口语辩论

Good morning, everyone we are the objective part. I am debater 1 han . I am debater 2 Jone

We are the negative part. I am debater 1 ding. I am debater 2 Li . 正方立论：

We both sides have to seize this opportunity，to pursue our desires for success. Our opinion - --the opportunity and luck is the key to success. If there is no opportunity, even though you have talent you have not demonstrated vision and the opportunity to stage. Mrs.

Courier said: \"the weak waits for the opportunity the strong creates opportunity‖. We think: Opportunity and Luck are the keys to success! That‘s all, thank you.

反方立论：Our side insists on that hard working is the key to success. It‘s true that hard working and the opportunity are the important factors to success. But we are discussing which is more important. First，seeing from the side of philosophy, the inside factor is the most importance to everything developing. The hard working is the inside factor. Second, seeing from the way to success, we must set up a goal in the first instance, and through the personal hard working, we can hold the opportunity and achieve to success. So we believe the hard working is the key to success. That‘s all, thank you. 自由辩论： 反方:

We believe that success should be the combination of strong spirit and ability. The people without ability even have the best opportunities, he still can not succeed. We can see from the difficult hardships that‖. Super Girls‖ also are not fame overnight. They can‘t be inseparable with their efforts. To look at the students who failed in the college entrance examination, don‘t they have the opportunity? Thank you. 正方：

The hard work can not lead to success. ―Super Girls‖ become famous overnight. They all have strength and work hard during this pried. But if there is no this opportunity \"Super Girls\" competition, they certainly are still unknown to hard work. Can you say that the opportunity and luck is not the key to success? Thank you 反方：

\"No pains，No gains\". I think everyone can understand this simple truth! The people without ability even have the best opportunities, he still can not succeed. If Newton is a farmer, and he has no knowledge, when the apple fall on his head, he may just eat it, what the effect of this opportunity? Thank you 正方：If a person does the meaningless favor without any opportunity and luck, he also is the failure. Opportunity and luck can bring hope of success. Every famous people are successful by opportunity and luck. How can you successful by efforts alone. If you no chance to perform, you will be a very ordinary person for you all lifetime. So the opportunity and luck is the key to success. 自由 反方;

Seen from the normal personal relationships, the opportunities and luck is only result created by people. If we do not fight, the only result is failure instead of the success. 正方：

Bole and horses are our familiar example. Opportunity and luck are the premise of all the other factors. If there are no opportunity and luck, even if you have talent, you can‘t get a stage to show yourself. 反方;

Einstein once said: \"Opportunity only prefers the mind prepared.‖ The countless scientists of the success in history have told us, the people who hard work is easier to success than that who only wants to wait for the opportunity and luck. 正方：

It is clear that success after opportunity and luck. Success is a result, opportunities and luck is the conditions. Since you are successful, the opportunity and luck is Indispensable. 正方总结:

Thank for the well debating of the negative part. We insist on our view that the luck and opportunity is more important than hard working. The hard working is important, but not the key to succeed. When the opportunity is coming, the hard working man or other may catch it and succeed. Hard working can improve the personal ability. It makes us advantages of catching the opportunity. So hard working is for getting the opportunity. It means that there is no opportunity and there will be no success. Our side insist that the luck and opportunity is more important than hard working for success.

Is opportunity and luck more important than hard working ? 开篇陈词

正反一辩：We can't deny the importance of hard work. Both of these elements are very important in determining whether a person is successful or not. But luck brings us opportunities to show the value of our hard work. In this sense, luck is more important than hard work alone.

我们不能否认勤勉的重要性. 两者在决定一个人是否成功时都很重要. 但运气让我们有机会表现出勤勉的价值. 因此运气比勤勉更重要.

On one level, luck means ‘a good material life'. But adversity is also a kind of luck. This kind of luck is not uncertain. Children growing up in adversity will be stronger.

表面看来运气意味着优越的物质生活, 但逆境其实也是一种运气, 这里的运气就是可确定的. 在逆境中成长的孩子往往更坚强. 反方一辩：Good afternoon,my dear teacher .Good afternoon,everyone

I'm the debater one of the negative team,I'll state the view we negative's side hold .It's true that many factors.account for success. Such as hard working ,opportunity , Intelligence and wealth .But we insist firmly on the opinion that one has to study and work before one has a chance of success .the following three aspects can help demonstrate it.

Firstly ,inside factor governs outside factor .Obviously,hard working is the inside factor. That's to say ,hard working precedes opportunity without unbelievable efforts ,opportunity is just castles in the air .secondly ,No Pains ,No Gains ,hard working is the necessary access that leads to success. We know Edison invented bulb ,but we also must know he got the success after thousands of failure .we would stay in the darkness without his hard working .

Thirdly ,In the long run ,without continuous efforts ,success is just a flash in the pan ,only hard working can keep us enjoying the delight of success.

After all, opportunity favors those who are well prepared .So we believe the hard working is more important to success .That's all , thank you

二三辩攻辩环节 反方二辩提问问题：

对正方二辩提问：As we all know shang zhongyong is very intellengent when he was young,but why did he turn out to be an ordinary person?

正方二辩回答：That’s because he as a child didn’t have good teachers to lead him to keep progress,and he lost his way.So he failed in the end.So opportunity is more important.

对反方三辩.提问：could you tell us what makes our country so powful now ? Isn't it hardworking of 130 million people? 正方三辩回答：It’s reform and opening up contribut to Chinese development.In other words,it’s opportunity that matters. 正方攻辩问题及反方做出的答案：

对反方二辩：.你们现在站在这里和我们辩论，你们是靠机遇还是通过自身努力呢？

反方二辩答曰：Of course hard working,We present here are the efforts of at least ten years ,Can you deny the efforts you have paid? Obviously not .So we debate here is due to our hard working

对反方三辩：小胜阳一夜成名不是由于机遇吗？

反方三辩答曰: We can see from the difficult hardships that”xiao shen yang” also is not famous overnight. They can’t be inseparable with their efforts.

We believe that success should be the combination of hard working and opportunity.But hard working is more important. If the people without strong ability even have the best opportunities, he still can not succeed. 自由辩小结 反方2辩：略 正方2辩：略 自由辩论环节 正 3

Many people put a lot of hard work into learning English but very few people like us get the chance and luck to stand on this stage. 许多人下了很多苦功夫学英语但只有少数人能像我们这样能站在舞台上. 反 3

Does it come from luck completely? Did you prepare for your performance? 你获得这个机会是完全靠运气吗? 你之前难道没有好好准备吗? Z 4 Without luck, no matter how much effort you have put in, you cannot succeed. As the famous saying goes: men propose, and god disposes.

没有运气, 无论你下多少苦功夫还是不能成功. 古语说, 谋事在人, 成事在天. F 3 Luck is very necessary but it doesn't mean that it is more important than hard work. Likewise, you couldn't live without food, for food is very necessary. But can you say that food is more important than air?

运气很必要但不代表它比勤勉更重要. 就像食物很必要, 我们少了食物不能活, 但我们能说食物比空气更重要吗? Opportunities are everywhere, but if we don't work hard, even when our chance comes to us, how can we succeed? 生活中充满运气, 但如果不努力, 就算运气来到, 我们怎么成功呢? Z 3 Imagine some guy from the poor countryside and another guy from Beijing. Who is going to get into Peking University more easily? Of course the guy from Beijing, because he needs lower scores in the college entrance exams to get in. That means luck is more important. 设想, 农村来的孩子和北京的相比, 谁更有机会上北京大学? 当然是北京的孩子因为他们的高考录取分数更低. 这也意味着运气比勤勉更重要. F1

Are you telling me that I can stand here doing nothing, just waiting for luck? Is that what you mean by ‘luck is more important than hard work'?

你是在告诉我, 我可以站在这里什么都不做就光等着运气? 那意味着运气比勤勉更重要吗? Take horses and bole for example ,Why do only horses selected By Bole? Z2

But whether the horse is good or bad is inborn.It has nothing to do with its hard-working.Over. 最后总结陈词 正方四辩：

We can imagine life without luck. You could be in a low position in a company, complaining how unlucky you are, and no matter how hard you work, your boss may never think about giving you a promotion. And you have to accept that luck is more important than hard work.

我们可以想像那些没有运气的生活. 也许你在公司只能担任一个小职务, 抱怨着自己有多不幸, 做得再好都得不到老板的提升, 你必须承认运气比勤勉更重要.

In 1992, Frank in Los Angeles made an attempt on the world flagpole-sitting record. When he was eight hours away from the equaling 400 day record, he got a bad cold and failed break it. This shows how luck is more important than hard work.

1992年, 来自洛杉矶的富兰克决心打破坐旗杆的世界纪录. 由于患上感冒,他在还差8小时破400天记录的时候下来了, 最终失败了. 这说明了运气比努力更重要. 反方四辩：If we don't work hard, can we achieve success through luck alone? For example, there may be birds everywhere in a forest, but if the hunter doesn't know how to hunt or doesn't work on his hunting skills, is he going to get any birds?

如果我们不努力, 光靠运气能成功吗? 森林里有很多鸟, 但如果猎人不知道怎么打猎或没有好好练习自己的捕猎技术, 他能捕到鸟吗?

It is one's efforts, not luck, that bring success. Success is not something we can run into by accident. It needs much preparation, patience and hard work. And luck only favors those who help themselves.

使人成功的是一个人的努力而非运气. 成功不是偶然的, 它需要充分的准备, 耐性和勤勉. 运气只钟情那些自助的人.

Luck is something very uncertain. You cannot grasp it. But hard work is something personal and practical that you can control. And luck only comes to those who have prepared well. When luck comes and you have prepared well, you succeed; if you haven't, you have no alternative but to let your opportunity slip away, right?

运气是不确定的, 无法把握的. 但勤勉是主观且实际的, 可以被控制的. 运气只属于那些准备好的人. 当好运来临, 若你已做好准备则成功；若没有准备好, 只能看着运气溜走对么? 此仅为初稿，仅供参考。

Hard life is good for children

In china， with the enforcement（强制） of the birth control policy， most parents have only one child. The parents and grandparents have shown too much love to their only child； the number of spoiled（被宠坏的） children has increased in China. Consequently（必然地）， how to bring up the child becomes a serious problem to many young parents.

The only child has shown complete dependence on the parents. Many five to seven-year-olds still hang（悬挂方式） on their patents in almost every aspect of life， from buttoning cloths to going to the toilet. These children have never learnt to do elementary household chores（家庭杂务）。 Even worse， the only children tend to be ill mannered and self-centered. They often fight over something instead of cooperating together. Parents give them calculators（计算者）， turn on the television and leave the teaching to teachers. Some parents even offer material incentives（鼓励） to reluctant（不情愿的） children to lure（引诱） them to learn and to do something. They are a generation of kids who have never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do things for them.

The key to solving the problem of spoiled（被宠坏的） children lies in correctly educating both children and adult. In my opinion， hard life is good for children. Parents should be used to saying no to the kid， and let a child do hard work. Working hard will give him an opportunity to taste the bitterness quickly. Besides， hard work may enable him to cherish（珍爱） the fruit of the others' labor.

Human society is full of tests and trials. Flowers from a greenhouse（温室） can never withstand a storm. Children who live luxuriously（奢侈地） and comfortably can never become somebody in the future. Besides， to reduce the chance of spoiled children， parents and society must work together. Meanwhile， both primary and nursery（幼儿室） school should step up their efforts in training children.

For women family should come before career

Almost every woman tends to weave the picture of leading a happy life, and they will always cherish the dream till finally get married. Afterwards, bulk of their ardency and pursuit of life is contributed to the realization of what they always longing to. But some day they found the feeling has been changed before knowing, even everything is on their right places that the whole scenery they heave fancied all came into truth—several cute children, a reliable husband and a lovely house with grassy yard. The reason is that they gathered they are nobody. All day long chasing the children seemed the only thing worthwhile to do. The unknown-fury droved them to be desperate. As the problem is deepened, it is argued that women should possess a career after marriage.

More and more American housewives have been to the psychiatrist‘s and noted the no-name problem accompanying the

psychological sequence of being desperate. A mother of four who left college at nineteen to get married has hit the nail on the head, ―…but it doesn‘t leave you anything to think about any feeling of who you are…I begin to feel I have no personality.‖ It is obvious that they felt at loss when sensing that they are nobody of no individuality and no ambitions. And as a whole person, woman should possess the aforementioned characteristics to help keep balance in mind. They still need to be after something to activate youth in heart to which a career is just adept to afford.

Does high-educated women make some exceptions when engaging to be housewives? A young woman, who has a Ph-D in

anthropology, today is a Nebravike housewife with three children revealed in a survey, ―…the American housewife is once again trapped in a squired cage. If the cage is now a modern plate-glass-and-broadloom ranch house or a convenient modern apartment, the situation is no less painful…‖ Her words seemed to indicate that housewives of educational levels suffer the same feeling of desperation. Their knowledge-surpassed even make them much more painful that they are much more acute on the change of their roles—a husband‘s sweetie, some children‘s dear mommy, etc. but never play as herself, an independent individual, a whole person, with vigor and fervent longing for life.

Maybe some American have ever cast an eye on Chinese housewives as their graceful marriage life style has for long been celebrated by scores of precedent transmitters of Chinese culture, say LinYutang tried in ―The Six Chapters of a Floating Life‖. It is undoubtedly that Chinese woman, especially at antique times, were full-time housewives, they spent life on embroidery, instructing the kids, and obeying their husband. What seemed queer to most American women is that Chinese-women took this life for granted which to them is no more than chronic pains. That fact is that Chinese-women did occupied a career after their marriage, that a career to learn how to hold the arts of living. They assumed each circumstance in life as chance to perfect their personalities and absorbed the virtues that the convention required. The most essential should learn to obey, obey their husband and the power of masculine.

Women should possess a career after marriage. Because they need to be treat as a whole person throughout their whole lives.

Woman, more or less, means self-sacrified: for husband and his children. That is the way it is either in china or other very well developed countries. For this concept is so solid lay down in earth culture and man‗s mind. A woman rebeling this will be regarded as evil and suffer punishmen from death to humiliation. And the most mental suffer may from women themselves. Lonelyness. For other good women will keep themselves away from this evil woman.

This is the general fact happening everyday in this world.

Taking care of a hunsband and children is a very demanding career. It requires so many good qualities and especially above all: tender patient love. Until it is recoginized as a honor career, woman will continue suffer. Man will be as well for without a happy woman at their side, they can‗t experience the true meaning of peace and love.

This, as always, the main cause of the misery in this world.

Can Success be Measured in Terms of Money?

Until quite recently many people still hold a negative attitude towards the other standards measuring success except money. They think that money one possesses is the only yardstick of his success. However, recent survey shows that an rising number of people begin to hold that success can not be measured only by money. The arguments for this point of view can be listed as follows.

Above all, the most successful people in the history may not be the richest. For example, Picasso, who is regarded as one of the most successful artists by later generations, was penniless when he was alive. Furthermore, taking money as the only yardstick of success may lead people to pursue money in improper ways. Many officials were put into prison just because of their greediness for money. Most importantly, the correct yardstick of success should be the contribution one has made to the society. A case in point is that Leifeng, who devoted all his life to the society, is viewed as one of the most successful people in history.

All that has been discussed above points to the fact that earning a lot of money does not necessarily make you a successful person in all aspects of life. Therefore, money cannot be the only indicator of success. Can Success be Measured in Terms of Money Al one

There is a deeprooted concept in people’s mind that money is the only yar dstick of success. In such a materialistic society, it is natural that people ar

e inclined to assess one’s success by money. Actually there are many types of su ccess, some associated with wealth and some not. So it seems to me that there sh ould be something else besides money for measurement of success. While it is true that a successful businessperson or inventor will usually

become rich, many other people who are outstanding in certain fields do not rea p monetary rewards. One example is that the rocket scientist who makes great ach ievement in the field of astronautics while gaining glory for his country, but d

raws a modest salary. For another example, Lei Feng devoted all his short life t o h

elping others, and is believed to have led a successful and meaningful life. But he owned almost no personal possessions.

Besides, money as the only yardstick of success may be misleading. It may motivate people to strive to make money by fair means or foul. If one is concern ed about nothing but making money in one‘s life, what would this world become of ? People may lose the sense of achievements. Therefore, besides money, one‘s suc cess should be measured in terms of accomplishments or contributions to the deve lopment of the country.

It Is Wise To Use Tomorrow‘s Money Today

Saving money for contingency is held by most Chinese as a golden law. This is reflected in a recent survey among students in Beijing, Guangzhou, Xi‘an, Chendu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shengyang because 65 persent of students in the survey still hold the ―Spend less, save more‖ principle. Only 33 percent think it‘s better to use tomorrow‘s money. I agree with the latter view: it is wiser to use tomorrow‘s money.

My argument is: we should enjoy what we can enjoy today with the money we earn today and what we‘ll get tomorrow.

The sarcastic story is well-known to every one: Two old ladies from China and West respectively died and entered the Paradise. They met and exchanged their life experience in the world. The Chinese old lady bought a new big house with her whole-life savings before death, but she had never lived in it a day. For the Western woman, she had bought a big house with a long-term loan which had not been paid off until her death and lived in it for most of her life. It is true that the two ladies couldn‘t buy a big house in their youth. But the big

difference is that the Western woman had enjoyed a big house with ―tomorrow‘s money‖ but the Chinese lady not. What implications can we get from the story?

Big expenditures like buying a house may cost one several years‘ or even one‘s whole-life salary. It is wiser to spend tomorrow‘s money and enjoy first, rather than to save enough patiently and live in hunger.

Adult children

One of the topics in our daily life is whether or not the older people should live with their adult children. My answer to the question is that it is better for them not to.

To begin with， adult children， like their parents， love indepen dence and freedom， but their parents may still take them as children. The situation will be worse when the adult children are married. If the relationship between the children and file parents is not harmonious， the sons or daughters of the parents will be in a difficult position. Secondly， people of different ages have different ways of life. If they live together， the old may feel that they are always disturbed and the young may feel that they are often restricted.

In short， if the parents and their adult children do not live together， both the old and the young can enjoy complete independence and freedom. Living separately does not mean separation of relations. The parents and their children can still often visit and help each other if they stay in the saine neighborhood.

A 20 year old man in Italy has taken his father to court for money so that he can continue to live at home with his mother and study for a new career. But at 20, are we too old to expect our parents to be responsible for us?

意大利一个20岁的年轻人起诉自己的父亲，向父亲索要钱财，这样他就可以和母亲呆在家里同时研究自己的新事业。但是20岁了。我们还能期盼父母为我们负责吗？ Adult children （成年子女）

Yvonne: Hello, this is '6 minute English' - I'm Yvonne Archer… Callum: And I'm Callum Robertson.

Yvonne: Hi Callum - and thanks for joining me! In today's programme, we've got an interesting case from Italy and it makes us think about the question of – well, when as an adult, should you stop depending on your parents -financially? Callum: Hmmm…

Yvonne:But let me ask you this: when did you stop depending on your parents?

Callum: Well I suppose, financially, it would be when I got my first job and gradually became less financially dependent. So I suppose, when I was about 19 -20 when I could make my own way.

Yvonne:Well we're going to hear more about that topic, obviously, but first, the big question. Are you ready Callum? Callum: Oh – yes, another one of your tricky questions.

Yvonne: Yes, but you usually get them right; let's see how you do. A 12 year old boy in the United States was the first to divorce his parents – but when did that happen? Was it in a) 1992 b) 1998 –or c) 2001?

Callum: Oh – now I remember this – I remember this, but, I can't remember when it was. I'm going to plump for（投票选出） 1998. Yvonne:Good choice, but as usual we'll have to wait until the end of the programme to find out. Now today's report – we're going back to that question about adults who are still financially dependent on their parents. As we listen to the report, we'll come across the term 'expenses incurred'. Callum, can you explain that for us please?

Callum: If you 'incur expenses' – you do something which costs money. So for example, going to work usually incurs（招致，蒙受，遭遇） travel expenses – so that's the price of your bus fare, your petrol or your train ticket. Yvonne:And what about the words 'pursue（追捕，追求）' and 'aspirations'?

Callum: Well, if you 'pursue an aspiration' – you follow a dream to do something. So for example, if you pursue an aspiration to be an English teacher – then you work hard, you study and you train to become an English teacher.

Yvonne:Lovely. In today's report from the BBC's Emma Wallis, we hear about a court case – a legal case. A man was taken to the highest court in Italy because he didn't want to 'pay maintenance（生活费用）' – to give money to support his twenty year old son, David. As we listen, try to find out who wins the court case; is it David or his father?

EMMA WALLIS

The court ruled that David, who still lives with his mother, should carry on receiving three-hundred euros a month from his separated father, as well as half of any extra expenses he incurred. The reason; Italian law believes that 'children' have the right, even as adults, to pursue their dreams and aspirations.

Yvonne:Callum, who won the court case – was it David or his father?

Callum: Well it was David who won the court case. The court ruled – or the court ordered his father to continue paying David money so that he can pursue his dream.

Yvonne:And the ruling came from the highest court in Italy, so David's father will just have to pay up! Now David is twenty years old. Is he too old to live with his mum and get money from his dad as well? What do you think Callum?

Callum: I think it's difficult – different countries have different cultures. So, ummm – the court has ruled and I don't have a better opinion

than the court.

Yvonne:Now in the next part of Emma Wallis' report, we'll hear about David's dreams and aspirations are. But first, a little help with the language we'll come across: Callum, what does 'to quit a job' mean?

Callum: Oh, if you leave your job you 'quit' your job. You don't want to do it any more – you quit.

Yvonne:And what about 'to set a precedent（先例，前例）'?

Callum: Oh, that's a legal term – 'to set a precedent'. It's when a law is given for the first time and from then on, in future cases, it can be referred to. They can say, well this happened in this case, so we can use that same law in this case. Yvonne:Okay – here's Emma Wallis again…

EMMA WALLIS

David's mother said that David had quit his job to enrol on a course, training to become a hairdresser. Until he's able to maintain himself economically, David's father, according to the court, which has set a precedent for all future cases, will have to keep David in the manner to which he's become accustomed.（习惯了的）

Yvonne: So David's left his job to learn how to become a hairdresser. And while he's training, he wants money from his father so that he won't have to change the way he's always lived. And the phrase we heard there was?

Callum: The money is needed 'to keep David in the manner to which he's become accustomed' – to continue with the way of life he's now used to.

Yvonne:Right and so David's a lucky man really, isn't he? But do you think that we're always children in the eyes of our parents? Callum: Oh yes, absolutely. I don't think it matters. However old you are, you are still your parents' child. Yes, absolutely.

Yvonne:Now Callum – today's big question was: a 12 year old boy in the United States was the first to divorce his parents – but when did that happen? And you said… Callum: 1998?

Yvonne: Ah – you're right… no, you're wrong. It was 1992 - Callum: Ah – that long ago?

Yvonne: It was. And it was a young boy who actually terminated（终止） his mother's rights to him so she couldn't visit with him – she didn't have any legal rights over him any more. And that was way back in 1992. Callum: Oh, what a sad case.

Yvonne: Quite sad indeed. But that's all we've got time for today!