1.Effluentdischargesofindustrialwastewaterandrawsewageintorivers,lakesandinshorecoastalareashavenotonlyadverselyaffectedmarinelifeandaquaticresources,buthavealsojeopardizedoneofthemajornecessitiesforsustaininglife—PotableWater.工业废水和原污水排放入河流、湖泊和近海岸区域不仅给海洋生物和水生资源带来了负面影响，而且也破坏了维持生命的主要必需品之一——饮用水。2.Itwillhaveadirectbearingonthematterunderdiscussion.这将和正在讨论的问题有直接关系。3.Rapideconomicgrowthmayleadtoanoverextensionofresourcesandleadtoaneventualcatastrophicmeltdown.经济迅速增长可能导致过度使用资源，并引起最终巨大的灾难。4.Theimmediateresultsofeconomicgrowthhavecreatedtheillusionofunendingprosperity.Thebestapproachatthisparticulartimeistoperhapserronthesideofcaution.经济增长的直接结果是造成了关于无止境繁荣的幻想。现在这个特定时刻最好的办法也许是慎之又慎。5.Thebenefitsoftechnologyareundeniable.Nonetheless,thefactthattechnologyoftennegatestheneedforhumanbeingsintheworkplacedeservescarefulconsiderationandretrainingprogramsforaffectedindividualsmustbeintroduced.技术的好处不容否认。然而，技术经常否认工作场所需要人类，这一点值得仔细考虑，而且，为受到影响的个人推出再培训项目是必需的。6.Thelackoffaithingovernmentisthedirectresultoftheprevailingdistrustofpoliticians.对政府缺乏信心是普遍存在的对政府官员的不信任直接造成的。7.Theadvantagesofharmoniousrelationsfaroutweighthedisadvantagesofconfrontation.和谐关系的好处远远大于冲突的坏处。8.Independenceoffersmanyadvantages,thefirstandforemostofwhichisself-determination.独立带来很多好处，首先也是最重要的是自决。9.Thecontrastbetweenrightandwrongishighlightedbythebenefitsaccruingfromtheformer.由于正确而得到的好处更加强调了正误的对比。10.Themoststrikingconclusionthatcanbereachedwhenweighingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemarketeconomyisquitefranklyprosperity.很坦率地说，在权衡市场经济的利弊时能得出的最显著的结论是繁荣。11.Theridiculousamountofmoneysomecountriesspendonmilitaryhardwareisabsurdwhenconsideringthenumberofpeoplestarvinginmanydevelopingcountries.考虑到一些发展中国家挨饿的人的数量，一些国家把大量资金花费在重型军事装备上显得很荒谬。12.Thelossofperquisitesenjoyedbygovernmentofficialsandbusinessexecutivespalesincomparisontotheplightofrefugeesinmanywar-torncountries.与许多饱受战争创伤的国家的难民所处的困境相比，政府官员和商业管理者失去所享受的特权就相形见绌了。13.Whilethelong-termproblemofglobalwarmingisindeedserious,itssignificancediminishessomewhatwhenconsideringimmediateproblemssuchasrapidenvironmentaldeteriorationandtherampantmisuseandabuseofnonrenewableresources.虽然全球变暖这一长期的问题确实很严重，但考虑到诸如环境的迅速恶化和不可更新资源的普遍滥用等当前的问题，它的重要性就有所降低了。14.Owningacarmightbepreferabletoowningabicycle,buttheproblemsassociatedwithowningtheformerfaroutweighthoseofthelatter.Foronething,automobilesareexponentiallymoreexpensiveandrequiregreatermaintenance.Foranother,bicyclesdon'tpollute.与拥有一辆自行车相比，人们更愿意拥有一辆汽车，但拥有后者涉及的问题远远超过前者。原因之一，汽车昂贵很多，需要更多的维护。原因之二，自行车不会引起污染。15.Theadvantagesoffamilyplanningmorethancompensateforthedisadvantages.计划生育的好处不仅仅弥补了它的害处。16.Claimsofgenderequalityarelacedwithcontradictions.Theprincipalfallacycentersontheworkplaceandconceptofequalpayforequalwork.Another,butnolessimportant,aspectrevolvesaroundtheentryofwomenintotopmanagementpositions.性别平等的呼声中有少量自相矛盾的内容。最大的谬误在于工作场所和同工同酬的概念。另一个同样重要的方面与女性进入最高管理职位紧密相关。17.Bothlimitationsandproblemswillquitelikelybeencounteredduringtheongoingtransitiontothemarketeconomy.Foronething,urgentmeasuresarerequiredtoresolveproblemsinvolvingstate-ownedenterprises.Anotherthornyissueinvolvescontrollinginflationinthefaceofemergingmarketforces.正在进行的市场经济的转型很有可能将遇到限制和问题.一方面,需要紧要方法解决涉及国有企业的问题.另一棘手的问题涉及在市场力量形成的同时控制通货膨胀.18.WilltheThreeGorgesProjectprovetobeamonumentalachievementornothingmorethanagiantfiasco?Oppositionvoicespointtodrawbackssuchasthemassivecostoftheproject,theneedtorelocatemillionsoflocalresidentsanddestructionoftheuniquenaturalenvironment.Supporters,ontheotherhand,contendthattheadvantages—i.e.improvedfloodcontrol,increasedpowergenerationcapacityanddesirableimpactoneconomicdevelopmentinrelatedareas—willfaroutweighthedisadvantages.Timewilltellandhistorywilljudgethewisdomoftheproject.三峡工程将成为极大的成功或只是彻底的失败？反对意见指出了诸如工程的巨额成本，数百万当地居民的重新安置以及独特的自然环境的破坏等障碍。另一方面，支持者认为它的好处，例如对洪水控制的改善、发电能力的提高和对相关地区经济发展的影响将远远超过它坏处。至于建设这个工程明智与否，时间会告诉我们，历史会做出判断。19.Nothingapproachestheloveofamotherforherchild.没有东西可以和母爱相比。20.Fewscientificandtechnologicalachievementsequalthesuccessoflandingmenonthemoon.几乎没有科技成就能与人类成功登陆月球同日而语。21.Aquestionbeggingananswercentersonwhetherviolenceismoredirectlyrelatedtotheinnatecharacteristicofhumanbeing,orwhetheritissimplyamanifestationoftheillsofsociety.Determiningtheanswerwillbefarfromaneasyproposition,butisnonethelessonethatdeservescarefulanddeliberateconsideration.需要回答的一个问题是：暴力与人类的天性联系更直接还是仅仅是社会恶习的体现？做出回答远非易事，而是值得仔细而审慎地考虑的事情。22.Fromthestandpointofsuccess,agoodworkethicisnolessimportantthananeducation.Successdoes,infact,dependonthetotalintegrationofbothaspects.从成功的角度来说，良好的职业道德与教育同等重要。事实上，成功的确建立在两方面完全融合的基础上。23.Thegrowingtrendforwivestoworkoutsidethehomeevenwhentheirhusbandsarepresentandemployedisinpartasharingofthefinancialburdenwiththehusband,andinpartareflectionoftheneedthesewomenfeeltohaveameasurablesenseofpersonalworth.越来越多的妻子到外面工作，甚至和她们的丈夫再一起工作，一方面是为了和丈夫共同承担经济重担，一方面反映了女性感到需要有可衡量的个人价值。24.Justashonorisaprerequisiteforrespectability,soisunblemishedcharacterabarometerofintegrity.正如声誉是可敬的前提条件，无暇疵的品格是正直的晴雨表。25.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholderandthesameistrueforboththeappreciationofartandmusic.美在观察者的眼中，美术和音乐的欣赏也是如此。26.Thedirectcorrelationbetweenself-esteemandsuccessalsoappliestoone'sabilitytoachieve.自尊和成功的直接联系也适用于一个人取得成就的能力。27.Improvingtheplightofteachersisindeedapriorityitem.However,improvingtheoveralleducationsystemislikewisenolessimportant.改善教师的困难处境的确是优先处理的一件事情。但是，改进整个教育系统同等重要。28.ChinaandUnitedStatessharemanythingsincommon.Firstly,botharemajorworldpowers.Secondly,thetwonationsoffermutuallybeneficialfactorsfordevelopment—Chinawithitsvastpotentialmarketandlaborforce,andtheU.S.withitsadvancedtechnologyandmanagementexpertise.中国和美国有许多共同之处。首先，两个都是世界主要强国。第二，两个国家相互提供发展的有利因素——中国拥有巨大的潜在市场和劳动力，美国拥有先进的技术和专业的管理知识。29.TheshakytruceintheMiddleEastbearslittleresemblancetotherealizationofultimatepeace.中东不可靠的休战与最终实现和平的相似性很小。30.Idlenessspawnsdiscontent,whereasoverworkleadstomentalandphysicalexhaustion.懒惰滋生不满，而过度工作导致精神和身体的疲劳。31.Largeandsmallenterprisesdifferinthattheformerusuallyinvolvesconglomeratesandthelatterprivateindividuals.大企业和小企业的区别在于前者通常涉及联合大企业，后者涉及私营的个人。32.Bothautomobilesandbicyclesofferaconvenientmeansofpublicconveyance,withoneofthemarkeddifferencesbetweenthetwocenteredonpollutioncausedbytheformer.汽车和自行车都提供公共运输的便利方式，两者的显著区别之一在于前者引起污染。33.Alcoholandtobaccoarebothhighlyaddictivesubstances.However,unliketobacco,whichisknowntocausecancer,studiesindicatethatalcoholdoesoffersomehealthbenefitswhenconsumedinmoderation.酒和烟都是很容易上瘾的东西。但是，研究显示，与公认为引起癌症的烟不同，酒如果适量饮用确实对健康有益。34.Oneman'streasureisanotherman'sjunk.一个人的宝贝对于另一个人来说是垃圾。35.AIDSisnolongeroneoftheTop10Americankillers,butthesamecannotbesaidformanycountries.艾滋病不再是美国的十大杀手之一，但许多国家的情况并非如此。36.Individualismwasunheardofashort30-oddyearsagoduringthetumultuousCulturalRevolution.Thingshavechangedtoday,however,withcolorreturningtothestreetsofChinesestreets,peoplegainingagreaterdegreeofself-determinationandreformyieldingmonumentalchangesintraditionalpractices.人们在三十多年前混乱的文化大革命时期没有听说过个人主义。然而，今天的情况不同了，中国的街道上又恢复了色彩，人们获得了更大的自主，改革带来了传统方式的巨变。37.Socialinequitiesofthepastarerapidlygivingwaytoexpandedsocialconsciousness.过去社会的不公平正在被扩大的社会觉悟迅速取代。38.Manyclaimthattheworld'shighlydevelopedcountriesbearsoleresponsibilityfortheplightofless-developednations.Iseriouslydoubttheircontentionswillbearthebruntofclosescrutiny.许多人声称世界上最发达的国家应该对欠发达国家的困境承担全权责任。我非常怀疑他们的观点能经受住仔细审查的冲击。39.Althoughmediareportsexpoundonthevolumeofscientificandtechnologicalachievements,recentsurveysindicatethattherapidityoftransformingsameintoproductiveforcesleavesmuchtobedesired.虽然媒体详细报道大量的科技成就，但是，最近的调查显示，把它们迅速转化为生产力还需要做出很多努力。40.Thepopularbeliefintheinvincibilityofmanisconstantlyrebukedbyrevaluationsofman'sfallibility.认为人类无敌的普遍看法经常遭到重新评价人类易犯错误的特点的非难。41.Whiletheinclinationtoprocrastinateiscommon,onemustfullyconsiderthedetrimentalimpactofunnecessarydelays.虽然拖延的倾向是普遍的，但是人们应该充分考虑到不必要的延误造成的有害影响。42.Thetendencytotakethingsforgrantedisunderstandable,buttheneedforonetorationallyevaluatethecircumstancesofanysituationisabsolutelyessential.想当然的倾向是可以理解的，但是，理智地估计任何情形的情况是完全必需的。43.Mostpeopleareundertheillusionthatacollegedegreeguaranteessuccess.Thereisnosuchguaranteewithouthardwork.许多人错误地认为大学学位能保证成功。不努力工作就没有这样的保证。44.Somestubbornlyholdtothecorrectnessoftraditionalpractices,butinsodoingtheyseemtototallyignorethefactthatprogressdependsonchange.一些人固执地坚持传统做法的正确性，但是，他们这么做，似乎完全忽视了进步依靠变化的事实。45.Generallyspeaking,previousparliamentarypolicydebatesignoredtherelevanceoftransparency.总的来说，以前议会中针对政策的辩论忽视了透明度的重要性。46.Aprecisedefinitionofpovertyisactuallyverydifficulttodetermine.Wheredoesonedrawthelinebetweenthosewhoarepoorandthosewhoarenot?对贫困的精确定义实际上是很难的。如何在贫穷和非贫穷的人之间划一条界限呢？47.Admittedly,briberyandcorruptionareendemictoourpoliticalandeconomicsystems,butitdoesn'tnecessarilyfollowthatallpoliticiansandbusinesspeopleresorttoillicitbehavior.诚然，贿赂和腐败在我们的政治和经济系统中很流行，但这并不是说所有的政府官员和商界人士都采取违法行为。48.There'slittledoubtthatathirdWorldWarisavoidable,butitishighlyunlikelythatregionalconflictswilldisappearintheforeseeablefuture.毫无疑问，第三次世界大战是可以避免的，但是，在可预见的将来地区冲突消失是非常不可能的。49.Somepeopleassumethatinvestinginstockisasafepursuit,buttheirassumptionfailstoholdwaterwhenconsideringthesubstantialriskinvolved.有的人想当然地认为投资股票是有把握的事情，但是，考虑到涉及的巨大风险，他们的想当然就说不通了。50.Somepeoplehavecalledforacceleratedacross-the-boardchanges.Theirapproachquitefranklyignorestheneedforgradualbuteffectivechanges.一些人要求更快速的全盘改变。他们的做法的确忽略了渐进而有效的改变的必要性。