Section A Learning a Foreign Language (6 periods)
Period 1-2 Teaching Procedures(教学步骤) Step 1. Warming-up (25 minutes) • Self-introduction 2. Warming-up Activities Act 1) Read three funny stories and find out the common point of these stories. Answer: Learning a foreign language is very important. Act 2) Group discussion: Do you have similar funny experience in learning English? Act 3) warming-up questions(pair work): 1. Were there any moments when you enjoyed learning English? If any, what was it? Tips:—I still remember the days / class/ time when… The days/ class/ time when…still remain fresh in my mind. I felt like learning English when … Actually, I never enjoy learning English because it is useless/ too difficult… 2. Do you have any trouble learning English? If any, what is it? Tips:— I always feel it difficult to… — It’s not easy for me to… understand what others say. remember so many words. understand the grammar. read quickly. speak in public. …… 3. Who is the English teacher that made the deepest impression on you? Why? Tips: — The teacher who made the deepest impression on me is the one I met in elementary/junior middle/senor middle/ training school, because he /she was… kind/patient/encouraging/humorous/strict/ impatient/cold/ always angry… (any story?) Act 4) Listening practice Spot Dictation: Ask the students to listen to a passage about online learning. Listen carefully and fill in the missing words and phrases. Then read the words together. Discussion: What are the advantages of learning English online? Tips: — any place, any time or pace cheaper and more convenient quicker and easier to get access to much information to teachers — no limit to the number of students ...... Step 2. Global reading (55 minutes) Main idea of the text: The passage is a first person narrative about the experiences of learning a foreign language. Text Structure Part I (Para. 1): Introduction: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of the writer’s life. Part II (Paras. 2-7): The writer’s four stages of Language learning experiences. Para(s). Topic 2 Experiences in . 3 Experiences in . 4 Experiences at . 5-7 Experiences about . In junior middle school (Para.2): The teacher: __kind and patient, positive, often praising the students The author: kind and patient, positive, often praising the students In senior middle school (Para.3): The teacher: _punishing quickly, pointing a long stick at us and shaking it up and down, shouting “No! No! No!” The author: losing my eagerness, losing my joy, losing my desire At college (Para.4): The teacher: patient and kind, no pointed sticks The classes: very large, many students spoke much better than I did The author: feeling intimidated, afraid to speak, staying at the same level The on-line learning (Paras.5—7): The on-line learning requires: much time, commitment, discipline The author (at the beginning): making many mistakes, crying out of frustration, feeling like giving up The author (finally): reaping the benefits of all the hard work Part III (Para. 8): Conclusion: Learning a foreign language has brought the writer many benefits. The benefits of learning a foreign language (Para.8): 1.Teaching me the value of hard work. 2.Giving me insights into another culture 3.Enabling me to communicate with more people. Step 3. Summary （10minutes） Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most _________. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was ______. In junior middle school, my foreign teacher _______ all of the students. I benefit a lot from this positive teaching method. In senior middle school, the teacher always _______ those who gave incorrect answers. So I _______ in answering questions and my desire to say anything at all in English. In college, I had no _______ to speak in class. I felt intimidated. ________ changed everything. Although it requires much ____, _______ and _______ to keep up with the flow of the course, I succeeded in foreign language learning. Learning a foreign language has been a most ________. I have learned _______ into another culture as well as the language points. Period 3-4 Step 1. Detailed Study (80 minutes) Part I. Introduction Q: How did the writer describe his English learning experience? difficult------------frustrating rewarding--------well worth the effort Difficult : a. ___________________. (Para. 3) b. at college. ( ______ ) Rewarding : a. _____________________. (Para. 2) b. with the online course. ( _________ ) Conclusion: Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldn’t trade for anything. • frustrate (L.2) vt. e.g. The traffic jam in Ningbo really frustrates many people, thus it’s necessary to take the traffic restriction measures. It is frustrating to get the news that children obesity has become a serious social problem. The people in the cartoon feel frustrated when they get the news… Use it — Was there anything making you frustrated? — I was frustrated by… Translation Exercise: After 2 hours’ frustrating delay, our train at last arrived. 在长达两小时的令人沮丧的延误之后。 I’m feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change. adj.frustrating frustrated n. frustration 2. reward vt. reward sb. for sth./ doing sth. e.g. The father rewarded the little boy for washing his own clothes. Finally, her hard work was rewarded. n. e.g. This game had its excitement, challenges, and rewards. 这个游戏充满刺激,挑战和成就感。 银行推行新的奖励制度鼓励职员更加努力工作. The bank developed a new system of rewards to encourage the clerks to work harder. rewarding adj. e.g. She found the experience very rewarding. 她发现这个经历使她受益匪浅。 Fill in the blank with reward, rewarding: His persistence _____________ when the car finally started. She finds teaching is a __________ career. He got a _________ for helping them. Part II. Para.2. (English learning experience in Junior middle school) Q: Why did the writer enjoy learning English in Junior middle school? Figure out the meaning of “positive” through contextual clues. 原句: Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistakes. (L. 6)由于这种积极的教学方法，我踊跃回答各种问题，从不怕答错。 3. positive adj. ① effective; helpful e.g. We should try to be more positive in dealing with the problem. 我们应该对解决该问题再积极一些。 别只是看着我，给我提些积极的建议吧。 Key: Don’t just watch me; give me some positive advice. Collocation positive answers orders instructions proof/evidence attitude method 反义词：negative (消极的，负面的，否定的) “never worrying about making mistakes” 是现在分词短语作状语, 此处表示伴随状态 请在课文中找出现在分词作状语的其它例子 Part II. Para.3. (Enlish learning experience in senior middle school) Q: What was the new teacher in the senior middle school like? What effect did she have on the writer? (L11) While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. 以前老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生。 While sth / sb is / does…, sth / sb else is / does… : 某事 ／某人……, 而另一事 ／ 另一人…… 我喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。 大部分同学期待上网学习英语，而有些同学根本不想上。 I drink black coffee while he prefers cream in his coffee. While most students look forward to learning English online, some cannot bear the thought. (L15) Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English. not only… but (also) 不仅… …而且; 为了强调，将not only或only +状语放在句首的时候,句子应该部分倒装，即助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。 • Practice: do the exercise on page 11 More expressions neither/little/only/hardly seldom neither/not… nor not until under no circumstances no sooner... than... scarcely (hardly)... when... A mini-test 1. We have been told that under no circumstances ____ the telephone in the office for personal affairs. A. may we use B. we may use C. we could use D. did we use 2. The organization had broken no rules, but _____ had it acted responsibly. A. neither B. so C. either D. both 3. I could not persuade him to accept it, _____ make him see the importance of it. A. if only I could not B. or I could not B. nor could I D. no more than I could 4. Only under special circumstances _______ to take make-up tests. A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen 5. Not until the game had begun ______ at the sports ground. A. had he arrived B. would he have arrived C. did he arrive D. should he have arrived Para.4. (English learning experience at college) Q: What about the writer’s college English teacher? Was his English improved? And Why? (L19) Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed sticks! Unlike sb. / sth. else (that…), sb. / sth. is / does… 不像另一人/物（……）那样(与另一人/物不同)，某人/物…… Unlike many of the students, she is very interested in the lecture. (L19) The situation was far from perfect. to be far from perfect/satisfactory/enough 远不尽人意/远远不够. Far from cheap, everything is expensive in this shop. 这家商店的商品一点都不便宜，而是很贵。 Para.5-7 Online Learning Q: 1.What equipment is necessary for studying English online? 2.What does it take to become a successful online learner? 3. What are the difficulties in language learning? access n. way of entering, right of using and reaching With broad-band technology, netizens may get a quicker access to the Internet. 有了宽带网技术，网民能更快地连上互联网。 have/gain/get/obtain access to 得接近；得进入；得使用 CET-4题目再现： (2003.12) Only a few people have ________to the full facts of the incident. A) access B) resort C) contact D) path 【译文】只有几个人了解这一事件的全部真相。 embarrass v. make sb. feel ashamed, or uncomfortable 同根词 adj. embarrassing adj. embarrassed n. embarrassment Use it What, in your life, has made you feel most embarrassed? Share your story with your partner. come across e.g. We’ve just come across an old friend. 我们刚才碰见了一位老朋友。 在参加社会活动的时候，学生们会遇到形形色色的人。 While participating in social activities, students will come across people of various personalities. reap the benefit of get sth. as a reward Don’t let others reap the benefits of your research. 不要让别人从你的研究中获得益处。 只要你做规律性的锻炼，你就能够从中得益于保持好的身材。 As long as you get regular exercise, you can reap the benefits of being fit. Collocation reap the benefit/reward/profit/fruit of benefit n. advantage; good effect; v. be helpful Phrases for sb.’s benefit 为了……的利益 benefit from 得益于 Part III (Para. 8) Benefits of learning a foreign language trade for : exchange for (L.48) e.g. You have had the benefit of a first classeducation. I traded my old car for a new one. 我把旧车换成了新车。 The boy traded his knife for a football. You are my most precious gift which I would not trade for anything. favorite adj. most loved; n. sth. that is loved above all others Use it: What is your favorite music? What kind of movie is your favorite? Tips: rock and roll, country music, classical music, folk, songs… ; detective story, science fiction, cartoon, kungfu, love story… Step 3 Review (10 minutes) A. Make a list of expressions which indicate that learning English is difficult, yet rewarding. Difficult • frustrating • punish • far from perfect • feel intimidated • afraid to speak • stay at the same level • cry out of frustration • feel like giving up B. Idea sharing Discussion: What can we learn from the author’s language learning experience? 1. a kind and patient teacher who often praises students 2. eagerness to answer questions never worrying about making mistakes 3. not to be intimidated 4. to work hard to meet the course standards and to complete assignments on time5. to practice all the time 6. no frustration and never giving up 7. … C. Vocabulary Testing 1. She _____ large profits from her unique invention. A) rewarded B) reaped C) included D) inherited 2. There is no _____ to the street through that door. • lose my eagernessrewarding • well worth the effort • at the top of my class • be eager to study • reap the benefits of… • teach me the value of… • give me insights into… • be able to bridge the gap between cultures A) finding B) light C) access D) retreat 3. In the wife’s eyes, his _____ to their marriage life is far from perfect A) requirement B) commitment C) participation D) reflection 4. It is better for you to be _____ about its consequences before you take any action. A) positive B) absolute C) critical D) favorite 5. _____ his sister,Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others. A) dislike B) unlike C) alike D) liking period 5-6 Step 1 Writing Skill---“cause and effect” writing (35min) The Writing Model of Passage A: General Statement + Specific Details + Conclusion • What is the General Statement? • What are the specific details? • What is the conclusion? T: The author presents the readers his own language learning experiences for different stages, from junior middle school to online learning, and for each different stage of learning he describes an effect that results from some causes. T: This passage is an example of “cause and effect” writing, which makes clear the reasons why something happens by showing the relation between a cause and its effect. Look at how the author writes in Paragraph 3. T: In Paragraph 3, the author puts forward his main topic for the paragraph —\"When I went to senior middle school, I was eager to continue studying English; however, my experience in senior school was very different from before.\" Therefore the topic of the paragraph is: my learning experience in senior middle school is different from before. T: Then the author goes on to tell us the cause why his learning experience is different from before — My new teacher was not patient and was quick in punishing the students. Whenever we answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us and, shaking it up and down, shouted, \"No! No! No! \" T: Then the cause leads to an effect — It didn't take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English. Here the cause-effect way of writing is very clear to us. T: Sound reasoning or logic is naturally the most important quality of any causal analysis. But it is not always easy to explain causes and effects clearly and logically. One reason for this is that an effect may have many causes and a cause may have many effects. So we must be thorough in our discussion and careful in our selection of details. T: There are two basic ways of organizing paragraphs developed by cause and effect. The first method is to state an effect and devote the rest of the paragraph to examining the causes. The second method is to state a cause and then mention or predict the effects. Step 2 Exercise on Page 8—13 (55 minutes) Emphasis is placed on vocabulary, translation, and cloze. • • • • • • 1: Vocabulary Ss are required to fill in the blanks one after another so as to go over what they’ve 2: Comprehension Exercises Explain the answers including language points and grammar to Ss. 3: Translation Some Ss are asked to write down their translations on blackboard. Ss’ answers will be commented and corrected by the teacher. learned in this unit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 教学小结
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