A
Flying pod evolution automobiles predecessors
Travel on land water and snow fly portable wing.
Fishing or hunting 15 kilometers stay still
30-horsepower motor 160 kilometers 80 450 kilometers
Marketing campaign back light aircraft
B
A golf course named Fox Hollow, which has won an award for its relatively low impact on environment and sustainable wildlife.
Golf courses and the environment have historically been at odds. It’s hard to reconcile the careful grooming and excessive water needed for greens and fairways with conservation and natural habitats. One case in point, Lakewood’s Fox Hollow Golf Course had its construction temporarily halted so some killdeer eggs can hatch. A pair of retail hawks were also born during the construction of Fox Hollow. However, the golf course has recently won an award for its relatively low impact an sustained wildlife. The Golf Course Superintendents of America say Lakewood’s 27-hole Fox Hollow course blends well with Bear Creek Lake’s grasslands, and the land still hosts foxes, deer, great horned owls, blue herons,
coyotes, and other wildlife. Only three Environmental Steward Awards are given out each year, so Lakewook officials are pretty excited about helping set the standard for golf courses with a soft touch.
C:
C1: F F T F T
C2: 1999 old school friends 2005 12 million
School college university a list of the members personal profile other people’s details
Lives about yourself your self-esteem
School reunions childhood sweethearts relationships
Have you ever wondered what your old schoolmates are doing now? well, plenty of people in Britain do. One of the most successful Internet ventures in Britain has shown how popular, and how lucrative, nostalgia can be.
The website Friends Reunited was started for fun in 1999 by a couple who were interested to know what their old school friends were doing. The project snowballed and by 2005, the site had 12 million members. One extraordinary fact is that Friends Reunited has never advertised, its success is entirely due to word-of-mouth.
You can search for a school, college or university and find a list of the members who were there in any year. You can also post a personal profile showing what you are doing now, and read other people’s details.
Steve Pankhurst, one of the founders of the site, thinks that one of the reasons for its success is that some people like to be anonymous. On Friends Reunited, you can snoop on other people’s lives without giving away anything about yourself if you don’t want to. It’s also an opportunity to bolster your self-esteem by showing off to everyone just how successful and happy you are now, even if you weren’t while you were at school.
Friends Reunited has also led to many successful school reunions, and people meeting up with each other after many years. In particular, many people use the site to look up their childhood sweethearts and many couples have actually rekindled relationships after contacting each other through the site.
There have even been Friends Reunited weddings and babies, and Friends Reunited now has a new site called Friends Reunited Dating especially for people who are looking for love. The company has also launched other sites, such as Genes Reunited, which helps people to find long-lost relatives and build their family tress online.
So, whether you want to be nosy, contact old friends, organize a school reunion, find your first love, or simply show off you success, Friends Reunited is the site to visit.
D Beware hackers!
1. 75%
2. Juveniles, usually in their late teens to early twenties
3. They do it as a challenge.
4. A former hacker, now a security consultant
5. To fight the holes in the firewall -- the protection device between different security systems
6. Because they can bring expertise that only hackers understand, a holistic perception of computer systems
7. Because they are so in-depth within a system.
8. 90% or 95% effectiveness is better than not having anything at all.
9. A good security policy will protect you from an employment level up to a system administration level.
Tapescript:
H -- Holmes T -- Teresa B -- Bevan
H: Let's talk about how widespread the problem is. Many people think the number of companies or government agencies whose security is breached is small. Is that the case or not?
T: No, I think anybody who has information online ... it's gonna be a huge concern for anybody. Mostly because if you've got information on these websites, anybody can actually get into them. The thing that you need to know is how to be careful. It's kind of like think of it as a security system in a building, let's say. If you have a security guard in the front, you're protected in that area. You need to do that all around the entire circle, let's say, to make sure that your entire information on these websites is completely protected.
H: I ... I read a statistic that said that something like 75 percent of companies online have been hacked, whether they know it or not. Is... is that ... That's huge.
T: That is huge. And, in fact, it can be minor to major. Most of them are usually on the minor scale -- that being, some information getting in. And at this point in time, a lot of experts are saying that the hackers that are going into these sites are juveniles, usually in their late teens to early twenties. And most times, they're really just doing things as a challenge, as a way to get in, because it's something that they can do.
H: Now, Mathew Bevan, who's a ... who's a former hacker, who became a security consultant. Now ... now, tell us about that. This happens a lot?
T: This ... right now, this is happening a lot. Mostly because these hackers that are young, juvenile children, or teens, as we have said, really know the industry. They know the computer so well, even more so than a lot of the security, you know, computer systems that are already in place. They've really become kind of an asset, or they could be a consultant, as ... as Mathew is, because they really know how they've got into them. And these are the people that a lot of corporations can actually use, because what they're doing is they're fighting the holes in the firewalls which are the protection device between the different security systems -and they're really kinda getting into the loopholes or the niches there. By doing that this is great information that companies can use, because they may know, \"Okay, that ... part of that ... our website is not, you know, protected.\"
H. You were a hacker. And how important is that for you in your current job, which is as a consultant for companies who fear hackers?
B. Well, in my current job, what I can do is bring expertise that perhaps only hackers will actually understand. It's kind of a perception of computer systems, sort of a holistic overview. And sometimes you get people who come from perhaps a sales background, and they move into IT in a company, or, you know, they.., they may just be programmers... turned security experts. I'm not diminishing the expertise that they have, but sometimes there are very tiny things that they can overlook, just because they're so in-depth within a system.
H: So, on that same issue then, are you often surprised when you go in and speak with the companies? Are you surprised at how little some of them know
about the dangers?
B: Quite horrified. Just recently when I was out in Singapore, there was a ... a company which had just been hacked. Their website had been changed -- mentioning no names -- but they told me that they weren't going to install a firewall because they didn't work. And I thought, well, at least something like a 90- 95 percent effectiveness of keeping people out surely is better than not having anything in there. I tried my best to explain to them, but sometimes these words fall on deaf ears.
H. The question is, what is the best way to convince non-technical managers of the importance to invest in effective information security technologies?
B: One of the good ways that you can do is, obviously, what people do is show them statistics. Now people get blinded by statistics, and they can be manipulated to a certain advantage. However, just show people maybe a trawl around the Internet: show them some of the hacker sites, some of the security sites which are available. Show them exactly the information that you can find and how it's pertinent to your own company. Security management isn't just about what hardware and software you have installed. It's all about policy management as well. If you have a good security policy covering all aspects of your company, then this will protect you from employment level up to, obviously, a system administration level.
Questions:
1. How many companies online have been hacked?
2. Who are the hackers usually?
3. Why do they want to be hackers?
4. Who is Mathew Bevan?
5. What do the hackers do actually?
6. Why would companies employ hackers to be their security consultants
7. Why can't programmers be good security consultants?
8. Why is it still necessary to install a firewall though it may not always work?
9. Why is policy management so important to security management?
E. Housing Problems
A husband and a wife are discussing the demolition of some old buildings to make room for the erection of office blocks in an area where there is an acute shortage of housing.
Wife: It's an absolute scandal. My friend Mrs Standley says that at least twenty people have already written to the council to complain.
Husband: To complain about what ?
Wife: Haven't you heard ? The gas company are thinking of pulling down all those old houses in Salt Lane and selling the land to a property company to build office blocks. And the council are doing absolutely nothing about it.
Husband: Well, those old houses are in pretty bad condition.
Wife: That's not the point. The point is it's not fair. There's a housing shortage. There're people who have been living and working in this district for over twenty years, and still haven't got a decent place to live. It's a shame !
Husband: Well, I suppose the gas company is in business like everyone else. The land those houses are built on is worth a good price.
Wife: Worth a good price ? What does that matter when there are families like the ones in Salt Lane, who haven't even got a bathroom or an inside toilet. It's a disgrace. What we want are new homes in Salt Lane, not office blocks. One of the cashiers who works in the supermarket lives in Salt Lane. And she says she and her husband have been on the housing list since the war. They have been complaining to the council for years. And every time they write, the only reply they get is a printed postcard saying“the matter is receiving attention.” It's not right.
Husband: I don't see what that has to do with the gas company demolishing those old houses in Salt Lane ? Particularly if they're in the condition you say they
are.
Wife: Why don't you listen ? I've just told you. The gas company have no right to sell that land for office blocks. It's all wrong. The proper thing is for them to put up some high-rise flats and move those families in Salt Lane into them as quickly as possible.
Husband: Aren't you getting a bit too worked up about it ? I mean I'm sure the gas company know what they are doing.
Wife: Know what they are doing ! They don't know their right hand from their left. I tell you something will have to be done about it. I'm getting up a petition for a start and everyone I've spoken to so far has promised to sign. And Mrs Standley has been asking for volunteers for a protest march. The sooner the gas company and the council realize that people won't put up with this sort of thing, the better. And there's another thing…
Husband: Oh, what's that, dear ?
Wife: I want you to write to the local paper and make a formal complaint on behalf of the residents of Salt Lane.
Husband: But we don't live in Salt Lane.
Wife: I know we don't, but that cashier in the supermarket does. She says it's
terrible. She never knows whether she has lit her cooker properly or not, because of the smell from the gas works.
Husband: Uh, before I write, I've got something to tell you.
Wife: Oh, um, nothing bad, I hope.
Husband: No, I don't think so. It's just that my firm are moving offices next year.
Wife: Moving ? Where to ?
Husband: To one of the new office blocks in Salt Lane.
F.The future of the phone
The mobile phone is set to become one of the central technologies of the 21st century. Within a few years, the mobile phone will evolve into a multi-functional communicator capable of transmitting and receiving not only sound, but also video, still images, data and text. A whole new era of personal communications is on the way.
Thanks in part to the growth of wireless networks, the telephone is converging with the personal computer and the television. Soon lightweight phones outfitted with high-resolution screens will be connected to satellites enabling people to talk, send and receive email, or take part in video conferences anytime, anywhere.
These phones might also absorb many of the key functions of the desktop computer. Mobile devices are expected to be ideal for some of the new personalized services that are becoming available via the Internet, such as trading stocks, gambling, shopping and buying theater and airline tickets.
The telecommunications revolution is already taking shape around the globe. In Europe, mobile phones are already being used for electronic commerce. Most phones contain a Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card to identify a user to the phone network. But the card could also facilitate limited financial transactions. Deutsche Bank and Nokia, for example, are working together to develop mobile banking services. Some manufacturers plan to upgrade the SIM card to an all-in-one personal identification credit card.
Another approach is to add a slot to mobile phones for a second smart card designed for mobile e-commerce. These cards could be used to make payments over the Internet or to pay for things like public transportation, movie tickets or drinks at a bar.
It will soon be possible to receive almost all forms of electronic communication through a single device, most likely in a three-in-one phone that serves as a cordless at home, a cell phone on the road and an intercom at work. \"The mobile phone will become increasingly multi-functional,\" says Brughardt Scha-llenberger, vice president for technology and innovation at Siemens Information and Consumer Products in Munich. \"Fingerprint technology and advanced speech recognition will ensure that only one or two authorized users will
be able to operate it.\"
Images will be just as important as sound to the future of mobile communications. At British Tele-com's research laboratories near Ipswich, England, engineers are evaluating how a tiny screen fitted to the side-frame of a pair of ordinary glasses can be linked to the human eye. The micro-PC is carried in a shoulder bag and connected to a tiny screen in the glass frame. The PC accepts incoming data in standard TV format via an aerial and converts it into PC format images. The image on the screen is reflected onto the human eye via a prism fitted onto the lens. A person wearing such glasses could be on the move while staying tuned in to incoming TV images, websites, video conferencing links or email messages.
Some even suggest that mobile videophones could overtake television as the major source of visual information, giving the phrase \"something to phone home about\" a whole new meaning.
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