重点单词详解
1．affect vt. 影响；侵袭；感染；(感情上)深深打动；使悲伤 affect sb / sth 影响某人/某物
be affected by 被……打动/感动；受……影响 be affected with high fever 发高烧
1)His speech ________ the audience deeply. 他的讲话深深地打动了观众。2)They were deeply ________ by the news of her death. 她死亡的消息令他们很悲伤。
【答案】 1)affected 2)affected affect, influence和effect用法辨析
affect 表示“影响”时，用于有形的物质力量。
Their journey was affected by the bad weather. 他们的旅行受坏天气的影响。
influence 指无形的、长期积累的影响力，能决定受影响人的心智。
He was influenced by his biology teacher to take up the study of medicine. 受他生物老师的影响，他研究起医学来。
The new law will effect the national economic. 这项新法律将会影响国家经济。
(1)用affect, effect和influence的适当形式填空 1)The drought seriously ________the harvest.
2)The way the guests were treated in the hotel ________their evaluation of the service.
3)The president could not ________ a change in policy. 4)The slight change of weather can ________her poor health. 【答案】 1)affected 2)influenced 3)effect 4)affect (2)名校押题
We are interested in the weather because it ________us so directly—
what we wear, what we do and even how we feel. A．affection B．influences C．affects D．effects 【答案与解析】 C affect “影响”，在句中作谓语；influence “潜移默化的影响”； effect作动词时，意为“起作用”。
2．likely adj. 预期的；可能的 adv. 或许；可能；大概
likely 用作形容词作表语，意为“很有可能的”，常用于句型sb / sth be likely to do sth或It is likely that...; 作为定语时表示“有希望的；合适的”。 1)It is eleven o'clock and father ________ ________ ________ ________ back at any moment. 现在11点了，爸爸随时都有可能回来。
2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ this naughty boy will one day end up in prison. 这个淘气的男孩最终很有可能会锒铛入狱。 【答案】 1)is likely to be 2)It is mostly likely that likely, possible和probable用法辨析
三者都可以作为形容词，有“可能的”意思，但是意义和用法却不尽相同：可能性由小到大的顺序是possible，probable，likely；从用法上来看，三者都
可用于句型It is likely / possible / probable that..., 但在句型sb / sth be likely to do sth 中，likely不能用possible / probable代替。此外，likely的主语可以是人，而possible / probable的主语不能是人。 (1)用likely, possible 和probable的适当形式填空
1)Seeing that he is ill, he ________ ________ ________ come to our party. 2)Eating and drinking too much ________ ________ ________ give one's stomach trouble.
3)It is not humanly ________ to lift the weight. 4)It seems ________ that he will arrive before dusk.
【答案】 1)is unlikely to 2)is likely to 3)possible 4)probable (2)名校押题
He's not got another job yet and it's not ________ that he will wait for some time.
A．likely B．easily C．nearly D．lonely
【答案与解析】 A It's not likely that “不太可能……” ，为固定句型。 题意：他还没有找到工作，他再等上一段时间是不太可能的。 3．suggest vt. 建议；暗示；表明
suggest doing sth (to sb) 建议某人做某事 suggest sth 建议某事；表明某事
suggest that sb (should) do 建议……
1)I suggested ________ ________ the sports meeting. 我建议将运动会延期。
2)We suggested that he ________ ________ ________ an apology to his teacher. 我们建议他去向老师道歉。
3)The simple house ________ a modest income. 这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。
4)The doctor strongly recommended that he ________ a holiday. 医生竭力劝他去休假。
【答案】 1)putting off 2)go and make 3)suggested 4)take
advise, order, demand, require, insist (坚持做)，recommend, ask, commend, propose等表示建议、命令、要求的动词，后面跟宾语从句时谓语动词用should do, should 可省略。当这些动词所对应的名词形式作为同位语从句的先行词时，同位语从句谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 1)His serious expression suggested that something ________ ________ (happen)．
2)Dad suggested that I ________ ________ (tell) my teacher the truth. 3)The boy insisted that he ________ ________ (buy) a computer.
4)The young man insisted that he ________ ________ ________ (take) that wallet.
【答案】 1)had happened 2)should tell 3)should buy 4)had not taken (2)名校押题
________ be sent to work there?
A．Who do you suggest B．Who do you suggest that should
C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should 【答案与解析】 B suggest 表示建议时后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气。同时本
题还考查了“特殊疑问词＋ do you think / suggest...＋that从句”结构。 由此可知答案为B项。
4．arrange v. 筹备；安排；布置；整理 arrange (for)．.. 安排……；协商…… arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事 arrange for sb to do 安排某人做某事
arrange (with sb) to do sth 与某人商量做某事 arrangement n. 筹备；安排；整理；布置
1)She________all her business affairs before going to holiday. 她在度假前把业务都安排好了。
2)I ________ ________ ________ the neighbours about traveling abroad together.
我已和邻居商量好了集体出国旅游之事。
3)He ________ that the meeting should be put off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一个星期召开。
【答案】 1) arranged 2)have arranged with 3)arranged (1)用arrange的适当形式填空
1)I ________ ________ for a car to meet you at the airport.
2)The New Year is drawing near, so he plans to ________ the books on the shelves.
3)I ________ ________ my parents that we could borrow their car. 【答案】 1)have arranged 2)arrange 3)arranged with
(2)名校押题 Niagara Falls is a great tourist ________，drawing millions of visitors every year.
A．attention B．arrangement C．appointment D．attraction
【答案与解析】 D 题意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是一个很好的旅游胜地，每年都能吸引上百万的游客。attention “注意力”；arrangement “安排”；appointment “约会”； attraction “具有吸引力的人或事物”。 5．settle vt.&vi. 定居；解决；平静下来 settled adj. 不变的；稳定的
settlement n. 解决；处理；决定；和解；殖民地 settler n. 移民；殖民者
settle down 舒适地坐下/躺下；(四处奔波后)安顿下来；使某人安静下来；(＋ to sth)开始专心于(工作、活动等)；着手认真做好某事
settle (sb) in / into sth (帮助某人)迁入新居/做新的工作 1)That ________ it! 事情就那样决定了！
2)The old man hoped his son would marry and ________ ________. 那位老人希望儿子能结婚并安定下来。
3)After returning from abroad, they ________ ________ Beijing. 从国外回来之后他们就在北京定居。
4)The medicine can ________ your nerves. 这药能镇定你的神经。 【答案】 1)settles 2)settle down 3)settled in 4)settle (1)用settle的适当形式填空
1)You ought to ________ your affairs before you go into hospital for operation.
2)The chairman tried to ________ the audience ________， but he failed. 3)We ________the children ________new schools when we moved to London. 【答案】 1)settle 2)settle; down 3)settled; into (2)名校押题
—Why do you look worried?
—There are so many problems ________.
A．remaining to settle B．remained settling C．remaining to be settled D．remained to be settled 【答案与解析】 C remain to be done “某事有待被做”。题意：“你为什么看起来很焦虑？”“还有很多问题有待解决。” 问题还在进行中，所以用－ing形式。
6．trap vt. 使陷入困境；使中圈套 n. 困境；圈套；陷阱 set / lay a trap 布好陷阱
fall into the trap of doing sth 掉进陷阱；误以为 trap sb into (doing) sth 使中计；使上当；使陷入圈套
1)Both men ________ ________ inside the burning car. 两个人都被困在燃烧的轿车里。
2)The bomb exploded, ________ victims in the building. 炸弹爆炸了，把受害者困在楼里。
3)She had set a ________ for him and he had walked straight into it. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
4)I ________ ________ ________ admitting that I had lied. 我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎。
【答案】 1)were trapped 2)trapping 3)trap 4)was trapped into (1)翻译句子
我们设下了老鼠夹子。
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We set traps for the mouse. (2)名校押题
I fall into the ________ of putting work before family.
A．custom B．trap C．mistake D．belief
【答案与解析】 B 题意：我误以为工作比家庭更重要。fall into the trap of doing sth “误以为……”。
7．beyond prep. 在……之外；超出……的范围；除……之外；非……力所能及
beyond belief / recognition 难以置信/认不出来 beyond doubt 无疑地
it's beyond me why / how / what 我不理解……
1)So far Dr Barnard's fame has ________ ________ ________ South Africa. 现在巴纳德医生的名声已传到了南非以外的地区。
2)Scott pushed his employees ________ ________ ________ of human endurance. 斯哥特把他的员工逼到了忍无可忍的地步。
3)I know nothing about him ________ ________ ________ that he used to work for the government. 除了知道他过去为政府工作外，我对他一无所知。 4)The situation is already ________ ________ ________. 我们已经控制不了局面。
【答案】 1)spread far beyond 2)beyond the limits 3)beyond the fact 4)beyond our control
(1)用beyond的有关短语完成句子
1)The centre of Manchester has changed ________ ________. 曼彻斯特的中心已经变得认不出来了。
2)Brady's guilt had been ________ ________. 布雷迪已被证明确实有罪。
3)________ ________ ________ ________ anyone should want to marry him. 我不理解为什么人人都想嫁给他。
【答案】 1)beyond recognition 2)beyond doubt 3)It's beyond me why (2)名校押题
Everybody was touched________words after they heard her moving story.
A．beyond B．without C．of D．in 【答案与解析】 A 题意：听过她的动人故事以后，每个人都被感动得说不出话来。beyond words “无法用语言表达”。
8．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测；推测 calculate on sth 指望；预料
calculated adj. 精心计划的；蓄意的 calculating adj. 工于心计的；狡猾的
calculation n. 计算；预测；推测 calculator n. 计算器
1)We'll need to ________ the overall costs. 我们需要算出总的费用。 2)It's difficult ________ ________ the long－term effects of these
changes in the law. 很难预测法律上的这些变化会产生怎样的长期影响。 3)We had not ________ ________ any problem with the application. 我们没有料到这一申请会有什么问题。
4)It was clearly a ________ attempt to embarrass the police chief. 这显然是蓄意让警长难堪之举。
【答案】 1)calculate 2)to calculate 3)calculated on 4)calculated(1)翻译句子 我们没有预料到这一申请会有什么问题。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We didn't calculate on any problem with the application. (2)名校押题
The loss caused by the Haiti Earthquake has not yet been ________ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a thousand million
dollars.
A．calculated B．considered C．completed D．controlled
【答案与解析】 A 根据“人们认为(损失)要超过十亿美元”可知，这里表示损失还没有精确地“计算”出来。calculate “计算”。 重点短语详解
1．take charge of控制；掌管；承担责任 (1)charge sb with指控某人
He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯了谋杀罪。 (2)free of charge 免费
Your order will be delivered free of charge. 我们将免费送货上门。 (3)be in charge of 负责；掌管
He will be in charge of the big company during the absence of the manager.
经理不在的这段时间，他将负责公司的事务。
(4)be in the charge of (＝ in one's charge) 由……负责/掌管
These patients are in the charge of Dr Brown. 这些病人由布朗医生负责治疗。
(5)put sb in charge of 让……全权负责
I have been put in charge of the group. 我被指派全权负责这个小组。
1)Harry will ________ ________ ________ the department while I‘m away. 我不在时由哈利负责部门的事务。
2)The department was badly organized until he ________ ________ ________ it. 这个部门在他负责以前组织工作做得很差。
3)The policeman said that he would ________ ________ ________ the gun. 那个警察说他来掌管这支枪。
【答案】 1)take charge of 2)took charge of 3)take charge of (1)单项填空
You can take as many as you like, because they are all free of ________.
A．fare B．charge C．money D．Pay 【答案与解析】 B free of charge “免费”。 (2)名校押题
—Can he ________ the computer company? —I'm afraid it's beyond his ability.
A．take charge of B．take out of C．take the place of D．take against
【答案与解析】 A 考查动词短语的辨析。题意：“让他负责这个电脑公司好吗？”“恐怕这超出了他的能力范围。” 2．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 pay sth off全部偿还；偿清(债务)
pay sb for sth ＝ pay sth to sb for sth 付钱给某人作为某事的费用 pay for sth 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚
pay back 还钱；报复 pay a price for...为……付出代价
1)It took them three years to ________ ________ their debts.他们用了3年才还清了债务。
2)John studied hard before the examination, and it ________ ________.约翰考试前学习很刻苦，因此得到了好成绩。
3)He took great trouble, but it ________ ________.他费了很大劲，但终究成功了。
【答案】 1)pay off 2)paid off 3)paid off (1)用pay的相关短语填空
1)They took a hell of a risk but it ________ ________.
2)Can you lend me 100 yuan? I'll ________ you ________ on Friday. 3)I'll make her ________ ________ ruining my chances! 【答案】 1)paid off 2)pay；back 3)pay for (2)名校押题
—Believe me，all your efforts will ________ some day. —Thanks for your encouragement.
A．pay back B．pay down C．pay off D．pay for 【答案与解析】 C 题意：相信我，你所有的努力总有一天会有回报的。pay back“偿还”；pay down“即时支付；付定金；(分期付款等)付额款”；pay off“付清；偿清；有回报”；pay for“为……付款”。C项符合题意。 3．in case 以防；万一
in case “以防；万一”，可以单独使用，常用于句末；也可以接句子，之后的从句谓语动词用一般现在时或should ＋动词原形。in case of 后面接名词
作宾语。
1)You probably won‘t need to call—but take my number, just ________ ________. 你很可能无需打电话——不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。 2)Please remind me about it ________ ________ I forget / should forget. 万一我把这件事忘了，请提醒我。
3)________ ________ ________ ________， ring the alarm bell. 如遇火险，即按警铃。
【答案】 1)in case 2)in case 3)In case of fire in any case 无论如何
in this / that case 在这种/那种情况下
in no case “决不”，置于句首时，句子部分倒装。 (1)单项填空
Leave one of your keys with your brother next town________you lock yourself out one day.
A．ever since B．even if C．soon after D．in case 【答案与解析】 D ever since “自从……以来”； even if “即使”； soon after “不久以后”； in case “以防；以免”。题意：留一把钥匙给你邻镇的兄弟，以免有一天你把自己锁在门外。故答案为D项。 (2)名校押题
1) Everything was perfect for the hiking and rafting ________ the weather.
A．in place of B．as well as C．except for D．in case of
【答案与解析】 C 题意：那次徒步旅行和漂流一切都很顺利，就是天气不尽如人意。in place of “代替”； as well as “和；又；及”； except for “除……之外”，表示整体肯定，但局部美中不足，如：He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是个好人，只是脾气暴躁而已。in case of “假使；万一；以防”。
2) You may work in the office for an afternoon as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A．so far as B．so long as C．in case D．even if 【答案与解析】 B 题意：你可以整个下午任意使用这个房间，只要你事后把它打扫干净。so long as ＝ as long as “只要”，符合题意。so far as “就……而言”； in case “以防；万一”； even if “即使；尽管”。 4．due to由于；因为
due to do sth / due for sth (车、船等)预定应到的；约定的；预定的；(票据等)到期的
due to sb 应支付；应给予；应归于
1)All the buses are late _______ _______heavy traffic. 因为交通拥挤，所有公共汽车都误点了。
2)The accident ________ ________ ________ her negligence. 这次事故是因她疏忽所致。
3)The strike ________ ________ ________ begin on Tuesday. No one knows how long it will last. 罢工定于星期二开始，谁也不知道它会延续多久。 4)The train ________ ________ ________arrive at 12：10. 那列火车应在
12点10分到站。
【答案】 1)due to 2)was due to 3)is due to 4)is due to (1)单项填空
________ the weather, the sports meeting will be held on time. A．In favor of B．Regardless of C．Apart from D．Due
to 【答案与解析】 B 考查介词短语辨析。语境说运动会按期举行，因此这里表示“不顾”天气情况，regardless of“不管；不顾”。in favor of“赞成”；apart from“除了……之外”；due to“由于”。 (2)名校押题
The project had to be abandoned largely ________ a lack of government funding.
A．according to B．due to C．in the name of D．in the eyes
of
【答案与解析】 B 考查短语辨析。题意：主要由于缺乏政府资金而使得这项工程被迫放弃。according to“根据”；due to“由于”；in the name of“以……名义”；in the eyes of“在……心目中；从……来看”。 5．make up 组成；编造；化妆
make up 编造；虚构；组成；化妆；弥补；和解 make off 匆忙离开；溜掉 make for 朝……前进
make out 听出；看出；辨认出
make up to 奉承；巴结
make it 及时到达；赶上；取得成功
1)The whole story is ________ ________. 整个故事都是虚构的。
2)He ________ ________ some excuse about his daughter being sick.他编造了一个借口，说他的女儿病了。
3)The medical team ________ ________ ________ ________ twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。
4)Farmers _______ _______ only a small section of the population. 农民只占人口的一小部分。
5)I can't ________ ________ my mind. 我下不了决心。
6)We need $50 to ______ _______ the sum required. 我们需要五十美元以补足所需要的数目。
7)Nothing can ________ ________ ________ the loss of a child. 失去一个孩子是任何东西都无法弥补的。
8)Have you ________ ________ with Patty yet？你与帕蒂和好了吗？
【答案】 1)made up 2)made up 3)was made up of 4)make up 5)make up 6)make up 7)make up for 8)made up (1)单项填空
Chinese people ________ about one fifth of the world population.
A．fill up B．bring up C．make up D．set up
【答案与解析】 C 考查动词短语辨析。 fill up “装满；填满”； bring up “抚养；教育；培养；提出；呕吐”； make up “编造；占……的比例/成分；化妆；弥补；和解”； set up “建立；创立；竖立起来”。题意：中国人大约占世界总人口的五分之一。 故选C项。 (2)名校押题
1) My daughter ________ French when she was in France. Now she can speak it freely.
A．picked out B．made out C．made up D．picked up 【答案与解析】 D 考查动词短语的辨析。 pick out “挑选出”； make out “辨别”； make up “弥补；编造；构成”； pick up “捡起；学会”。题意：我女儿在法国时学了法语。 现在她法语说得很流利。
2) The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to______its reality.
A．make up for B．figure out C．look after D．put off
【答案与解析】 B 题意：现在的情况很复杂，因此我想过些时候我才能弄清楚它的实际情况。make up for “弥补”； figure out “弄清楚；弄明白”；
look after “照顾；照看”； put off “推迟”。由题意可知B项正确。 6．in addition 另外；也
in addition“另外；也”，在句中作插入语。 in addition to...除……之外
1)________ ________， they will be able to use e－mail to “speak” with
their teachers.此外，他们可以利用电子邮件和教师“交谈”。
2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， there are
secondary matters to talk about.除主要问题之外，还有些次要问题讨论。 【答案】 1)In addition 2)In addition to the main question (1)完成句子
1)________ ________， many farmers paid attention only to exploiting the land.此外，很多农民只注意使用土地。
2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes.除了电影工作，雷德福还以环境问题的倡导者而闻名。
【答案】 1)In addition 2)In addition to his movie work (2)名校押题
_______ calculations, the most frequent use for a computer is probably “information retrieval”．
A．In addition to B．According to C．Thanks to D．Due to
【答案与解析】 A 题意为“除了计算工作以外，计算机最常见的用途大概是资料检索”。according to“按照”；thanks to / due to“由于”。
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