一、英语任务型阅读
1．根据短文内容列要点。
There are many things that you should be careful with when you are alone at home. Read the following situations to protect yourself.
Keep the door locked when you are alone at home. Many people think it's the best way to protect themselves.
Keep a list of phone numbers to call for help- such as 110, or a neighbour's number.
Be careful with the electrical appliances(电器). If you don't know how to use them, ask your parents. Make a safety check before going to sleep.
(Look through the keyhole when you hear the doorbell. If there are strangers, ask \"Who's that?\" with the door locked and say \"Come back later.\" Don't tell them that your parents are away. Say \"Mum's having a shower.\" or \"Dad's having a sleep.
Here's some information about how to ________ at home. Keep the door ________ when you're alone at home. To call for help, keep a list of ________. Before going to sleep, make a ________ of the electrical appliances. When you talk to strangers, ask \"Who's that?\" with the door locked and don't say your parents are ________.
【答案】 protect yourself；locked；phone numbers；safety check；away 【解析】【分析】主要讲了独自在家时怎样自我保护。
（1）根据Read the following situations to protect yourself.可知是讲了怎样在家保护自己，how to do sth.，怎样做某事，固定搭配，故填protect yourself。
（2）根据Keep the door locked when you are alone at home.可知独自在家时保持门锁着，故填locked。
（3）根据Keep a list of phone numbers to call for help- such as 110, or a neighbour's number.可知保存一系列电话号码来寻求帮助，故填phones numbers。
（4）根据Make a safety check before going to sleep.可知睡觉前做好安全检查，故填safety check。
（5）根据Don't tell them that your parents are away.可知不要告诉他们你的父母离开了，be away离开，故填away。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后从文中仔细寻找答案。
2．任务型阅读
Boys and girls, welcome to our radio club! Our club is very important in our school now. It was started by Tom ten years ago. When he found it was too quiet during the lunchtime, Tom advised the headmaster to set up a radio club, and he agreed. What great advice! Thanks to Tom, we have had many different programmes to listen to at lunchtime from then on. There is Music Time for us to listen to popular music. And you can hear your favourite songs if you tell us ahead of time. We can give advice on problems too. For example, how should we prepare for exams and how should we make friends? And we can also send your best wishes to your friends or teachers on
special days. Do you have a good voice? Can you come here to work on time? If the two answers are \"Yes\ 根据短文内容列要点。
This is some information about a radio club.________ started the club.
There are ________ programmes in the club. Students can listen to music in Music Time. Students can get advice on ________. It can also send ________ to your friends and teachers. To join the club, you need to have a good ________ and work on time. 【答案】 Tom；many；problems；wishes；voice 【解析】【分析】本文一些关于广播俱乐部的信息。
（1）根据 It was started by Tom ten years ago 这是汤姆十年前开始的 ，可知Tom创办了这个俱乐部，故答案是Tom。
（2）根据 we have had many different programmes ，可知俱乐部有许多不同节目 ， 故答案是many。
（3）根据 We can give advice on problems too ， 可知学生可以就问题得到建议 ， 故答案是problems。
（4）根据 we can also send your best wishes to your friends ， 可知我们也可以向你的朋友转达你最美好的祝愿 ， 故答案是wishes。
（5）根据 Do you have a good voice ，可知加入俱乐部需要好嗓子，故答案是voice。 【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
3．根据短文理解，回答下列各题。
CCTV reported that every year Chinese people throw away a lot of food; it can feed 200 million people for a year.
Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010. Six million children die of hunger every year.
Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, lost her job because she took some leftover(剩余的)food home for her son. Many people are by her side and criticized(批评)the waste behavior. What should we do in our daily life to waste less food? Here are some tips:
①Don't order too much food in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you order, take the rest of it home.
②Don't be too picky(挑剔的)about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.
③Don't keep too much food at home, especially vegetables and fruit.
“Every grain on the plate comes from hard work(谁知盘中餐, 粒粒皆辛苦).” It tells us everybody must save food.
（1）How many children die of hunger every year?
（2）Why did Li Hong lose her job?
（3）What should we do if we can't eat all the food we order?
（4）Can we keep too much food at home?
（5）What can we learn from the passage?
【答案】 （1）Six million.
（2）Because she took some leftover food home for her son.
（3）We should take the rest of it home.
（4）No, (We can't)
（5）We must save food.
【解析】【分析】⑴细节理解。根据第二段 Six million children die of hunger every year.可知答案是Six million。
⑵细节理解。根据第三段Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, lost her job because she took some leftover(剩余的)food home for her son. 可知李红被炒鱿鱼是因为她把剩饭带回家给她儿子。所以答案是Because she took some leftover food home for her son。
⑶细节理解。根据第一条建议 If you cannot eat all the food you order, take the rest of it home.可知答案是We should take the rest of it home.
⑷细节理解。根据第三条建议Don't keep too much food at home, especially vegetables and fruit.可知答案是No。
⑸主旨大意。根据最后一段总结可知We must save food。
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
4．下面短文中有四处需要添加小标题。阅读短文，然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并完成最后一题。
（1）从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题 A. Bad influences B. Sleeping hours C. The most tiring moments D. Good sleeping habits Sleep plays an important role in our life. A lack of sleep can influence our ability to work and study. ________
Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that. ________
Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains why students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day ________
People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%-10% of the traffic accidents in our life. And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table! ________
There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.
（2）The passage mainly encourages us to ________ (不得超过5个单词) 【答案】 （1）B；C；A；D （2）develop good sleeping habits
5．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
You must have heard about jogging(慢跑)as a popular way of keeping fit, but what about plogging? Plogging is a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase \"plocka upp\". It started as an organized activity in Sweden around 2016 and then spread to other countries step by step. For exercising, plogging is much better than simply running, because it provides changes in body movements by adding bending(弯曲), squatting(蹲) and stretching(伸展).
As 2018's hottest fitness way, plogging has become popular in more than 40 countries, from the US to France and Australia to Thailand. The idea of plogging is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health — to care for Mother Nature as well as your body. \"I run a lot and I love to spend time in nature. When I find litter out in the woods, it makes
me sad and a bit angry. Plogging is a natural way to do something about that,\" Tesch said.\" It's so easy to just pick up the litter and put it in the nearest bin, and it makes you feel that you're making a difference!\"
Have you noticed people jogging while carrying trash bags recently? Or running along with hands full of dirty plastic bottles? You might do soon! Because plogging has reached China. Olivier, a Frenchman married to a Chinese girl, began promoting(促进)plogging in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, back in April. He and his wife were the only ones doing it at first, he said, but the craze soon caught on. The couple have set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging. Currently there are more than 100 people from different parts of the country in the group to take an active part in the environmental movement. In honor of World Environment Day this year, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(中国工商银行)started plogging campaigns (运动)in 280 cities, attracting 13,000 people to join in.
Plogging can be done almost anytime and anywhere, and costs almost nothing. Will you take it up?
（1）What's the meaning of the word \"plogging\"? （2）Where did the activity first start?
（3）Up to 2018, how many countries has the activity spread to? （4）Why can the idea of plogging become so popular?
（5）How did Olivier and his wife make people learn more about plogging?
【答案】 （1）It's a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase \"plocka upp\". （2）In Sweden.
（3）More than 40 countries.
（4）Because it is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health./Because it cares for Mother Nature as well as your body.
（5）The couple set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging/By setting up a Wechat group for people to learn more about plogging.
6．任务型阅读
A different culture keeps my eyes and mind open. When I stayed in Russia (A)an exchange student, I learned about it.
One day, a Russian trend invited me to a (B)well-known restaurant in Moscow(莫斯科)I looked forward to trying local (当地的)food. After arriving there, I found nothing on the table but several small plates, on which there were nuts, a few slices(片)of tomatoes, and several pieces of onions. Although the dishes were simple, we drank a lot and I felt the passion(热情)from the bottom of his heart. In China, when we invite friends or relatives, we always treat them to a big dinner. We prepare as much food as we can(C) show our friendliness.
What a different culture it is l Even though we try our best, it's very (D) difficult to get used to their customs. Another Russian custom also impresses me deeply. As we know, it is very cold in winter there. When winter comes, (E)俄罗斯人喜欢游泳.They even take their kids outside
together. Like their parents, (F)Russian kids rub (擦)their bodies with snow before jumping into the water. Although the water is freezing cold, they all play happily in it. What fun it is to know about a different culture. （1）在文中(A)和(C)的空白处填入适当的单词： (A)________ (C)________
（2）写出文中划线部分(B)和(D)的同义词或近义词： (B)________ (D)________
（3）将文中划线部分(E)译成英语
（4）将文中划线部分(F)改写为：Russion kids rub their bodies with snow before________ ________into the water. （5）从文中拔出能说明本文主旨大意的短语。 【答案】 （1）as；to （2）famous；hard
（3）Russians like/love to swim/swimming./ Russians enjoy/are fond of /are keen on swimming （4）they；jump （5）A/a different culture
7．阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填写表格，每空限填一词。
Travelling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffic develops fast, so travelling to different places has become much faster than before. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful to you. Before leaving
●Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses.
●Take some necessary medicine with you. They can be used when you get sick or have other problems.
●Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip.
● Prepare proper food. Before you prepare the food, the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food. If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. They don’t go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables. While travelling
●Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. ●Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.
●Tap water is not safe, so drink bottled water and always clean the cover of the bottle. ●Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food, you should try to keep it hot. For example, you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice. When you arrive, put cold food in the fridge. Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold.
How to keep ________ during a trip ● Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and ________. Before leaving ●________ some necessary medicine with you. ● Exercise for weeks or months ________ you leave. ● Prepare proper food. Take bread, biscuits and some fruit for a ________ trip or bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables for a nearer one. ●________ eat dirty food or bad fruit. While ● Have enough ________ to take a rest during your trip. ● Keep food in good condition. ________ to keep hot food hot and cold food cold. 【答案】healthy/ fit；sunglasses；Take；before；long；travelling/ traveling；Don’t/ Never；time；bottled；Remember/ Try
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了旅行前的准备工作和旅行中应该的一些事项。 （1）根据第一段But do you know how to be in good health during a trip? The following information may be useful to you.及本列描述，可知填：healthy/fit （2）根据Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses可知填：sunglasses （3）根据Take some necessary medicine with you.可知填：Take
（4）根据Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave 描述，可知填：before （5）根据If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. 描述，可知填:long
（6）根据右栏内容，可知此处指的是旅行 中需要注意的事情，故填：travelling （7）根据Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit.可知填；Don't /never （8）根据Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.可知选time.
（9）根据so drink bottled water and always clean the cover of the bottle.描述，可知填：bottled
（10）根据Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold.描述，可知填：Remember/Try
【点评】本题中个别小题不能直接从文中找到答案，需要自己根据相关内容分析总结。一定要弄懂全文后再动手解答问题。书写答案时，注意首字母大写。为避免不必要的错误，只要能使用原文的就尽量使用原文回答问题，自己总结的答案注意人称和数的变化，要符合语法规则。
________ ● Drink ________ water and always clean the cover.
8．阅读短文，并按要求完成问题。
Critical thinking(批判性思维) is trying to improve the way you think. People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims(评估主张).
Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a problem comes our way, we need to think critically to decide how to solve it. When we see an advertisement, for example, we should stop and think. Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. But is what the advertisement says true? Is it making a
claim? Or does it only interest us? Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questions naturally about what we see.
Practice makes perfect. While you are growing in critical thinking, you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. There are many ways of doing practice. Here are a few.
Read about a topic people disagree on. Look at articles or books on all sides of the subject. For each side of the subject, think carefully and evaluate it.
When you see or hear a claim, ask questions about it. Who is making the claim and why? Evaluate your own thinking. Where and why do you think uncritically? How can you improve? Critical thinking should be part of everything we do. It may help you to succeed at work or school. Make yourself into a habit of critical thinking. Change your thoughts and change your world.
（1）People use critical thinking to ________ and evaluate claims. （2）Critical thinking can stop us from________.
（3）What kind of person will you become as you grow in critical thinking? （4）找出并写下第二段的主题句 （5）将文中画线句子译成汉语答案： 【答案】 （1）solve problems. （2）making poor choices.
（3）I'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. （4）Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. （5）它可能在工作或学校帮助你成功。
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍批判性思维的过程和应用。
（1）细节理解题。根据题意锁定第一段第二句“ People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims.”故填 solve problems。
（2）细节理解题。通过题目关键词找到第二段倒数第二句“ Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poorchoices,\"为原句可知答案 making poor choices。
（3）细节理解题。认真读题，通过关键词“ as you grow in critical thinking\"找到原句为第三段第二句“ While you are growing in critical thinking, you' II become a wiser and more thoughtful person.\"可知答案 I'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.
（4）考查主题句。段落的主题句通常为某段的第一句，此题也不例外。通过对第二段的理解可知，该段第一句为主题句，后面内容都是对第一句的举例及说明。故答案为 Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice.
（5）翻译时需要注意短语help sb to do帮助某人做某事；succeed“成功”的中文释义。故答案为 它可能在工作或学校帮助你成功。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
9．请阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词（注意：每空1个单词）。 What would you do if you felt anxious(焦虑的)？Would you feel better if someone else could share his or her experiences with you? In the United States, two teenage girls set up a mental health camp called \"Healing(治愈)Hearts\" to help people deal with anxiety.
The idea of creating the camp came from Dinah Martinez, 17, and her schoolmate Janet Martinez, 18. Both girls suffered from anxiety.
Dinah Martinez always did well in school. \"But then I just started to collapse(崩溃),\"Dinah Martinez said. She stopped talking to her friends, stopped going to school for three weeks and stayed at home.
Janet Martinez was anxious in elementary school. Things got even worse in junior high. \"It was a lot of pressure(压力)I put on myself. I would wake up in the morning and it was like my heart was racing,\" she said.
The girls' camp idea got support from Girls Leading Our World (GLOW) in the US. The organization awarded them $ 5,000 to put on the camp for other teenage girls.
The \"Healing Hearts\" camp was created to \"help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school because that's when they are the most vulnerable(脆弱的), \"Janet Martinez said. On the first day of the camp, 10 girls were there. Experts at the camp talked about anxiety. They helped girls who were experiencing anxiety. The girls learned how to calm themselves when they are anxious. They learned about calming methods like deep breathing and guided mediation(调节).
\"It's good to know that someone else is going through the same thing as me and we can both help each other out,\" Dinah Martinez said.
Title: The \"Healing Hearts\" Camp Background Two girls suffered from anxiety, so they ________up with the idea of setting up a mental health camp. Support Girls Leading Our World gave them an award of $ 5,000 to put on the camp for ________ teenage girls. ________ To help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school when they are the most vulnerable. Activities l Experts talked about anxiety and helped girls with anxiety. l The girls learned how to keep ________ when they are anxious, like deep breathing and guided mediation. Conclusion It's good to give a hand to those whose experiences are ________ to Dinah Martinez's. 【答案】 came；other；Purpose(s) /Aim(s) /Goal(s)；calm；similar 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍两个十几岁女孩在美国建立了一个叫做“治疗心脏”的心理健康营，帮助人们处理焦虑。
（1）根据原文The idea of creating the camp came from Dinah Martinez, 17, and her schoolmate Janet Martinez, 18. Both girls suffered from anxiety.两个女孩都焦虑不安。结合表格1，come up with ，想出，固定短语，根据前句中的suffered，要用一般过去时，come的过去式came，应填came。
（2）根据原文The girls' camp idea got support from Girls Leading Our World (GLOW) in the US. The organization awarded them $ 5,000 to put on the camp for other teenage girls.女童健康营的想法得到了美国女童领导世界（GLOW）的支持。该组织给他们5000美元，让他们为其他十几岁的女孩扎营。结合表格2，要用other，故填other。
（3）根据原文 The \"Healing Hearts\" camp was created to \"help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school because that's when they are the most vulnerable(脆弱的), \"表格3中 To help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school when they are the most vulnerable. 可知本段小标题是说明建立心理健康营的目的， 要用purpose/aims/goals，故填Purpose(s) /Aim(s) /Goal(s)
（4）由原文 Experts at the camp talked about anxiety. They helped girls who were experiencing anxiety. The girls learned how to calm themselves when they are anxious. 和表格4，可知keep，保持，连系动词，要用形容词作表语；此处要用calm，平静的，形容词，故填calm。
（5）由原文It's good to know that someone else is going through the same thing as me and we can both help each other out, 和表格5，空格前有连词动词，要用形容词作表语。根据原文可知与 Dinah Martinez's 的经历相似的，可以提供帮助，be similar to，与……相似，固定短语。故填similar。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
10．请先阅读下面短文掌提其大意然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中使短文意思通顺、结构完整。
Experts in nutrition(营养) suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables and fruit a day. They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well. They can help reduce (减少) the risk of getting ill. There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from and they taste delicious. ________
It's easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own? Here are several good reasons:
________ You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket.
You may want to cut down on your \"food miles\"-the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. ________ Homegrown food is likely to be healthier. Food producers often use fertilizers(化肥) and pesticides (农药) which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are
different.________ You might also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit. These often have more of the vitamins, minerals(矿物质) and protein(蛋白质) that keep you healthy. ________ And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony(R E). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage (排水) and a small plate under them to catch drops of water. Happy gardening!
A. Best of all, you can grow your own! B. But where to grow your own is a problem. C. That's not so good for you, or for the planet. D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh. E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy. F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat. G. So it's better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life. 【答案】 A；D；C；F；E 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍为了我们的健康，营养专家建议我们每天至少吃五种不同的蔬菜和水果。它们对我们的健康非常必要，帮助我们的身体工作良好。他们可以帮助减少生病的风险。最好自己种植的好处和在自己生产过程中控制化肥和农药。种植不受空间大小的限制。
A. Best of all, you can grow your own!最重要的是，你可以自己种植！ B. But where to grow your own is a problem.但是你自己在哪里成长是个问题 C. That's not so good for you, or for the planet.这对你，或者对这个星球都不好。 D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh.你自己种植的食物总是新鲜的。
E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy.如果你有一个大花园，那么自己种就容易了。
F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat.你可以控制你吃的食物中的食物。 G. So it's better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life. 所以在我们的日常生活中多吃蔬菜和水果更好。
（1）根据下文 so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own? 可知上文应该谈到水果和蔬菜要自己种植，故选A。
（2）根据上文 Here are several good reasons: 可知总说自己种植有好的理由，下文应具体说明故选D。
（3）根据上文You may want to cut down on your \"food miles\"-the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. 可知水果和蔬菜在运输上的失去保鲜的意义，也会产生腐烂环境，故选C.
（4）根据上文 Food producers often use fertilizers(化肥) and pesticides (农药) which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different.食品生产商经常使用化肥和农药，它们最终会进入你的食物。为了食物的健康就要控制化肥和农药进入你吃的食物， 故选F。
（5）根据下文And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a
balcony(R E). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage (排水) and a small plate under them to catch drops of water.可知自己种植的环境可以不受空间的限制。这些都是小的空间，可知推知上文应该选择一个大的空间种植，故选E。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。因此,我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断句子在文章中的位置。另外通过阅读选项。有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
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