葡萄酒的鉴定

第一步，从标签看该葡萄酒所属的级别前文讲过，法国法律将法国葡萄酒分为4级：

1。法定产区葡萄酒 AOC 2。优良地区餐酒 VDQS 3。地区餐酒 VIN DE PAYS 4。日常餐酒 VIN DE TABLE

详情参考——法国葡萄酒的四大等级

第二步，如果是AOC级别的葡萄酒，还可细分为很多等级

· 我们知道，法定产区葡萄酒AOC在法文意思为\"原产地控制命名\"。 －酒瓶标签标示为 Appellation+产区名+Controlee。 · 产区名标明的产地越小，酒质越好 例如，波尔多Bordeaux大产区下面可细分为MEDOC次产区、GRAVE次产区等， 而 MEDOC次产区内部又有很多村庄，如MARGAUX村庄，

MARGAUX村庄内有包含几个城堡（法文Chateau)，如Chateau Lascombes。 ——最低级是大产区名AOC：例如 Appellation+波尔多产区 +Controlee， ——次低级是次产区名AOC：如 Appellation+MEDOC次产区 +Controlee ——较高级是村庄名AOC：如 Appellation+MARGAUX村庄 +Controlee ——最高级是城堡名AOC：如Appellation+Chateau Lascombes城堡 +Controlee

· 要了解法国葡萄酒，请记住法文词\"城堡\"CHATEAU，也可译为\"酒庄\"。 第三步，对于一些波尔多葡萄酒，它还有其特殊的分级方式，有更高的分级，用法文的顶级酒庄 Premiers Grands Crus Classes 表示, 请记住法文 CRU (意为\"土地\" )

五大顶级酒庄：

——Chateau Lafite-Rothshild ——Chateau Margaux ——Chateau Latour ——Chateau Haut Brion

——Chateau Monton-Rothshild

Wine labels are important sources of information for consumers since they tell the type and origin of the wine. The label is often the only resource a buyer has for evaluating the wine before purchasing it. Certain

information is ordinarily included in the wine label, such as the country of origin, quality, type of wine, alcoholic degree, producer, bottler, or importer.[1]

[edit] Label design

Some wineries place great importance on the label design while others do not. There are wineries that have not changed their label's design in over 60 years, as in the case of Château Simone, while others hire designers every year to change it. Labels may include images of works by Picasso,

[1]

Chagall, and other artists, and these may be collector's pieces. The elegance of the label does not determine the wine's quality. Instead, it is the information contained within the label that can provide consumers with such knowledge.

Most New World consumers and increasingly, European consumers, prefer to purchase wine with varietal labels and/or with brand name labels. A recent study of younger wine drinkers in the U.S. found that they perceived labels with châteaux on them to be stuffy or old-fashioned. Producers often attempt to make selecting and purchasing wine easy and non-intimidating by making their labels playful and inviting.[2] The financial success of New World wine attributed to striking label designs have lead European producers to follow suit, as in the case of the redesign of Mouton Cadet.[3]

[edit] Differences by country

Wine classification systems differ by country. Wines may be classified by region and area only, which can be confusing to consumers.[citation needed] For example, there are 151 châteaux in Bordeaux with \"Figeac\" and 22 estates in Burgundy with \"Corton\" on their labels. In Burgundy, there are 110

appellations in an area only one-fifth the size of Bordeaux. Complicating the system is the fact that it is common for villages to append the name of their most famous vineyard to that of the village. This promotes sales but confuses consumers.

In Spain and Portugal, the authenticity of the wine is guaranteed by a seal on the label or a band over the cork under the capsule.[1] This is promulgated by the grower's association in each area.

German wine labels are particularly noted for the detail that they can

provide in determining quality and style of the wine.

Almost every New World wine is labeled by grape variety and geographic origin. Semi-generic designations were once quite common in countries such as Australia and the USA, but the wine authorities in areas such as Champagne have not been afraid to bring lawsuits against the use of their names outside their region, and semi-generic names are falling out of use. Wines whose label does not indicate the name of the winery or the winemaker is referred to as \"cleanskin\" wine, particularly in Australia.

[edit] Importance of labels in different types of wine

The information contained in labels is important to determine the quality of the wine. For example, great importance needs to be attached to vintage dates when there are differences in climate.[1] The taste and quality of the wine can change from year to year depending on the climate. Knowing the vintage is specially important when buying fine wines because the quality of the wine can vary from year to year due to climatic differences. The quickest way to determine the quality of the year is to use a wine

[1]

chart.

Vintage dates may not be important, for example, there are no vintage dates on bottles of sherry. On the other hand, wines may or may not have vintages. Champagne is usually a blend from more than one year and only sometimes sold as a vintage wine. Also, Port is only sold with a vintage in years of exceptional quality.