国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷66(题后含答案及解析)

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷66 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Use of English 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Writing

Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfe

PART ADirections: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.

听力原文：W: Hi, Larry! Are you waiting to see Professor Jameson, too?M: Yeah. Since I got one of the five highest grades in her managerial economies class, sheasked me if I’d be interested in working as her assistant next semester and I am here now for my interview.W: Oh, yes. I know all about that job. I did it two years ago.M: Really? Did you like it?W: I think it was the best job I’ve had at school. It paid 8 dollars an hour which was 3 dollars an hour more than I got working at he school post-office the year before.M: Wow! That’s a good salary. What did you do?W: I was in charge of grading all the problem sets that were assigned as homework. I never had trouble doing it. And, of course, Professor Jameson was always available to help me if I had some questions.M: I think I enjoy doing that sort of work. It would be very good experience for anyone thinking about becoming a teacher.W: Absolutely! You also learn how to use computer database because the records are kept on it. And building up your computer skill is a good preparation for lots of jobs.M: The job sounds great. But I am a little worried about how much time it might take.W: It’s pretty reasonable. It never took me more than five hours a week to do the grading and another thirty to forty-five minutes to record the grades on the computer.M: That sounds manageable. I guess you can do the work when it fits into your own schedule, too, can’t you?W: Oh, yes. You can do the grading in your room or in the library. You just need to get each set back to the next class. But that means you will always have at least two days and some times four.M: It sounds great.W: Good luck with your interview.

1． Why does the man come here?

正确答案：For an interview.

2． What subject do we know Professor Jameson teaches?

正确答案：Managerial economics.

3． What did the the woman do as Professor Jameson’s assistant?

正确答案：Grading students’ homework/assignment.

4． Another advantage of doing the job is to learn how to______.

正确答案：use computer database/improve computer skills

5． Approximately how much time does it take to do the grading and recording altogether in a week?

正确答案：(About)6 hours/5---6 hours.

PART BDirections: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.

听力原文： Then in the 1830s came the invention of the telegraph. The telegraphist could send messages from lands hundreds of miles away more quickly than a horseman could deliver a letter from the next village. Of course, mistakes were made and some of them were very funny. Sending a telegram to London from the other end of the world was at first very costly. So telegraphists used as few words as possible. Sometimes words were misspeh and the telegrams were difficult to understand. Here is a famous example. When the very first railway line was started in Queensland, Australia, the governor himself dug the first piece of earth. This was an important event. So a telegram was sent to London. It read, “Governor Queensland turns (digs) first sod ( piece of earth).” But when the telegram arrived, it read,” Governor Queensland twins’ first son. “The newspapers then printed the exciting news that the Governor’s wife had had twins, the first one being a boy! This came as a great surprise to everybody, because the governor was not married!

6． The telegraph was invented______.

正确答案：in the 1830s

7． The telegraphist could send messages more quickly than a horse man could______.

正确答案：deliver a letter

8． Because sending a telegram was at first costly, telegraphists used as few words______.

正确答案：as possible

9． Sometimes words were miss pelt and the telegrams were difficult______.

正确答案：to understand

10． The news came as a great surprise to everybody, because the governor______.

正确答案：was not married

PART CDirections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When crops were good, the economy was good; when the crops failed, there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation. War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Ex change. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due, only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups asked for firmer controls, but governments had no wish to become in volved, at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild. Anxious to check inflation and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Ex change trading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canada Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set prices.

11． Which of following is true about the urban people of Western Canada during the early years of the century?

A．They paid no special attention to information about the production and the price of wheat.

B．They might casually take the growing of wheat as a topic of conversation. C．They also grew wheat in their backyards.

D．They were as much concerned with the wheat production and selling as the farmers.

正确答案：D

12． When did most farmers have to pay their debts? A．When crop failure caused depression.

B．When the autumn harvest had just been completed. C．When the wheat prices became increasingly high.

D．As soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment.

正确答案：B

13． Why did the government appoint a board of grain supervisors in 1917? A．To meet the farmers’ request for firmer control. B．To hold back inflation and rising living costs.

C．To fix the grain prices so that the farmers could be better rewarded for their work.

D．To establish a full authority to buy, sell and set prices.

正确答案：B

听力原文： Movies are the most popular form of entertainment for millions of Americans. They go to the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting than their own. They will choose to see a particular film because they like the actor or because they hear that the film has a good story. But the main reason why people go to the movies is to escape. Sitting in the dark theatre, watching the images on the screen, they enter another world that is very real to them. They become involved in the lives of the characters in the movie and for two hours they forget all about their own problems. They are in a dream world where things often appear to be more romantic and beautiful than in real life. The biggest three factories are in Hollywood, the capital of the film industry. Each year, Hollywood studios make hundreds of movies that are shown all of the world. American movies are popular because they tell interesting stories and they are well made. They provide the public with heroes who do things the average person would like to but often can’t. People have to cope with many problems and frustration in their life, so they feel encouraged when they see the good guys win in the movies.

14． What’s the main reason for the Americans to go to the movies? A．To enjoy a good story.

B．To see the actors and actresses. C．To experience an exciting life. D．To escape their everyday life.

正确答案：D

15． How do people usually respond when they are watching movies? A．They feel that everything on the screen is familiar to them.

B．They are touched by the life-stories of the actors and actresses. C．They try to turn their dreams into reality.

D．They become so involved that they forget their own problems.

正确答案：D

16． Why are American movies so popular?

A．Because they are well-made and the stories are interesting.

B．Because the heroes have to cope with many problems and frustrations. C．Because the characters in the movies are free to do whatever they like. D．Because good guys in the movies always win in the end.

正确答案：A

听力原文： What kind of car we will drive by the year 2020? Rather different from the type we know today. With the next decade bringing greater change than the past 50 years, people who will design the models of tomorrow believe that environmental problems may well accelerate the pace of the car’s development. The vision is that of a machine with 3 wheels instead of 4, electrically-powered, environmentally clean and able to drive itself along intelligent roads, e quipped with built-in power supplies. Future cars will pick up the fuel during long journeys from a power source built into the, road, or stored in small quantities for traveling in the city. Instead of today’s seating arrangement two in front, two or three behind, all facing forward, the 2020 car will have an interior with adults and children in a family circle. This view of future car is based on a much more sophisticated road system. Cars will be automatically controlled by a computer. All the driver will have to do is to say where to go and the computer will do the rest. It will become impossible for cars to crash into one another. The technology already exists for the car to become a true automobile.

17． What is the designer’s vision of the cars of tomorrow? A．They will be much bigger. B．They will have more seats. C．They will have three wheels.

D．They will need intelligent drivers.

正确答案：C

18． What else does the passage tell us about the future car? A．It doesn’t need to be refueled. B．It will use solar energy as fuel.

C．It will be driven by electrical power.

D．It will be more suitable for long distance travel.

正确答案：C

19． What is the seating arrangement for future cars?

A．Passengers in the car may be seated facing one another.

B．The front seats will face forward and the back seats backward. C．Special seats will be designed for children. D．More seats win be added.

正确答案：A

20． What is the only thing the driver of the future car has to do? A．Choose the right route. B．Refuel the car regularly. C．Start the engine.

D．Tell the computer where to go.

正确答案：D

Section II Use of English (15 minutes)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

“Intelligence” at best is an assumptive construct--the meaning of the word has never been clear. There is 【21】______ agreement on the kinds of behavior 【22】______ by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them. 【23】______ it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas 【24】______ , make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical 【25】______ in solving problems. An intelligence test is a 【26】______ measure of a child’s capacity for learning, 【27】______ for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical 【28】______ , manual skills, or artistic abilities. It was not designed 【29】______ such purposes. To criticize it for such failure is roughly 【30】______ to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. The other thing we have to 【31】______ is that the assessment of the intelligence of any 【32】______ is essentially a comparative affair. We must be sure that the 【33】______ with which we are comparing our subjects provides a” valid” or “fair” comparison. 【34】______ this, any test performed involves at least three factors: the 【35】______ to do one’s best, the knowledge required for under standing 【36】______ you have to do, and the 【37】______ ability to do it. The first two must be equal for all that are being compared, if any comparison 【38】______ intelligence is to be made. No one is 【39】______ interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; instead we are interested in 【40】______ we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence”.

21． 【21】 A．too much B．less C．more D．so much

正确答案：C

解析：more(less)…than结构，此外从全文的逻辑意义上来看，人们更多地认为“智力”是指行为，而不是用“智力”的高低来解释人的行为或将其分类。所以排除less选项。

22． 【22】 A．related with B．referred to C．applied to

D．brought forward

正确答案：B

解析：此处为一分词短语做定语，the kinds of behavior referred to by the term译作“该词所指的种种行为”。

23． 【23】 A．So B．But

C．Otherwise D．Even

正确答案：B

解析：前一句话说的是人们对“intelligence”的理解不尽相同，此句则列出一种人们总体上都认同的观点。从逻辑上看此处是转折关系，所以选but。

24． 【24】 A．readily

B．conveniently C．smoothly D．accessibly

正确答案：A

解析：readily欣然，容易地；conveniently，方便地；smoothly，平稳地；accessibly，可接近地。readily更符合原文意思。

25． 【25】

A．formulas B．marks C．symbols D．signals

正确答案：C

解析：symbol能同时与verbal(语言的)和mathematical(数学的)搭配，解释为“符号”。而formula(公式)只能与mathematical搭配，其他两项与句意不符。

26． 【26】 A．tough B．rough C．thorough D．harsh

正确答案：B

解析：rough意为“大致的”，为正确选项。其他不符合文意。

27． 【27】 A．specially B．specifically C．evenly

D．particularly

正确答案：D

解析：specially强调“专门地；独特地；用独特的方式”。specifically强调“更准确地”；generally强调“总体上”；particularly强调“尤其是，特别，格外”。此处 particularly相当于especially，强调具体所指的对象。此句译作：智能测试是对一个孩子的学习能力，尤其是学习学校要求学的知识的能力进行大致地测量。

28． 【28】 A．endurance B．durability C．figure D．elasticity

正确答案：A

解析：endurance指体能的耐力，正符合文意。durability指材料的结实耐久性。fig ure指身材；人物；数据；图。elasticity指弹性。

29． 【29】 A．for B．on

C．by D．with

正确答案：A

解析：智能测试的宗旨不是为此目的。只有for表示“为了……目的”。

30． 【30】 A．comparative B．comparable C．incompatible D．comparing

正确答案：B

解析：comparative比较的，相对的；incompatible不协调的，不一致的；comparing比较的；comparable可比较的，比得上的，常与介词with或to搭配。

31． 【31】 A．spot B．identify C．detect D．notice

正确答案：D

解析：spot认出，发现[口语用法]；identify辨别身份；detect监测出；notice注意到。此句意思为“我们还要注意到它的另一个局限性”。

32． 【32】 A．subject B．object

C．subordinate D．target

正确答案：A

解析：此处译为“测试的对象”，只有subject符合文意。

33． 【33】 A．ruler

B．parameter C．scale D．variable

正确答案：C

解析：ruler直尺；parameter参数；variable变量；只有scale标准尺度，符合文意。

34． 【34】 A．In line with B．With respect to C．In spite of

D．In contrast with

正确答案：A

解析：in line with意为“与……保持平行，与……相符合”。

35． 【35】 A．faculty B．facilities C．proficiency D．intention

正确答案：D

解析：文章此处指的是“意愿”，而非“能力”。intention由后面的to do one’s best修饰。

36． 【36】 A．what B．how C．that D．which

正确答案：A

解析：这是个宾语从句，应由what引导。

37． 【37】 A．intelligence B．intellect C．intellectual D．intellectually

正确答案：C

解析：此处只有intellectual是形容词，用来修饰名词ability最合适。

38． 【38】 A．according to B．in terms of C．in disregard of D．as to

正确答案：B 解析：according to根据；in disregard of不顾，无视；as to至于，关于；in terms of就……而言。此处的语境决定应选in terms of解释为“就智力因素的比较而言”。

39． 【39】 A．at least B．in the least C．at the least D．least of all

正确答案：B

解析：at least=at the least至少，起码；least of all=particularly not尤其不；in the least=at all根本。此句从逻辑意义上看应该选择in the least解释为：没有人会从根本上(真正地)在意小孩的智力测试得了多少分。

40． 【40】 A．that B．how C．whether D．when

正确答案：C

解析：whether...or结构。尽管这四个选项都可以引导名词性从句作介词in的宾语，但从意义上看选whether更为恰当。

Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)

Part BDirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human ceils that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the g-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finland’s Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,” Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain’s protective shield against harmful substances. The study

focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that

such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink—not the blood vessels but the cells themselves—and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass.” he said. Leszezynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,” he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimer’s disease. “Where the truth is I do not know,” he said. Leszezynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use.

41． According to Leszezynski, how does mobile phone affect one’s health? A．Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable.

B．Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly.

C．Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. D．Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed.

正确答案：A

解析：文章论述的是手机导致人体细胞变化，所以从“The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的)．”

42． What’s the result of the French study?

A．The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening. B．Mobile phone may affect one’s normal way of thinking. C．Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. D．A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation.

正确答案：C 解析：从倒数第三段的末尾句可以看出，法国的研究成果是手机辐射是失眠、头痛等毛病的原因。选项中提到的是其中一条。

43． What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? A．Fatigue.

B．Headache.

C．Alzheimer’s disease. D．Tuberculosis.

正确答案：D

解析：从文章内容上看，手机导致的疾病有好几种，但都是与头脑有关。用排除法可排除 Tuberculosis。

44． According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone?

A．People will be forbidden to use mobile phone.

B．People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation. C．People will continue to use mobile phone.

D．There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone.

正确答案：C

解析：从最后研究人员的几句话可以判断手机影响程度到底如何还不知道，而且提到研究人员自己以及其家人还在用手机，可推测手机的使用不会因为这些还不确切的科学发现而停止。

45． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect one’s brain.

B．Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells.

C．Increased protein activity might cause ceils to shrink.

D．Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research.

正确答案：D

解析：此题用排除法比较容易解决。文章最后提到Leszczynski自己、家人都在用手机，没有任何迹象表明他禁止他们用手机，所以答案是D。

The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40 percent when I joined the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 percent when I left. But I don’t think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I regulated film. The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to find a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material that’s now going totally unregulated into people’s homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental control is never going to be sufficient. I’m still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players don’t so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略) that

enable you to win. But in respect of violence in mainstream films, I’m more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and it’s no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio—that has taken everybody by surprise. Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you will find virtually none that we are violent. Quentin Tarantino didn’t usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected. Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect sound and picture and very comfortable seats, thins which had died out in the 1980s. I can’t believe we’ve achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling around a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally-delivered movies at home. It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but remaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. People’s working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them—like making videos. Fifty years on we could well be media saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week.

46． Which of the following about Internet is true according to the passage? A．The Internet is the greatest progress for this century. B．Efforts are needed to control Internet.

C．Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission.

D．The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing.

正确答案：B 解析：文章第二段开门见山提到因特网是个大问题，整段内容都与因特网有关，所以不难判断出作者的意见是对因特网要采取一定的控制。

47． What kind of film does the author dislike? A．Violent films. B．Comedy.

C．European films.

D．Films acted by Leonardo.

正确答案：A

解析：提到暴力游戏的时候，作者表示深切的担忧，虽然他说对电影里的暴力还是比较乐观的，但接下去一段又提到欧美成功的电影几乎是没有暴力的，说明作者不喜欢暴力电影。

48． What does “that” in “I can’t believe we’ve achieved that only to throw it away I favor... “(Para. 5) refer to?

A．Digitally-delivered movies

B．Multiplexes

C．Advanced camera D．Sound

正确答案：B

解析：第五段提到新式多幕电影院，后面以14英寸的电脑屏幕作对比，说明that指代的是电影院，而非其他东西。

49． What is the author’s attitude toward the future of film? A．Positive B．Negative C．Uncertain D．Worried

正确答案：A 解析：最后一段作者提到以后大概连信也不用写，而用拍一些家庭影片来传递信息，说明他认为电影不会被淹没。

50． What does “media-saturated” in “Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as...” (Para. 6) mean?

A．Be tired of media

B．Be fully affected by media C．Be driven mad by media D．Be benefited by media

正确答案：B

解析：关键是saturated这个词，意思是饱和。因此从上下文“Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as producers as well as audience；instead of writing letters，one will send little home movies entitled My Week．”可以判断答案是B。

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, belief and ways bf life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages. People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped form of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind the Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all This study of language, in turn, casts a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all

cultures are to viewed independently, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.

51． The author uses “backward” here to indicate that ______. A．backward languages are connected with backward groups B．backward languages are connected with backward cultures C．backward languages are moving forward D．there is no such thing as backward languages

正确答案：C

解析：作者在backward一词加上了引号，表明自己虽然使用这个词，但与其通常的含义是不同的，从作者的结论来看，他不承认语言之间有等级划分，当然也就没有先进和落后之分，因此D应当是正确答案。

52． The example of American Indian languages in the passage is to illustrate that ______.

A．American Indian languages are not backward

B．Backward languages are borrowing from other languages

C．backward languages may possess quite complicated vocabularies D．Western languages may also borrow from “backward” languages

正确答案：C

解析：这里提问的是作者使用例子的目的，回答时应当联系上下文，尤其是作者在例子之前进行的论述，因为例子正是为了证明这些论述的。A是就事论事，是对例子本身的解释；B和D都没有联系上文；C是正确答案，是例子所要进一步阐明的观点。

53． According to the author, “backward” languages tend to expand in ______. A．grammatical structures B．vocabularies C．complication D．sound patterns

正确答案：B

解析：文中提到“All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion”，因此“backward”languages也不例外，在词汇方面有扩张的倾向，所以B是正确答案。

54． Judging from the passage, the author might be ______. A．an American Indian B．a Canadian C．an African D．a Japanese

正确答案：B

解析：根据文章内容判断，作者在文中所用的“our languages”和“Western languages”所指相同，因此作者应当是西方人；而从作者以美国印第安人语言举例情况来看，作者不是美国印第安人，所以B的可能性最大。

55． The best title for this passage is ______. A．Criticism of Language Hierarchy

B．Cultural Englitarian from the Perspectives of Language C．Expansion of “Backward” Language D．Criticism of Language Hierarchy

正确答案：B

解析：本文开头段和结尾段讲的都是文化的问题，强调文化的平等主义，从中间几段来看，是在借文化当中的语言来进一步证明文化之间的平等，因此B应当是正确答案；其他几个答案都只看到了文章的部分内容，以偏概全。

The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR(public relation). Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not belong before London replaces New York as the capital of PR. Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country. Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the would so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.

56． According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being

threatened because of ______.

A．shrinking cultural differences and new communication technologies B．increased efforts of other countries in public relations

C．an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies D．the decreasing number of multinational corporations technologies

正确答案：B

解析：本题询问的是美国在公共关系业中的领袖地位受到威胁的原因是什么。从文章的第一段可以判断A、D、C所涉及的三点是公共关系业迅速发展和增长的原因，与题意不符。而根据第二段的内容可以肯定B为正确答案。

57． The underlined word “provincial” (Para. 3) most probably means”______”. A．rigid in thinking

B．interested in world financial affairs C．like people from the provinces D．limited in outlook

正确答案：D 解析：这里要求猜测单词“provincial”的意义。根据上下文，作者在指出“作为一个总体，美国人倾向provincial”，紧接着又说“(美国人)对地方事务更感兴趣”，“这个国家(美国)的雇员的地理知识从来就不是那么优秀”，可见provincial应具有与local类似的意思，四个选项中D；“狭小的世界观”最为贴切；而选项B“对世界金融事务感兴趣”与以上分析相矛盾；选项A和C“思维刻板的”和“像来自乡下的人”则无从推测。

58． London could soon replace New York as the centre of PR because ______. A．British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companies B．British companies are heavily involved in planning activities C．British companies are more ambitious than U.S.

D．Four of the world’s top public relations agencies are British-owned

正确答案：A 解析：“不久伦敦就会代替纽约成为公共关系业的中心”是文章第二段最后得出的结论，其依据在第二段“The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative． A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities，compared to ab

59． We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry ______.

A．enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications B．speak at least one foreign language fluently C．are ignorant about world geography

D．are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts

正确答案：D

解析：从“In the financial PR area，for instance，most Americans read the Wall Street Journal．”可以判断A是不正确的，而从“American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language．”又可以判断B是错误的，“Knowledge of world geography，for example，has never been

60． What lesson might be the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?

A．The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies.

B．People involved in PR should avoid suing the word “foreign”. C．American PR companies should be more internationally minded. D．People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.

正确答案：C 解析：根据Ted Turner of CNN所声称的“...the word ‘foreign’ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts”，可见CNN的发展方向要放眼全世界，把世界作为自己的事业的着眼点．作者之所以引用这个例子，是想以此建议“美国的公共关系公司也要更多地胸怀世界”，可见C为正确答案。

Part DDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

American and Japanese researchers are developing a smart car that will help drivers avoid accidents by predicting when they are about to make a dangerous move. The smart car of the future will be able to tell if drivers are going to turn, change lanes, speed up, slow down or pass another car. If the driver’s intended action could lead to an accident, the car will activate a warning system or override the move. 【61】”By shifting the emphasis of car safety away from design of the vehicle itself and looking more toward the driver’s behavior, the developers believe that they can start to build cars that adapt to suit people’s needs,” New Scientist magazine said. Alex Pentland of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology collaborated on the project with Andrew Liu who works for the Japanese carmaker Nissan. 【62】 Tests of their smart car using a driving simulator have shown that it is 95 percent accurate in predicting a driver’s move 12 seconds in advance. 【63】 The system is based on driving behavior which the researchers say can be divided into chains of sub-actions which include preparatory moves. It monitors the driver’s behavior patterns to predict the next move. “To make its predictions, Nissan’s smart car uses a computer and sensors on the steering wheel, accelerator and brake to monitor a person’s driving patterns. 【64】 A brief training session, in which the driver is asked to perform certain maneuvers, allows the system to calculate the probability of particular actions occurring in two-second time segments,” the magazine said. Liu has also done work on tracking eye movement to predict driving behavior. 【65】 He said the smart car could be adapted to monitor eye movement which could give even

earlier predictions of when a driver is about to make a wrong move.

61． 【61】

正确答案：“研究人员相信，将提高驾车安全的重点从车辆的设计上转移到更多地注意司机的行为，他们就能着手制造适应人们需要的汽车。”

解析：句子框架是“By shifting the emphasis...and looking more...,the developers believe that they can start to build cars that adapt to suit people’s needs，”。此句的主干是 the developers believe that...，宾语从句里cars又跟有that引导的定语从句；前面介词by引导由and连接的并列动名词构成方式状语；adapt to意思为“适应”，这里可翻译为“面向，旨在”。

62． 【62】

正确答案：用模拟驾驶装置对智能汽车的测试表明，提前12秒预测驾驶员动作的准确性达到95%。

解析：句子框架是Tests...have shown that it is 95 percent accurate in predicting a driver’s move 12 seconds in advance。此句的主干包含了一个宾语从句：Tests...have shown that...。using a driving simulator是现在分词结构作定语，修饰smart car，that宾语从句中介词in表示“在…方面”。move在这里作名词，in advance翻译为“提前”。

63． 【63】

正确答案：这套系统是以驾驶动作为基础开发的，研究人员认为可以把驾驶过程分为一系列的动作，包

解析：句子框架是The system is based on driving behavior which...can be divided into chains of sub-actions which include preparatory moves。此句的主干是一个简单句：The system is based on driving behavior，但后面有两个which引导的定语从句，第一个修饰driving behavior，第二个修饰sub-actions；the researchers say作为插入成分。chains of翻译为“一系列”。

64． 【64】

正确答案：括预备性的动作。

解析：句子框架是A brief training session,...，allows the system to...本句是个简单句，主语后有which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰，occurring in...现在分词作时间状语修饰actions。

65． 【65】

正确答案：在一个短暂的训练过程中，驾驶员被要求完成一些规定动作，这个训练过程让系统计算出在两秒钟的时间内发生某些特定动作的概率。

解析：句子框架是He said the smart car could be adapted to...movement which could give even earlier predictions of when a driver is about to make a wrong move。这句中首先包含了一个宾语从句：He said that...；宾语部分里又含有which引导的定语从句，但它并不是修饰紧在其前的eye movement，这里which是指代前面说的整件事；when引导的从句做介词of的宾语；be about to do表示“将要做……”。

Section IV Writing (35 minutes)

66． Directions:It is often claimed that women have achieved greater freedom and have access to the same opportunities as men. The pie charts below show some employment patterns in Great Britain. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the charts below.You should write at least 150 words.

正确答案： The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in employment in 6 broad categories, divided into manual and non-manual occupations. In general, a greater percentage of women work in non manual occupations than work in manual occupations, and the re verse is true for men. In the non-manual occupations, while a greater percentage of working women than men are found in clerical type positions, there is a smaller percentage of women than men employed in managerial and professional positions. The percentage of women employed in other non-manual occupations is slightly larger than the percentage of men in these occupations. In manual employment, the biggest difference between the two sexes is in the employment of craft workers, where males make up 21% of the workforce and females just 4.5%. Furthermore, the percentage of women working as general labourers is very small, only 0.5%. There is not a great deal of difference between the percentage of men doing other forms of manual work (28%) and women in other manual work (32%). In conclusion, the two charts clearly show that women do not have the same access as men to certain types of employment.