完形填空夹议论文
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 9 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 10 but are soon looking forward to 11 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 12 , who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 13 drove for hours at a time when they first 14 their driver’s licenses(执照)? Before people retire, they usually 15 to do a lot of 16 things, which they never had 17 to do while working. But 18 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 19 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 20 . 1. A. principle
D. power
B. races
C. countries
B. habit
C. way
2. A. parties
D. ages
3. A. working
D. going
B. living C. playing
4. A. confidence
D. sorrow
B. interest C. anxiety
5. A. same
B. extra C. funny
D. expensive
B. colorfully-printed
C. newly-collected
6. A. well-organized
D. half-filled
7. A. broad
D. main
8. A. silently
D. worriedly
9. A. promise
D. game
10. A. courage
D. excitement
11. A. graduation
D. success
12. A. children
D. retirees
13. A. carefully
D. bravely
14. A. required discovered 15. A. need
D. plan
16. A. great
D. correct
17. A. time
D. knowledge
18. A. only
soon 19. A. lost
D. quit
B. passing
B. impatiently
B. burden
B. calmness
B. independence
B. students B. eagerly B. obtained B. learn B. strange B. money
B. well
B. chose C. different
C. gladly
C. right
C. confusion
C. responsibility
C. adults
C. nervously
C. noticed C. start
C. difficult
C. skills
C. even
C. left
D.
D.
20. A. pets
B. toys C. friends
D. colleagues
【文章大意】本文通过举例说明这样一个道理：各种形式的活动，如果人们经常做，都
会产生厌倦情绪。
7.B 【解析】这些东西说明很多人曾经喜欢某一件事，结果半途而废。他们的兴趣是短暂的
(passing)。故选B。
8.C 【解析】当父母带回家一只宠物时，孩子高兴地(gladly)给它洗澡、刷毛。 9.B 【解析】但是，过不了多久，照顾动物的重担(burden)又被移交给了父母。 10.D 【解析】青少年带着极大的兴奋之情(excitement)进入高中。 11.A 【解析】但是，不久他们就盼望着毕业(graduation)。
12.C 【解析】前句中的young adults暗示下文谈论的是成年人。根据文意可知，抱怨每天
开车上班花费时间长的人，应该是成年人。
13. B 【解析】而当他们刚刚拿到驾照时，他们翘首企盼(eagerly)一次开好几个小时。
eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。
【巧学妙记】
议论文是一种剖析事理、论述事物、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。议论文是高考完形填空题中较难的一种体裁，它一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和结论。做好这类题的关键在于要抓住作者的论点。
议论文中对于论点的提出通常有三种形式： 1. 开门见山，直接提出论点
在有些议论文中作者开头就提出论点，通过论证，最后提出自己的看法，或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。一般来说，这种形式的议论文作者态度明确，我们也能很容易地把握作者对某一件事的看法。
2. 导入式提出论点
在有些议论文中，作者并不是直接提出自己的观点，而是通过对某一现象的论述来赞扬或批评某一事物，进而提出自己的观点，然后再用具体的论据去证明自己的观点。
3. 水到渠成式得出结论
在有些议论文中作者开头只是列举一系列生活中的现象，而不是表明自己的观点，通过对具体现象的分析，最后自然得出结论，而此结论就是文章的论点。
议论文形式的完形填空不像记叙文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我们对整个文章的把握相对来说也难得多。解答这类题要遵循下列原则：
1. 从首尾句入手，抓住中心
议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。因此，文章的第一、二句话通常为文章的主题句，而文章的结尾句常为文章的结论。由此可见，我们必须充分利用文章的首尾句，推测出文章的中心，从而理解全文。
2. 紧扣信息词，把握作者观点
考生要弄清文章的行文逻辑，如转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、对比关系、让步关系、指代关系等。有时文章的第一、二段并不是作者的观点，而是对某个事物的介绍或描述，然后用信息词，如but，however，yet等将自己的观点引出，因此，阅读时一定要特别留意这些信息词。
3. 从语境入手，确定逻辑关系
句与句之间总要反映出因果、假设、条件、类推等逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系常常通过on the one hand, on the other hand, as a result, as a consequence, on the contrary, above all, first of all, secondly, finally, in case等单词或短语表达出来。但有时作者并不使用这些单词或短语，而是将逻辑关系暗含于文章中，这就需要考生根据语境来确定逻辑关系。
4. 理清文章的论点、论据和结论
如果我们连论点、论据、结论都没把握住的话，只能是漫无目的地选择答案了。一般说来，能说明论点的答案可以在论据里得到印证，且作为论点的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点与论据相辅相承，从而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论点与论据相悖，最后的结论与论点自相矛盾，那就说明我们对文章的把握缺乏条理性和系统性，我们就需重新来理顺文章的各部分，直到条理清楚为止，然后再根据自己对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
Why do we need inspiration? The answer is purely psychological. According to a magazine on 1 , by the time a child reaches the age of 18, the concept of ＂No, you can’t!＂ has been strengthened 187 000 times, 2 the concept of ＂Yes, you can!＂ has been strengthened 3 about 25—30 times.
With this in mind, it is no 4 that so many people grow up to be failures or less than successful. Today’s society 5 us this way. We simply do not believe we can win. Personally, I was 6 . While I grew up, my parents, teachers and classmates gave me tons of inspiration and 7 to pursue my creative abilities in both music and art. My wife taught in public school for over three decades, 8
my skills and knowledge to develop. Although we are by no 9 financially independent, by working at home and being 10 to our three children, I feel extremely successful in my quality of life.
I have always believed ＂true living＂ is 11 each day to work at what you love to do more than 12 else in the world. But, most people become programmed — work hard and make a living whether they 13 doing the work or not — perhaps at the 14 of life.
In order to be truly 15 financially, emotionally and spiritually, you’ve got to be filled with 16 for what you are doing. Talent is a gift, but it must first be 17 , then developed.
Once this passion grows into a highly trained skill, you will become an extremely knowledgeable and a highly 18 specialist.
To identify your talent, you must first search for your major 19 . When you find something you truly love doing, study and training seem 20 . 1.A.psychology astronomy 2.A.since
B. while
C. when
B. medicine
C. physics
D.
D. until
B. well
C. still
3.A.already
D. only
4.A.point
B. wonder C. doubt
D. sense
B. excites
C. programs
5.A.inspires
D. prevents
B. healthy
C. curious
6.A.ambitious
D. fortunate
7.A.encouragement
D. comment
B. books C. demands
8.A.stopping
D. limiting
B. helping C. allowing
9.A.method
B. means C. way
D. condition
B. available
C. accessible
10.A.familiar
D. affordable
B. working
C. struggling
11.A.waking
D. enjoying
12.A.something everything 13.A.keep
D. like
B. anything C. nothing D.
B. avoid C. deny
14.A.mercy bottom
B. rate C. expense D.
15.A.successful independent 16.A.strength
D. passion
B. wealthy C. capable D.
B. hope C. concern
17.A.developed
D. invented
B. admitted C. discovered
18.A.paid
B. skilled C. experienced
D. found
B. problem
C. advantage
19.A.skill
D. interest
B. priceless
C. effortless
20.A.worthless
D. powerless
【文章大意】本文为议论文，议论的内容是我们都需要被激励，以便能在经济上、情感上以及精神上获得成功，从而过上自己喜欢的真正的生活。
1.A 【解析】考查语境选词。由上文中的＂The answer is purely psychological＂可知，
此处表示有关心理学的杂志，故选A。medicine＂医学＂，physics＂物理学＂，astronomy＂天文学＂。
2.B 【解析】考查连词的用法。此处为两组数据＂187 000 times＂和＂about 25—30 times＂
的对比，故用while。since表示原因，when表示时间，until＂直到……＂，均不符合语境。
3.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。此处强调数量少，故用only，表示＂Yes， you can!＂仅被
强化了25次到30次。此处与上文中的＂‘No，you can’t!’has been strengthened 187 000 times＂构成对比。
7.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。由语境＂While I grew up， my parents， teachers and
classmates gave me tons of inspiration ＂可知，应用encouragement与inspiration相呼应。此处表示在我成长过程中，父母、老师、同学给了我很多鼓励。 8.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。此处讲述的是自己的幸运之处，因此用allow sth. to do sth.
符合语境。此处表示我的妻子在公立学校教书教了三十多年，使得我的知识和技能得到发展。
9.B 【解析】考查语境选词。由前面的介词by可知应用by no means＂决不，一点也不＂。
此处表示我们在经济上没有独立。
10.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指的是有空陪三个孩子。familiar＂
熟悉的＂；available
＂可获得的，有空的＂；accessible＂可到达的＂；affordable＂买得起的＂。结合语境可知选B。
11.A 【解析】考查语境选词。我一向认为真正的生活是每天醒来(wake)做自己喜欢做的事。
按照生活常识可知一天是从醒来开始的。work＂工作＂；struggle＂努力＂；enjoy＂喜欢＂，注意enjoy后不接不定式。
12.B 【解析】考查不定代词的用法。more than anything else为常用表达，此处将喜欢
的事情和世界上其他任何事情进行对比，表示我一向认为真正的生活是每天醒来做自己喜欢做的事而不是别的任何事情。
13.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。本段第一句可知我主张要做自己喜欢做的事情，此处讲的是
另一类人的情况，他们不管自己喜欢(like)与否，就像被设定了程序一样，以自己的生命为代价努力为谋生而工作，故选D。
14.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。参考上题解析可知，此处表示以自己的生命为代价努力为谋
生而工作。故选C。at the expense of ...＂在牺牲……的情况下＂，at the mercy of ...＂任由……摆布＂，at the bottom of... ＂在……的底部＂，at the rate of...＂以……的速度＂。
18.A 【解析】考查语境选词。一旦热情变为一项技能，你将成为非常博学的、待遇很高的
专家。结合语境可知选A。
19.D 【解析】考查语境选词。由下文中的＂When you find something you truly love
doing＂可知，应用interest。此处表示要发现你的天赋，你需要首先找出你真正爱好的是什么。skill＂技能＂，problem＂问题＂，advantage＂优势＂。
20.C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。一旦你找到真正热爱做的事情，学习和训练似乎毫不费力
(effortless)。worthless＂无价值的＂；priceless＂无价的＂；effortless＂容易的，不需费力的＂；powerless＂无影响力的＂。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
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