考英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The UNESCO World Heritage List is a prestigious honour awarded to sites of
outstanding universal value around the world. Did you know there are 1,157 UNESCO World Heritage Sites spanning across 167 countries? We’ve picked out our top 4 for you to visit below.
The Acropolis, Greece
The Acropolis is an ancient castle that stands proud in the Greek city of Athens. Back in the fifth century BC after battle with the Persians, the plans of Pericles came to life under the influence of Pheidias, the sculptor. It then became a place for thought and art to flourish, where symbols of classical spirit and civilisation came alive.
Historic centre of Rome, Italy
According to Roman mythology, the Eternal City was founded in 753 BC and became the capital of the mighty Roman Empire. Rome is home to a number of attractions including the Forum, the Pantheon and the Colosseum! This World Heritage site contains the whole historic centre within the city walls and reflects the influence of the Renaissance and Baroque periods in making it one of Italy’s most popular cities.
Ayutthaya Historical Park, Thailand
The historic city of Ayutthaya in Thailand was founded around 1350 and was
subsequently destroyed in the 18th century by the Burmese. What’s left today is the ruins and some key highlights include the Buddhist temples of Wat Ratchaburana, Wat Mahathat and Wat Phra Sri Sanphet. The area is home to the remains of tall prang (reliquary towers) and should not be missed.
Cultural landscape of Bali, Indonesia
The landscape in Bali is unlike anything else on Earth. Consisting of five rice terraces (梯田) and water temples covering 19,500 hectares, the cultural landscape takes your breath away. This site gains honour through an ancient farming ceremony dating back to the 9th century known as subak. This concept reflects the spirit, the human world and nature, also known as Tri Hita Karana.
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1．What might have happened in Greece in the 5th century BC?A．Greece became famous for its castles.C．Greece fought against Persians.2．What is subak?A．A rice terrace.
B．A cultural landscape.D．An agricultural ceremony.
3．Which of the following has the longest history?A．The Acropolis.Karana.
B．The Eternal City.
C．Ayutthaya.
D．Tri Hita C．A water temple.
B．Pheidias became a sculptor.D．The Greek spirit disappeared.
A girl of 12 has raised more than £8,000 for a cancer charity by running three kilometres every day for a year in honour of her grandad. Emily Talman, of Birkenhead, Merseyside, was inspired by the Daily Mirror’s “Pride of Britain Awards” to take on the challenge. She started running on November 8 last year after Grandad Pete Talman recovered from prostate (前列腺) cancer.
Emily said she did it for all grandads. She added: “I remember watching the ‘Pride of Britain Awards’ last year, when my grandad was better, and I wanted to do something to help other families who are going through what we did.”
Pete, 69, was diagnosed with cancer in 2019. He had successful surgery to remove his prostate the following July. “My grandad always told me, ‘Never give up, never give in’ and that’s what I’ve told myself during my challenge. I feel like the luckiest girl in the world to still have him in my life.”
Emily had to face all weather for her runs. But she said thinking about families who have lost loved ones to cancer kept her going. The determined schoolgirl, who has three sisters, added, “I always think about the people who can’t be with their grandad, dad, uncle, or brother because of prostate cancer.”
Liverpool fan Emily even made time on Christmas Day and her 12th birthday on August 15 for her runs. She plans to “have a little break from running” but hopes to complete 100 more days every year in the future to keep spreading awareness of prostate cancer.
Parents Ricky Talman and Stacey Williams told of their pride in her. Ricky said, “It was a tough challenge but she’s just been a warrior and everyone in the family is so proud of her.”4．What does Emily run for?
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A．The family’s dream.C．Her education funds.
B．A meaningful cause.D．Her physical health.
5．What motivated Emily to do something for all grandads?A．A TV program.C．Her terrible disease.
6．What is Emily’s plan for the future?
A．To commit to spreading awareness of running.B．To get down to promoting her academic performance.C．To run about 1/3 year for cancer charity.D．To take on a tougher challenge to prove herself.7．Which of the following can best describe Emily?A．Lovely and innocent.C．Considerate and talkative.
B．Proud and humorous.D．Caring and determined.B．A prize awarded to her.D．Her grandad’s words.
A research team led by the University of Göttingen has shed new light on the importance of plant roots for belowground life, particularly in the tropics (热带).
Millions of small creatures working hard in a single hectare of soil including earthworms, springtails, mites, insects, and other arthropods (节肢动物) are crucial for decomposition and soil health. For a long time, it was believed that leaf litter is the primary resource for these animals. However, this recent study is the first to provide proof that resources from plant roots drive soil animal communities in the tropics.
The researchers divided plots (地块) within natural ecosystems and separated the plots from accessing plant roots with a plastic barrier. Their study included rainforest, as well as both rubber and oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. They removed all dead leaves, the main resource of decomposer animals, from other experimental plots to compare them.
They found that without living roots, animal abundance in the rainforest plots decreases by 42 percent and in plantations by 30 percent. By contrast, removing the dead leaves has almost no effect on the animals in the underlying soil, but decreased the total animal abundance (in the soil and dead leaves) by 60 percent in rainforest and rubber plantations due to physical litter removal.
The study also revealed that living roots are especially important for the smaller soil animals, such as mites and springtails. Interestingly, after adding artificial plastic leaves in oil
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palm plantations, abundance of some animal groups-such as prostigmata-increased, highlighting that improving habitat structure can promote soil food networks and the services they provide.“The study provides new perspectives for the management of the resources provided by plant litter in tropical plantations, contributing to soil animal biodiversity. This is important to develop sustainable agricultural landscapes in the tropics,” says Professor Stefan Scheu, head of the Animal Ecology Working Group at the University of Göttingen.8．What role do arthropods play in the tropics?A．Making soil healthy.C．Feeding other animals.B．Slowing global warming.D．Providing nutrition for plants.9．Why were dead leaves removed from some plots?A．To make room for crops.C．To improve the soil condition.B．To keep the plots clean.D．To make comparisons.10．Which of the following may affect the animal abundance of a plot?A．Variety of plants.plants.11．According to Stefan, what matters to sustainable agricultural landscapes?A．Biodiversity of soil animals.C．Resources provided by animal waste.B．Habitat structure of living things.D．New perspectives of managementB．Roots of plants.C．Height of plants.D．Quantities of A Finnish study coordinated by the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku shows that accumulated adverse (不利的) psychosocial factors in childhood are associated with worse midlife learning and memory, and specifically child’s self-regulation and social adjustment.Along with aging population, the problem of cognitive deficits (缺陷) is growing. Thus, revealing the role of various exposures beginning from childhood is important in order to bring tools for cognitive health promotion. An adverse psychosocial environment in childhood may harm cognitive development, but the associations for adulthood cognitive function remain obscure. Results from a longitudinal (纵向的) Finnish study show that unfavorable childhood psychosocial factors may be linked to poorer learning and memory in midlife.“Previous evidence on adverse psychosocial factors and cognitive outcomes comes from 试卷第4页，共10页
short-term studies focusing on single psychosocial factor or adversity. This study is a prospective longitudinal study focusing on the associations between multiple childhood psychosocial factors and adulthood cognitive function,” says Doctoral Researcher Amanda Nurmi from the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku and Turku University Hospital.
Cognitive performance was measured at the age of 34-49. Of over 2,000 participants with cognitive function data, 1,191 also had complete data on childhood psychosocial factors. Socioeconomic and emotional environment, parental health behaviours, stressful events, self-regulation, and social adjustment were questioned in the baseline. The results suggest that accumulation of unfavorable psychosocial factors in childhood may associate with poorer cognitive function in midlife. Specifically, poor self-regulatory behavior and social adjustment in childhood are associated with poorer learning ability and memory approximately 30 years later.
“The results of our study can be employed to develop targeted interventions directed towards those families with accumulated negative psychosocial factors. Interventions towards promoting a better psychosocial environment in childhood might have carry-over associations on cognitive function and thus be reflected also in future generations through parenting attitudes,” Nurmi says.
12．What is the purpose of revealing the role of various exposures from childhood?A．To provide data for scientific research.environment.
C．To find means to improve cognitive health.D．To stress the importance of surroundings.
13．Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 2?A．Obvious.
B．Secure.
C．Efficient.
D．Unclear.
B．To record children’s growth
14．What does Amanda Nurmi mainly talk about in paragraph 3?A．The disadvantages of the previous studies.B．The number of participants in the new study.C．The findings of the new study and the old ones.D．The difference between the new study and the old ones.15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Poor family, hard social adjustment.
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B．Tough childhood, memory problem later.C．With people aging, cognitive deficits growing.D．Adverse surroundings, strong character forming.
二、七选五
Everyone wants to live a healthier life and be happy. Learning how to live better and feel more positive about the world around you can help you live a happy and meaningful life.Think positively. This does not mean that you ignore the bad or unpleasant things in life. It simply means that you approach every situation in life, both good and bad, with a positive outlook and a productive mindset. ____16____, try to identify the things you think negatively about, and recognize why. Or you can evaluate your thoughts and feelings throughout the day.____17____. Determine what you value most. Everyone has things that are important in life, but what do you ultimately value above all else? Don’t think about physical, tangible things. Instead, focus on those in your life that will give your life a sense of meaning and purpose.Manage stress in your life. You cannot avoid stressful situations, but you can find ways to relieve your stress. You can use relaxation techniques, such as meditation, visualization, tai chi, yoga, and deep breathing. ____18____.Eat a healthy diet. ____19____ It’s not enough to avoid bad foods. You should also be getting vitamins and nutrients from all of the major food groups, and avoiding overeating or under-eating.Cultivate a healthy lifestyle. ____20____, it’s important to live a healthy and active lifestyle. How well you care for your body in your early and middle years can greatly influence your health later in life.A．Find purpose in your lifeB．To start thinking more positivelyC．Make up your mind to changeD．In addition to eating a healthy dietE．Try to find the negative aspects of positive situationsF．What you eat can have a huge impact on how you feel试卷第6页，共10页
G．Try to maintain a positive attitude, even in stressful situations
三、完形填空In 2018, visually impaired (视障) Berru Merve Kul from Kocaeli, Turkey received her law degree from the University of Sakarya. Without the loving ____21____ of her mother, Havva Kul, who read Berru Merve’s lecture notes ____22____ through four years of law school, this achievement would not have been ____23____.Havva read all the books and lecture notes, as well as ____24____ her visually impaired daughter with her homework. When Berru Merve ____25____ with a degree in law at age 22, the staff at Sakarya University ____26____ Havva to the stage as well. This was the university’s way of ____27____ their gratitude and appreciation to Havva as the school had no facilities or resources for visually impaired students. Havva made a(n) ____28____ to ensure that her daughter would graduate from law school.The ____29____ help of her mother allowed the visually impaired law student to _____30_____ barriers to finishing her degree. Havva stayed by her side every day to _____31_____ attend to all her daughter’s needs. Upon Berru Merve’s graduation, the university acknowledged Havva’s dedication and commitment by _____32_____ her an honorary law degree. Professor Bilen, Dean of the Faculty of Law of Sakarya University, _____33_____ Havva for managing to open doors and create a better _____34_____ for her daughter. There is nothing more _____35_____ than family and friends who show unconditional love to relatives with disability, including the visually impaired.21．A．supply22．A．proudly23．A．apparent24．A．assisted25．A．approached26．A．adapted27．A．extending28．A．deal29．A．invaluable30．A．avoidB．adviceB．patientlyB．possibleB．loadedB．appearedB．forcedB．evaluatingB．effortB．formalB．predictC．methodC．eagerlyC．persuasiveC．amusedC．returnedC．invitedC．recordingC．changeC．distinctC．overcomeD．supportD．publiclyD．meaningfulD．treatedD．graduatedD．assignedD．comparingD．appointmentD．inaccurateD．tolerate试卷第7页，共10页
31．A．occasionally32．A．awarding33．A．ignored34．A．career35．A．convenient
B．personallyB．sellingB．comfortedB．futureB．familiar
C．conditionallyC．lendingC．praisedC．dreamC．interesting
D．mentallyD．bookingD．promotedD．mannerD．inspiring
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Shao Bolin (1930-2023) is recognized ____36____ a legend in design that created and oversaw iconic postage stamps. Shao passed away in January. Last week, his former colleagues, friends and relatives held a gathering ____37____ (remember) him and recall his anecdotes (轶事). Shao had a vivid ____38____ (imagine), as well as the spirit to reform the outlook of Chinese stamp design, and worked hard in design.Shao designed more than 100 stamps, many of ____39____ are still highly sought after among collectors. One highly sought-after stamp, the “Golden Monkey Stamp”, ____40____ (issue) in 1980 to celebrate the Year of the Monkey. China Post produced several remarkable stamps with the help of Shao and other artists, thus ____41____ (make) more people learn about these artists and their work.Xin, a son of Shao Bolin and a designer in his own right, says his father was interested in different aspects of art like photography. ____42____ he did not own a camera because he was living a frugal life back in the 1980s, Shao became ____43____ amateur photographer. And he ____44____ (eventual) purchased one in 1991, the year he retired.“My father was down-to-earth and low-key. He believed in hard work. He always said to us that knowledge and abilities were _____45_____ helped a person find themselves a place in the world.”五、开放性作文
46．假定你是李华，三月为“学雷锋，做好事”活动月，你校组织了许多志愿者活动。请你写一篇短文，向英语校刊投稿。内容包括：
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1. 介绍你校志愿者活动；2. 呼吁更多人学雷锋。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Learn from Lei Feng and do good deeds
March 5th is Learning from Lei Feng Day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eleven-year-old Kristina shouted on the phone. Vera, her mother, packing lunches for her two children, heard the shouting and dashed to Kristina. Kristina gave her the phone. Kristina was talking to her father at his doctor’s office in Moscow, Russia.
“Vlad, why is Kristina shouting?” began Vera in Russian.
“Vera, this afternoon I must attend a conference at her school. But I cannot be there. I have an important meeting. Why don’t you attend it?” Vlad replied.
\"How can I go?”
“You are not going to a forest. You’ll be fine!”
“I know, but I can’t speak English properly. It’s a rule at her school.”“You can manage. GO!”
Vera turned to Kristina, “Kristina, your father is busy. I will come instead of him.”Kristina shouted, “Mother, you can’t speak English. How can you come to the conference? NO!” She plowed through her mother and ran sobbing. But Vera convinced Kristina. As there was no option, she agreed and left for school.
Vera was depressed. She felt that if only she knew English, she could avoid such situations. But “how is it possible for me to learn English while balancing so many tasks?”
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Suddenly, she realized that Andrei was getting late, so she got him ready and walked him to school.
In the afternoon, Vera attended the conference at the school. All the teachers and staff gave a warm welcome to Vera. Kristina kept quieting her mother. All she said were phrases like, “You are embarrassing!” “Stop talking!” and “You do not know English!” Ignoring her daughter’s comments, Vera managed to keep her cool and finished the meeting.
After delivering a cake to a customer, Vera went home to start dinner. At home, she asked her mother-in-law where Kristina was. She said that Kristina had gone to study with her friends. While they were talking, Kristina walked in.
Vera asked, “Why did you go out? You can study at home, you know!”
“I have doubts about English Literature. Can YOU clarify them?” Kristina said in an arrogant (傲慢的) tone.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At dinner, Vera complained about Kristina’s behavior to Vlad.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, she saw an advertisement from LCC, The London Language Center, on the TV.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个联合国教科文组织世界遗产：希腊的雅典卫城，意大利罗马的永恒之城，泰国大城府历史公园以及印尼巴厘岛的文化景观。
1．推理判断题。根据文章The Acropolis, Greece部分内容“Back in the fifth century BC after battle with the Persians, the plans of Pericles came to life under the influence of Pheidias, the sculptor.(公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，伯里克利的计划在雕刻家菲迪亚斯的影响下得以实现。)”可知，公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，才实现了伯里克利的计划，由此可推知，公元前5世纪，希腊与波斯之间有可能发生了战争。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Cultural landscape of Bali, Indonesia部分内容“This site gains honour through an ancient farming ceremony dating back to the 9th century known as subak. This concept reflects the spirit, the human world and nature, also known as Tri Hita Karana.(这个地方通过一个古老的农业仪式获得荣誉，这个仪式可以追溯到9世纪，被称为subak。这个概念反映了精神，人类世界和自然，也被称为三希塔卡拉纳。)”可知，“subak”是一种农业仪式。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章Historic centre of Rome, Italy部分内容“the Eternal City was founded in 753 BC(永恒之城始建于公元前753年)”可知，永恒之城建于公元前753年，是列举出的世界遗产中拥有最长历史的。故选B项。4．B
5．A
6．C
7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的为了纪念祖父，一名12岁的女孩Emily一年来每天跑三公里为一家癌症慈善机构筹集资金的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据首段中的“A girl of 12 has raised more than £8,000 for a cancer charity by running three kilometres every day for a year in honour of her grandad.(一名12岁的女孩为了纪念她的祖父，一年来每天跑3公里，为一家癌症慈善机构筹集了8000多英镑。)”可知，小女孩跑步是为了给一家癌症慈善机构筹集资金，由此可知，她是在做一件有意义的事业。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She added: “I remember watching the ‘Pride of Britain Awards’ last year, when my grandad was better, and I wanted to do something to help other
答案第1页，共11页
families who are going through what we did.”(她补充说：“我记得去年看了‘英国骄傲奖’，当时我的祖父更好，我想做点什么来帮助其他正在经历我们所经历的家庭。)”可知，她看过一个节目“英国骄傲奖”，因此而想做点事情帮助与她们有同样经历的家庭，由此可知，是一个电视节目激励她为所有爷爷们做些事情。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She plans to “have a little break from running” but hopes to complete 100 more days every year in the future to keep spreading awareness of prostate cancer.(她计划“从跑步中休息一下”，但希望在未来每年多跑100天，以继续传播对前列腺癌的认识。)”可知，Emily希望在未来每年跑大约100天，由此可知，她的计划是为宣传前列腺癌的认识，每年跑大约1/3年。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She added: “I remember watching the ‘Pride of Britain Awards’ last year, when my grandad was better, and I wanted to do something to help other families who are going through what we did.”(她补充说：“我记得去年看了‘英国骄傲奖’，当时我的祖父更好，我想做点什么来帮助其他正在经历我们所经历的家庭。)”可知，她受所看节目的影响，要为那些与她们有同样经历的人做些什么，由此可知，她是个有爱心的人；根据“Parents Ricky Talman and Stacey Williams told of their pride in her. Ricky said, “It was 尾段中的
a tough challenge but she’s just been a warrior and everyone in the family is so proud of her.”( 父母瑞奇·塔尔曼和斯泰西·威廉姆斯谈到了他们为她感到骄傲。里奇说:“这是一个艰难的挑战，但她就是一个战士，家里的每个人都为她感到骄傲。”)”可知，她的家人认为这是很具挑战性的事情，而Emily是个战士，所以家人为他感到自豪，由此可知，她是个意志坚定的人。故选D项。8．A
9．D
10．B 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现植物根系的资源驱动了热带地区的土壤动物群落，对地下的生物很重要。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Millions of small creatures working hard in a single hectare of soil including earthworms, springtails, mites, insects, and other arthropods (节肢动物) are crucial for decomposition and soil health.(数百万的小生物在一公顷的土壤中辛勤工作，包括蚯蚓、弹尾虫、螨虫、昆虫和其他节肢动物，它们对土壤的分解和土壤的健康至关重要)”可知，土壤中的小生物对分解土壤和土壤健康至关重要，所以节肢动物在热带地区扮演着使土壤健康的角色。故选A项。
答案第2页，共11页
9．“They removed all dead leaves, the main resource of decomposer 细节理解题。根据第三段中的animals, from other experimental plots to compare them.(他们从其他试验田移走了所有的枯叶，以进行比较，枯叶是分解动物的主要来源)”可知，移除地块中的所有枯叶是为了进行比较。故选D项。
10．“They found that without living roots, animal abundance in the 推理判断题。根据第四段中的rainforest plots decreases by 42 percent and in plantations by 30 percent.(他们发现，如果没有活根，雨林地块的动物数量减少了42%，种植园的动物数量减少了30%)”可知，没有活根的地下生物在不同的地块都有不同程度的降低，再根据“By contrast, removing the dead leaves has almost no effect on the animals in the underlying soil, but decreased the total animal abundance (in the soil and dead leaves) by 60 percent in rainforest and rubber plantations due to physical litter removal. (相比之下，清除枯叶对下层土壤中的动物几乎没有影响，但由于物理清除凋落物，雨林和橡胶园的动物总数(土壤和枯叶)减少了60%)”可知，相比之下，去除枯叶对地下动物几乎没有影响，由此可知，影响地块动物丰度的应该是植物的根。故选B项。11．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The study provides new perspectives for the management of the resources provided by plant litter in tropical plantations, contributing to soil animal biodiversity. This is important to develop sustainable agricultural landscapes in the tropics(该研究为热带人工林凋落物资源的管理提供了新的视角，有助于改善土壤动物的生物多样性。这对于发展热带地区的可持续农业景观非常重要)”可知，土壤动物的生物多样化对热带地区发展可持续性农业景观重要的因素，由此可知，土壤动物的多样化对可持续农业景观很重要。故选A项。12．C
13．D
14．D
15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，童年时期的不良心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，特别是影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thus, revealing the role of various exposures beginning from childhood is important in order to bring tools for cognitive health promotion.(因此，揭示从童年开始的各种暴露的作用是重要的，以便为促进认知健康提供工具。)”可知，揭示来自于童年时期的各种接触是为了给提升健康认知提供工具，由此可知，这种做法是为了改善认知健康的方式。故选C项。
13．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“An adverse psychosocial environment in childhood may harm cognitive development(儿童时期不良的社会心理环境可能会损害认知发展)”可知，儿童
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时期的不利的社会心理环境可能损伤认知发展，说明社会心理环境与认知发展是有关系的，再结合but可知，此后的内容与此处应为转折关系，结合选项以及所以划线单词所在的句子“but the associations for adulthood cognitive function remain obscure.(但与成年期认知功能的关联仍然obscure。)”以及下文“Results from a longitudinal (纵向的) Finnish study show that unfavorable childhood psychosocial factors may be linked to poorer learning and memory in midlife.(芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关。)”可知，芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关，并没有涉及到认知功能，由此可推知，儿童时期不良的社会心理环境与成年认知功能的关联是不清楚的，由此可知，该单词的意思是“不清楚的”。故选D项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Previous evidence on adverse psychosocial factors and cognitive outcomes comes from short-term studies focusing on single psychosocial factor or adversity.(先前关于不良社会心理因素和认知结果的证据来自于短期研究，主要关注单一社会心理因素或逆境。)”可知，此处介绍了以前的研究关注的内容，根据下文“This study is a prospective longitudinal study focusing on the associations between multiple childhood psychosocial factors and adulthood cognitive function(本研究是一项前瞻性的纵向研究，旨在探讨多种儿童心理社会因素与成年期认知功能之间的关系)”可知，这是这次研究关注的内容，由此可知，第三段Amanda Nurmi主要是将现在的研究与过去的研究进行了比较，寻求两者之间的不同。故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据首段“A Finnish study coordinated by the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku shows that accumulated adverse (不利的) psychosocial factors in childhood are associated with worse midlife learning and memory, and specifically child’s self-regulation and social adjustment.(由图尔库大学人口健康研究中心协调的一项芬兰研究表明，童年时期积累的不良心理社会因素与中年学习和记忆能力下降有关，特别是儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力下降。)”以及下文对该研究的分析可知，研究发现，儿童时期积累的不利的心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，尤其会影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力，所以本文的标题为“困难的童年，以后的记忆问题”与本文的内容一致，且可以概括全文的主题。故选B项。16．B 17．A 18．G 19．F 20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是学会如何更好地生活以及积极对待周围的世界，答案第4页，共11页
可以帮助人们过上幸福而有意义的生活。
16．根据本段主题句“Think positively.(积极思考。)”可知，本段讲述的是积极地思考，分析此空处坐在的句子结构可知，此空应为非谓语动词短语或者是带有连词的句子，B选项“To start thinking more positively(为了开始更积极地思考)”符合主题内容，且句式结果符合条件。故选B项。
17．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此空处应为祈使句，根据空后的“Determine what you value most.(确定您最看重什么。)”以及“Instead, focus on those in your life that will give your life a sense of meaning and purpose.(相反，把注意力集中在那些能给你的生活带来意义和目的的事情上。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是找到生活的中重要的事情以及那些能给生活带来以及和目的的事情上，A选项“Find purpose in your life(找到生活目标)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合且为祈使句。故选A项。
18．分析语篇可知，此空处应是对该段的总结，根据本段的主题句“Manage stress in your life.(管理好生活中的压力。)”可知，此空处讲述的内容与管理好压力有关系，G选项“Try to maintain a positive attitude, even in stressful situations(即使在有压力的情况下，也要保持积极的态度)”内容与主题一致，且对本段的内容了总结。故选G项。
19．根据本段主题句“Eat a healthy diet.(吃健康的饮食。)”可知，此空处讲述的内容与饮食有关，F选项“What you eat can have a huge impact on how you feel(你吃的东西会对你的感觉产生巨大的影响)”讲述的是你的饮食对你的感受有很大的影响，与主题内容吻合。故选F项。20．分析句子结构可知，此处应为短语或者是带有连词的从句，结合选项可知，只有D选“In addition to eating a healthy diet(除了吃健康的饮食)”符合条件，“Eat a healthy 项且承接了上文diet.(吃健康的饮食。)”的内容，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
21．D 30．C
22．B 31．B
23．B 32．A
24．A 33．C
25．D 34．B
26．C 35．D
27．A 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是在母亲Havva Kul帮助下，患有视力障碍的女儿Berru Merve顺利获得了法学学位，学校为表达对母亲的感激之情，授予名誉法学学位的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(Havva Kul)的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A.
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supply供应；B. advice建议；C. method方法；D. support支持。根据下文中的“Havva read all the books and lecture notes, as well as ____4____ her visually impaired daughter with her homework.”可知，此处指的是母亲对女儿的“帮助”。故选D项。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(Havva Kul)的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A. proudly骄傲地；B. patiently耐心地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. publicly公开地。结合语境可知，她的女儿有视力障碍，所以此处应是“耐心地”给她读课堂笔记。故选B项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(Havva Kul)的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A. apparent明显的；B. possible可能的；C. persuasive有说服力的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文中的“as the school had no facilities or resources for visually impaired students.”可知，大学没有给视力损伤的学生提供便利，要是没有母亲的帮助，毕业是不“可能的”符合语境。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈娃阅读了所有的书籍和课堂笔记，并帮助她视力受损的女儿完成家庭作业。A. assisted援助；B. loaded装载；C. amused使愉快；D. treated对待。根据上文中的“Havva read all the books and lecture notes”以及as well as可知，此处指的是“帮助”符合语境。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当22岁的Berru Merve获得法律学位时，Sakarya大学的工A. approached接近B. appeared出现C. returned回归D. graduated作人员也邀请Havva上台。；；；毕业。根据下文中的“Havva made a(n) ____8____ to ensure that her daughter would graduate from law school.”可知，此处指的是在女儿获得学位“毕业”的时候。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当22岁的Berru Merve获得法律学位时，Sakarya大学的工A. adapted适应，B. forced强迫C. invited邀请D. assigned作人员也邀请Havva上台。改编；；；“This was the university’s way of ____7____ their gratitude and appreciation 分配。根据下文中的to Havva”可知，此处指的是“邀请”母亲Havva上台。故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是学校对Havva表达感谢和感激的方式，因为学校没有为视障学生提供设施和资源。A. extending延伸，提供；B. evaluating评估；C. recording记D. comparing比较。“their gratitude and appreciation to Havva”以及语境可知，录；根据下文中的此处指的是学校为“提供”感谢和感激之情，“extend…to…”意为“向……提供……”符合语境。故选A项。
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28．A. deal交易B. effort考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈娃努力确保她的女儿能从法学院毕业。；努力；C. change改变；D. appointment约会。根据下文中的“to ensure that her daughter would graduate from law school”以及语境可知，母亲应该是“努力”确保自己的女儿从法学院毕业。故选B项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她母亲的宝贵帮助使这位视力受损的法律专业学生克服了障碍，完成了她的学位。A. invaluable无价的，宝贵的；B. formal正式的；C. distinct有区别的；D. inaccurate不准确的。结合语境可知，在女儿视力有损的情况下，母亲对女儿的帮助时“无价的，宝贵的”。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她母亲的宝贵帮助使这位视力受损的法律专业学生克服了障碍，完成了她的学位。A. avoid避免；B. predict预测；C. overcome克服；D. tolerate忍受。“barriers to finishing her degree”可知，“克根据下文的能够获得学位对视力有损的人来说应该是服”障碍符合语境。故选C项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：哈娃每天都陪在她身边，亲自照顾女儿的一切需要。A. occasionally偶然；B. personally个人地，亲自地；C. conditionally有条件地；D. mentally精神上地。根据上文中的“Havva stayed by her side every day”可知，母亲每天陪在身边，应该是“亲自地”符合语境。故选B项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Berru Merve毕业时，哈佛大学授予Havva荣誉法律学位，以表彰她的奉献和承诺。A. awarding颁奖；B. selling售卖；C. lending外借；D. booking预订。根据上文中的“the university acknowledged Havva’s dedication and commitment”可知，为了表示对母亲的奉献和承诺的认可，应该是“授予”她荣誉法律学位。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨卡雅大学法学院院长Bilen教授称赞Havva为她的女儿打开了大门，创造了一个更美好的未来。A. ignored忽略；B. comforted安慰；C. praised表扬；D. promoted促进。“for managing to open doors and create a better ____14____ for 根据下文中的her daughter”可知，此处表示由于Havva为她的女儿打开了大门，法学院院长Bilen教授“称赞”她的举动符合语境。故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡雅大学法学院院长Bilen教授称赞Havva为她的女儿打开了大门，创造了一个更美好的未来。A. career职业生涯；B. future未来；C. dream梦想；D. manner方式。根据上文中的“managing to open doors and create a better”以及语境可知，母亲成功的打开一扇大门以及创造了更好的是“未来”。故选B项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比家人和朋友对残疾的亲人，包括视障人士无条
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件的爱更鼓舞人心的了。A. convenient便利的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. interesting有趣的；D. inspiring令人鼓舞的。结合语境可知，母亲为确保自己有视力障碍的女儿能顺利大学毕业而“鼓舞人心的”符合语境。无条件帮助女儿，最后获得成功，这样无条件的爱应该是故选D项。
36．as 37．to remember 38．imagination 43．an
39．which 40．was issued 45．what
41．making
42．Though/Although/While 44．eventually
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是邮票设计界的传奇人物邵柏林的成就。36．考查介词。句意：邵柏林(1930-2023)被认为是设计界的传奇人物，他创造并监督了标志性的邮票。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法be recognized as意为“被认为是”符合句意。故填as。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，他的前同事、朋友和亲戚举行了一次聚会，纪念他，回忆他的轶事。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式，且表主动意义。故填to remember。
38．考查名词。句意：邵有着丰富的想象力和改革中国邮票设计观的精神，在设计上努力工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，imagine的名词为imagination，且空前有不定冠词a。故填imagination。
39．考查定语从句。句意：邵设计了100多枚邮票，其中许多仍然受到收藏者的高度追捧。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词“more than 100 stamps”指物时，介词之后只能使用which。故填which。
40．考查谓语动词。句意：一九八零年为庆祝猴年而发行的“金猴邮票”广受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1980”可知，此处为一般过去时，与主语“One highly sought-after stamp”为被动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填was issued。41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在邵和其他艺术家的帮助下，中国邮政制作了几张出色的邮票，从而让更多的人了解这些艺术家和他们的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处为故非谓语动词作结果状语，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系且与谓语动词同时发生，所以使用现在分词形式。故填making。
42．考查连词。句意：虽然他在上世纪80年代过着节俭的生活，没有相机，但他成为了一名业余摄影师。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处为让
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步状语从句，引导词意为“尽管”。故填Though/Although/While。
43．考查冠词。句意：虽然他在上世纪80年代过着节俭的生活，没有相机，但他成为了一名业余摄影师。分析句子结构可知，photographer为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处表示泛指概念，所以应使用不定冠词，空后的amateur的首个音素为元音。故填an。
44．考查副词。句意：他最终在1991年，也就是他退休的那一年，买了一台相机。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰动词purchased，eventual的副词为eventually意为“最终”符合句意。故填eventually。
45．考查表语从句。句意：他总是对我们说，知识和能力是帮助一个人在世界上找到自己的位置的。”。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少句子主语，结合句意，此处指的是物，所以使用连接代词what。故填what。
46． Learn from Lei Feng and do good deeds
March 5th is Learning from Lei Feng Day. In order to promote the spirit of Lei Feng and encourage students to do good deeds, our school organized a series of volunteer events in March. First of all, a poem contest was organized, in which students recited poems composed by themselves related to Lei Feng spirit. At weekends, the Students’ Union arranged visits to the Nursing Home nearby, where they did what they could to make the elderly feel happy. Besides, volunteers helped clean the street, which won cleaning staff’s praise.
Lei Feng spirit has inspired generations of Chinese people and I hope an increasing number of students can learn from Lei Feng and extend his spirit.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求作者写一篇短文，向英语校刊投稿，介绍我校“学雷锋，为迎接三月份的做好事”活动月，所组织的志愿者活动，并呼吁更多的人学习雷锋。【详解】1. 词汇积累
鼓励、激励：encourage→inspire比赛：contest→competition
与……有关系：be related to→be linked to此外：besides→in addtion帮助：help→assist2. 句式拓展同义句转换
原句：In order to promote the spirit of Lei Feng and encourage students to do good deeds, our
答案第9页，共11页
school organized a series of volunteer events in March.
拓展句：Our school organized a series of volunteer events in March in order that they could promote the spirit of Lei Feng and encourage students to do good deeds,
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, a poem contest was organized, in which students recited poems composed by themselves related to Lei Feng spirit.（运用了一般过去时的被动语态和以关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 At weekends, the Students’ Union arranged visits to the Nursing Home nearby, where they did what they could to make the elderly feel happy.（运用了以关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句和以连接代词what引导的宾语从句。）
47．At dinner, Vera complained about Kristina’s behavior to Vlad. But he laughed and said, “Well, if you knew English, Kristina would not have to suffer like this.” Then he added, “This food is delicious. At least you are good at something!” That night, Vera was tossing and turning as she thought about her hurt feelings. “Like father, like daughter. If my husband doesn’t respect me, then how can my children respect me? I must learn English. No matter how hard it may be, I must master English,” she thought.
The next day, she saw an advertisement from LCC, The London Language Center, on the TV. They offered English classes to newcomers. Vera called their number and signed up for a four-week course. Every day, she managed to attend the class. She grasped every chance to communicate in English. In the last week, she passed the test and announced the good news to the family in English. Kristina excitedly hugged her and said, “Congratulations, Mum! I am proud of you and sorry for what I said.” Vera smiled happily and felt, “With determination, anything is possible.”【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位不会说英语的俄罗斯母亲Vera，因丈夫工作繁忙，不得已去参加女儿的家长会。家长会要求参加者必须会说英语，所以Vera全程都受到了女儿的无理提醒和轻视。从此，她下定决心学习英语，她参加了英语学习课程，最终通过了考试，得到了女儿的尊重和道歉，也证明了自己的能力。【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“晚餐时，Vera向Vlad抱怨Kristina的行为。”可知，第一段可描写丈夫Vlad也认为Kristina的行为都是因为Vera不会英语所致，由此Vera决心学好英语。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，她在电视上看到LCC，伦敦语言中心的广告。”可知，第二段可描写Vera报名学习英语，并取得了好的成绩，得到了丈夫和女儿的认可和尊重。
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2.续写线索：抱怨女儿行为——丈夫的不认可和不尊重——决心学习英语——看到LCC广告——报名参加——努力学习——通过考试——女儿认可并道歉——感悟。3.词汇激活：行为类
①擅长：be good at/do well in②登记、注册：sign up/register③提供：offer/provide④抓住：grasp/hold情绪类
①尊敬：respect/look up to②高兴地：happily/joyfully
【点睛】【高分句型1】Well, if you knew English, Kristina would not have to suffer like this.（运用了以连词if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气。）
【高分句型2】 No matter how hard it may be, I must master English,” she thought.（运用了以no matter how引导的让步状语从句。）
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