现代大学英语精读课后答案Lesson Seven The Greatest Invention(2011-03-17 16:56:07)转载标签：教育分类：英语
Lesson Seven The Greatest Invention I.Oral Work
Discuss the following questions.
1) In the story, the scientist said, “I do not work for use, but for wonder.” Great scientists like Newton, Darwin or Einstein might have the same thing. But on the other hand, a lot of other scientific and technological discoveries have been the result of very careful planning and have been made to meet very practical needs. What is your view on this? Which do you think produces better results, “the idle curiosity” of scientists or their “purposeful effort”?
2) Do you think terrorism is justifiable for small nations or nationalities who have “just aspirations” and yet do not have any other way to make their voice heard or their demand taken seriously? Interview other students. Summarize their ideas and be prepared to present them to the class.
II.Vocabulary
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words “socialism” and “warmth” are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffixes “-ism” and “-th” with the help of a dictionary.
socialism: ＋ warmth: ＋
2) Turn the following into words ending in the suffix “-ism” and then give their meaning. And more words to the list.
Example: capitalist →capitalism communist internationalist environmentalist Marxist fascist nationalist feudalist racist idealist realist industrialist socialist sexist
3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.
(1) (信念) will move mountains.
(2) This book shows the author’s (高深) of learning. (3) We were stunned by the (宽度) of the waterfall. (4) (真理) lies at the bottom of life.
(5) In the confrontation between the stream and the rock, the stream always wins, not through (力量) but by perseverance.
(6) (健康) is better than wealth.
(7) I closed my eyes and felt the (温暖) of the sun on my face. (8) (财富) is only yours when you enjoy it but not when you just have it.
(9) Alfred Nobel’s name has brought fame and glory to others since his (死亡). But he felt he should have died at (出生) because his invention had been used in wars to kill people.
(10) We perhaps can’t control the (长度) of our life but we can control its (宽度) and (深度).
2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1) to change 8) to finish 2) content (adj.) 9) wonderful 3) to exclaim 10) disaster 4) deadly 11) difference
5) decent (wines) 12) important 6) to dominate 13) effect 7) intelligence 14) likewise 15) peculiar 18) considerate 16) situation 19) reasonable 17) actually 20) wholly
3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.
but for to appeal to to spur on if only to the capable of to turn out to aim at to get rid of to let sth. loose
1) Something must be done to the broken desks and chairs in the corridor. They stand in our way.
2) Each time she went out, she would her dog .
3) We had many anxious days and sleepless nights, but things to be all right in the end.
4) her encouragement an d generous help, I wouldn’t have come to college.
5) Professor Robinson giving dates, figures and names from memory. He seldom refers to his nots.
6) He winning two gold medals at the 21st Universiade and that him .
7) I had been there, I would have had the chance to try my English on him.
8) The city government has the citizens to save water and electricity.
9) I looked for my ID card everywhere. As it , it was right under the pillow.
10) Even the most intelligent people making stupid mistakes sometimes.
11) By joining the WTO, China is further improving its economic cooperation with the international community.
12) In his letter, he the government for more support of agriculture.
4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) He said that he would regard our gift a token of friendship. 2) “As a Chinese saying goes: seeing is believing,” he went , “we hope more of your people will come to visit China.”
3) She came home a look of joy and excitement because she had been admitted the drama club.
4) Many people think of safety a problem when going a journey.
5) How can we be silent their attack on us?
6) Dorothy opened her eyes the sound of the door being opened.
7) She devoted her last years of life caring for the disabled. 8) The parking lot is to be built behind the hotel. It has been marked
already.
9) It was foolish them to threaten others sanctions(制裁). 10) Just like the children in the city, these kids were also born the right to receive a good education.
11) When dinner was over, Mr. Fang and I went the draft of the joint statement while we went to the acrobatic show.
12) George said nothing. He gazed the distance, deep in thought.
5. Put the following into English. 1) 举一个例子7) 驱使他（拼命地干） 2) 取得进步8) 作出了一项发明 3) 散布细菌9) 摧毁那个国家 4) 进行威胁10) 实现他们的愿望 5) 给我看全过程11) 统治世界
6) 把他吸引住12)（船）驶进大连港停泊
6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form.
1) ?alive ? living ? live (adj./ adv.)
(1) The court issued an order for his arrest when they learned that he was still .
(2)Scientists have made several experiments with mice. (3) Things are getting better. Now people in most rural areas can watch TV programs broadcast .
(4) The blue whale is the largest animal. 2) ? able ? capable
(1) Helen Keller was not to see or hear or talk and yet she learned to read and write, and to become an author.
(2) Computers are of doing calculations billions of time in a fraction of a second now .
(3) Mrs. Xu is a very woman. She is successful in her career and she is a good mother and wife, too.
3) ? to check ? to examine ? to inspect
(1) I can't tell you anything about this case. I have to the evidence first.
(2) According to the plan, the mayor had to a public school that morning.
(3) I think the door is licked. But I’ll go and .
(4) Did you our mail today? I’m expecting a letter form my
parents.
(5) I don’t like the way they the students. It kills their interest in learning.
7. Examine the uses of “offer” and “work” in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.
So I asked him if I might offer him a glass of wine. (para.5) ( to offer sb. sth. )
Yes, he worked and he was working for us on something wonderful. (para. 20)
( to work vi. ) ( to work on sth. )
Other possible of “offer” and “work”: offer: work:
1) Up to now, they have not offered any explanation yet. 2)TheUNDP(United Nations Development Program) offered to cooperate with China in improving China’s land planning and management.
3) The company made an offer to train our workers. 4) I think it’s a good plan. It’s going to work. 5) Don’t work her too hard .She’s still weak.
6) I’ll be at work from 7 to 10. So call me after 10. will you? 8. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below. List other possible adverbs and then, using the pattern, put the Chinese into English.
…or that the influence of the strange wine was over, … ( para.45)
Verb pattern:
Other possible adverbs: 1) 你去哪里？( use “off”)
2）贝克先生在外面散步。 3）你从泰国回来多久了？ 4）他们还没有起床呢。 5）为什么白天还开着灯？
6）电影还在放呢，要到10点才能结束。 7）汽车展览会已展出了两个星期了。 8）李燕不在，她去武汉开会了。 9）看完这些杂志后请放回原处。 10）我妈不在家，她去办公室值夜班了。 9. Put in the missing words.
There were three engineers in a car: an electrical engineer, a chemical engineer and a microsoft engineer. Suddenly the car (1)_______ by the roadside, and the three engineers looked at each other (2)_______ what could be wrong and what could be (3) .
The electrical engineer (4) that they strip down the eletronics of the car and try to trace (5) a fault might have (6) . The chemical engineer, not (7) much about cars, said that the fuel (8) becoming emulsified(乳酪) and getting (9)_______ somewhere.
Then, th e microsoft engineer, (10) didn’t know much about anything, came (11) with a suggestion, “why (12) we close all the windows, get (13) , get back in , open the windows (14) ,and maybe it will(15) !”
III Grammar
1．Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets.
1) China’s national economy achieved an increase of 7.8% in 2000,
(正如不少经济学家所预料的那样).
2) (正如一位科学家所说), no invention is the work of a single person.
3) These tales are described (作为西藏人民的一部史诗). 4) (就自然灾难而言), this earthquake is not too bad.
5) Joe and Delia finally decided to get married (正如双方家庭所希望的那样).
6) Wuxi is known (中国的威尼斯).
7) Liu Feng has a very large vocabulary and is regarded (我们班的活字典).
8) (众所周知), Taiwan has been China’s territory since ancient times.
9) Customs officers are forbidden to accept anything (作为礼品)from business people.
10) Global warming has both negative and positive effects on our environment, (如科学家所证明的那样).
2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.
Example 1: To know if tomorrow week will be fine is impossible.
→It’s impossible to know if tomorrow week will be fine. Example 2: You would be surprised if you realized how things have changed.
→It would surprise you to realize how things have changed. Example 3: I had to work for two hours before finishing the job.
→It took me two hours to finish the job.
Example 4: I wish Linda could win the scholarship. How wonderful that would be.
→It would be wonderful if Linda could win the scholarship. Example 5: You missed Professor Li’s lecture on g lobalization. What a pity.
→It was a pity that you missed Professor Li’s lecture on globalization.
1) To find a qualified person for the position is not very easy. 2) To deal with complaints from difficult customers requires patience.
3) She was terribly upset when she saw many of the trees destroyed.
4) I wish you and your family could visit Beijing next summer. It would be wonderful.
5) To report on sports events such as the World Cup and the Olympics must be exciting.
6) To have the three skills —driving, good English and the ability to use a computer helps a person a lot in the job market.
7) Dr. Wu was pleased when he saw that his research was being carried on by dedicated young people.
8) To ask what others regard as “stupid” questions needs courage.
9) They’ve decided to cancel the trip. It’s a pity.
10) To show your ID to the guard at the entrance is necessary whenever you want to enter the building.
3. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.
Example: Lu Xun was born in this house. It is now a museum. →The house in which Lu Xun was born is now a museum. 1) The soil was sandy. The road was laid on this soil.
2) The Peking Man was discovered in a cave near Beijing. We visited the cave last summer.
3) All members of the cast are expected to read the novel. The film is based on the novel.
4) Every Spring Festival, he goes to see a peasant family. He worked with this family 30 years ago.
5) He signed the first contract with the pen for his company.
He said that he would keep the pen forever.
6) From the little town many outstanding scientists have sprung. This town is much reported by the media.
7) 00C is the freezing point of water. At this point water turns to ice.
8) The Braille system is the main method. By this method blind people all over the world read.
9) Ms. Li has started a school of her own. My sister took piano lessons from her three years ago.
10) The type of PC you should buy depends on your purpose. You will use your PC for this purpose.
4. Put in connectives.
1) One day watching the swinging of a hanging lamp, Galileo made an important discovery.
2) One of the world’s great tragedies is so many people die for nothing.
3) “Let the water run it gets warm,” she said. “Here’s a clean towel.”
4) An elderly man had collapsed crossing the street, an ambulance rushed him to the hospital immediately.
5) Believe it or not, opportuni ty will look for you you’re worth finding.
6) Mrs. Jones was walking alone a boy ran up behind her and tried to snatch her purse. The purse strap came off, he pulled so hard he lost his balance.
7) It happened so quickly, so simply after all the years of waiting and uncertainty, I can see and feel the whole scene it had happened last week.
8) You may work with a reserved person for years without ever knowing he lives, many children he has, and his interests are.
9) I wondered Jack could remain so calm b efore a major exam and asked he wasn’t nervous.
10) Lose one hour in the morning you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
11) my dad was killed in an accident at work , my mum was paid insurance by the firm, she’s better off she ever was. The only thing is, she doesn’t care she’s alive or dead my dad’s gone.
12) asked what he would do to solve Beijing’s traffic problems he were put in charge of Beijing Transport, Lao Wang, a bus driver, said, “I’d ban private cars in central Beijing from 7 P.m. to 7 a.m. the owners actually lived there. I’d take measures most people would travel by bus or by the subway train.”
IV Written Work
Write a paragraph of about 130 words, commenting on the two approaches to scientific research.
Key to the exercises
1. Practice using the rules of word formation.
1) Examine how the words “socialism” and “warmth” are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffixes “-ism” and “-th” with the help of a dictionary.
The suffix “-ism”, from Greek, is used to form no uns which often refer to a belief based on a particular principle or the teachings of a particular person.
The suffix “-th”, is often used to form nouns.
2) Turn the following into words ending in the suffix “-ism” and then give their meaning. Add more words to the list.
communism internationalism environmentalism Marxism fascism nationalism
feudalism racism idealism realism industrialism socialism sexism
3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.
(1) Faith (2) depth (3) width (4) Truth (5) strength (6) Health (7) warmth (8) Wealth (9) death, birth (10) length, width, depth
2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. (1) to alter (2) satisfied (3) to cry out (4)
very
dangerous
(5)passable/tolerable/satisfied/acceptable/fair
(6) to control (7) intellect/mental power/wisdom
(8) to complete (9) marvelous/outstanding/excellent/great (10) tragedy (11) distinction (12) essential (13) result (14) in the same way
(15) uncommon/queer/odd/strange (16) circumstance (17) in fact/as a matter of fact (18) thoughtful (19) sensible (20) entirely/fully
3. Complete the sentences with expressions listed below in their proper forms.
1) get rid of 2) let, loose 3) turned out
4) But for 5) is capable of 7) aimed at, spurred, on 8) If only 9) aiming at 12) appealed to
4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) as 2) on 3) with, to 4) as, on 5) about 6) at 7) to 8) off 9) of, with
10) with 11) on, with 12) into 5. Put the following into English:
1) to give an example 2) to make progress 3) to spread germs 4) to make an invention 5) to show me the whole process 6) to grip him 7) to drive him 8) to make an invention
9) to destroy that country 10) to fulfill their aspiration 11) to dominate the world 12) to put into the Port of Dalian 6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form.
1) (1) alive (2) live(adj.)/living (3) live(adj.) (4) living 2) (1) able (2) capable (3) capable
3) (1) examine/check (2) inspect (3) check (4) check (5) examine
7. Examine the uses of “offer” and “work” in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words, and then make sentences after the models.
Other possible uses of “offer” and “work”: offer: to offer sth. To offer to do sth. Offer(n.)
work: to work sb./sth.
Other idiomatic expressions: to work on, to work out, to work out to, to work one’s way, etc.
8. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible adverbs, and the using the pattern, put the Chinese into English.
Verb pattern: be ＋adv.
Other possible adverbs: away, back, here, off, in, on, out, there, through, up
1) Where are you off to?
2) Mr. Baker is out for a little stroll.
3) How long have you been back from Thailand? 4) They are not up yet.
5) Why are the lights on in broad daylight?
6) The film is still on. It won’t be over until 10 o’clock. 7) The car exhibition has been on for two weeks. 8) Li Yan is away for a meeting in Wuhan.
9) Please put all these magazines back when you’re through. 10) My mother is not in. She’s on night shift at the office. 9.Put in the missing words
(1) stopped (2) wondering (3) done (4) suggested (5) where (6) occurred (7) knowing (8) was (9) blocked (10) who (11) up (12) don’t (13) out (14) again (15) work III.Grammar
1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets.
1) as many economists had expected 2) As a scientist points out 3) as an epic of the Tibetan people 4) as natural disasters go
5) as both their families had hoped 6) as the Venice of China
7) as a walking dictionary of our class 8) as everybody knows 9) as gifts
10) as scientists have proved
2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples. 1) It isn’t easy to find a qualified person for the position.
2) It tales patience to deal with complaints from difficult customers.
3) It upset her to see many of the tree destroyed.
4) It would be wonderful if you and your family could visit Beijing next summer.
5) It must be exciting to report on sport events such as the World Cup and the Olympics.
6) It helps a person a lot in the job market to have the three skills – driving, good English and the ability to use a computer.
7) It pleased Dr. Wu to see that his research was being carried on by dedicated young people.
8) It takes courage to ask what other people regard as “stupid” questions.
9) It’s a pity that they’ve decided to cancel the trip. 10) It’s necessary to show your ID to the guard at the entrance whenever you want to enter the building.
3. Complete each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.
1) The soil on which the road was laid was sandy.
2) Last summer we visited the cave in which the Peking Man was discovered.
3) All members of the cast are expected to read the novel on which the film is based.
4) Every Spring Festival, he goes to see the peasant family with whom he worked 30years ago.
5) He said that he would keep forever the with which he had signed the first contrast for his company.
6) The little town, from which many scientists have sprung, is much reported by the media.
7) Zero degree centigrade is the freezing point at which
water turns to ice.
8) The Braille system is the main method by which blind people all over the world read.
9) Ms Li, from whom my sister took piano lessons three years ago, has started a school of her
own.
10) The type of PC you should buy depends on the purpose for which the PC is used.
4. Put in connectives.
1) while 2) that 3) until 4) while, and 5) if 6) when, but, that 7) that , as if 8) where, how, what 9) how, why 10) and
11) When, so, than, if, now(that) / since 12)When, if, unless, so that IV. Written Work
Write a paragraph of about 130 words, commenting on the two approaches to scientific research.
Sample:
The parable raises the question of what purposes science and technology should serve and criticizes two wrong approaches to scientific research. The military of the unnamed Caribbean country wanted to dominate the whole Caribbean by letting loose a plague capable of destroying whole nations. They tried to make a talented scientists invent a deadly germ. However, the scientist worked just for wonder, and not for use. He worked on the germ for some time until another fancy idea attracted him. He wanted to create an artificial blade of grass, and nothing could turn him away from this, not even the threat from the military, who finally had him executed. It should be an interesting debating topic what a scientist should work for. Should scientists care about the social consequences of their work? (132 words)
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