102 英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解2

102 英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解2

2018全国卷Ⅱ

【高考真题解题例析】

为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中，下面以2018年英语高考全国卷Ⅱ中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何解题。

项目 卷别 2018全国卷Ⅱ 语篇 类型 说明文 主题语境 标题 阅读 总量 段落数与文本结构 易读度 题考查技号 能 36 37 38 39 40 连接 同义 重复 重复 重复 句际关系 条件 例证 解释 总分 总分 设题类型与层次 段落层次段 落层次段 落层次 主旨句 主旨句 人与自我之生活与学习：早晨锻炼的益处 216+73无 = 289 6 总分总结构 69.7

【高考真题】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle

whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37

● Your

metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the

mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

●

39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than

those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

● 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to

stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

Answers 36

A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up! 【语篇解析】 If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work 起 out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. ● 37 38 39 40 引入话题明确主题 总说 Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37 ● Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. ● 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for 平行并列关系 逐条分说 exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. ● 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the 照应 总结 mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long. 【解题过程】

第一步，快速浏览文章与选项，判定语篇类型、主题语境和篇章结构。快速浏览文章的首段、4个项目符后的段首主旨句以及文章的最后一段，就可知道本文是一篇“总—分—总”式结构说明文，留意首段中关键信息“exercise”和“benefits beyond being physically fit”就可知道本文的语篇话题是——人与自我之生活与学习：早晨锻炼的益处。本文的基本结构是：首段用来引入话题，明确文章的主旨；再由二至五段前的项目符以及二、三段的首句可知每一段用来说明一个方面的益处，并且每这四个段落结构相同，首句为主旨句，其它部分围绕主旨句展开；文章的最后一段再作以总结，与首段相呼应。

第二步，逐段阅读，充分利用语篇文本结构、段落结构、上下文逻辑关系、句式结构、词汇衔接等来断定每空应填入的选项。

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up! makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. awake 37 keep your E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. head clear ● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more ● 起 indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the work out do exercise regularly 引入话题明确主题 总 过渡 分说1 进一步说明 分说Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 metabolism 2 展开说明 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the burn calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your calories sleep. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. calorie burning ● 39 Studies found that people who woke up early sleep improves 分说 3 for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a slept better 概括主旨 than, peaceful sleep when you are very excited. peaceful B. Your quality of sleep improves. sleep 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, your diet you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices ● stick to 分说4 throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout stick to 概括healthy 主旨 by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on food choices positive choices. throughout A. You will stick to your diet. the day. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the 总结照应 mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

总结 G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!

第一段首句引入文章话题“exercise”，36题所选的句子是一个承上启下的过渡句。前一句中的“work out”和选项中的“do exercise regularly”在语意上相互衔接起来，根据上文“如果你准备抽出时间锻炼，那很好。”“但是由于忙碌的生活，很难抽出时间锻炼。”引出本文要说的事“晨练不仅对身体健康有益，还能给我们提供额外的好处。”所以G选项符合语境，意为“如果你计划定期锻炼或者现在已经定期锻炼了，那么听好了！”

第二段中37题前一句中的“makes you more awake”与选项中的“keep your head clear”相对应，选项对前一句作进一步说明。选项E意思是“锻炼后，你的头脑可以保持清醒4到10个小时”，呼应上一句“锻炼会让你更加神清气爽，更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。”

第三段38题的上一句说的是晨练有利于新陈代谢，下一句说的是晨练能帮助消耗卡路里，因此F句“锻炼后，这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑，因此选F。

观察第二段和第三段可知第四段39题的设空和第五段40题的设定都应该是段落的主旨句，并且会用到类似的句式结构。39空下一句讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处，因此B句“睡眠质量得以提高”符合逻辑，因此选B。40题的下一句讲的是如果晨练，你就更会坚持吃健康的食物，因此A句“你会坚持你的饮食习惯”符合逻