dance “movies 2,000 of Shanxi important of Shadows art” with a history Suzhou, of Guangdong, several Hunan, Sichuan thousand years used to adorn clothes, quilts and pillowcases, or as an ornament years ago Province entertainment at festivals the accompaniment of human voice a piece of red paper is folded and then cut several times fine close stitches, done with one or two types of silk thread and hair-thin needles II. 1.Cloisonné: Artifacts with the Gleam of Precious Gems 1) The cloisonné product
s during Chenghua reign looked heavy and dignified yet vivid.
2) Six steps of cloisonné production are mentioned : making of the copper cast, filigree, stippling blue, heating, burnishing, and gilding.
3) Because of overproduction and the uneven skills of craftspeople, the quality of the cloisonné products after Qing Dynasty could not match that of the earlier ones.
4) The designs of New Year pictures usually convey people’s wishes for good fortune, auspiciousness and festivity.
5) The distinctive feature of Yangliuqing New Year pictures is “half printing, half painting”.
6) The themes of Taohuawu New Year pictures are mostly from the paintings of literati and folk stories.
7) Taohuawu New Year pictures are famous for its pure and attractive images of women.
8) Some craftspeople even do not set their eyes on what they are doing while doing paper-cutting because they are so skilled at this folk art that they can do it like doing magic tricks.
9) In paper cutting, paper and a pair of scissors are needed.
10) The four famous types of embroidery are Suzhou, Guangdong, Hunan, and Sichuan embroidery.
11) Suzhou embroidery can stand out because Suzhou is abundant in silk and people here are meticulous at their needlework.
12) Charlie Chaplin was inspired by Chinese shadow play when he made his legendary silent films.
13) The five roles in a “Five-person Event” are the qiansheng, the qianshou, the zuocao, the shangdang, and the xiadang.
2.1) A Qing-dynasty cloisonné vase with a peach-and-bat design 2) Surlpus in Successive Years 3) Mother and Son 4) One Hundred Birds Worship the Phoenix 5) The Dance of Shadows 3. 1) 九桃与蝙蝠 2）可爱的胖娃娃 3）大鲤鱼 4）一束莲花
5）母亲拿着扇子，招呼着窗外的儿子
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