华中科技大学标准C语言程序设计及应用习题答案

第二章

一.选择题

1.C 2.B D 3.A 4.A 5. D 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.B 100011 001111 二.判断题 1.错 2.错 3.错 4.错

三.填空题 1. B 66

2. n1=%d\\nn2=%d\\n 3. 0 四.计算 1

(1) x|y = 0x002f (2) x^y = 0x0026 (3) x&y = 0x0009; (4) ~x+~y = 0xffc6 (5) x<<=3 0x0068 (6) y>>=4 0x0002 2 (1) 6 (2) 50 (3) 1 (4) –16 (5) 1 (6) 20 3 (1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) 4 (5) 8 (6) 1 4

(1) 12 (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 27

.. wd ..

. ... .

(5) 1 (6) 6 (7) 24 (8) 27 (9) –29 5 (1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 1 (4) –3 (5) 2

五.程序分析题 程序1

b=20 a=3600

程序2

一.填空题 1.s=6 2.96

3.(1) scanf(\"%c\

(2) c-32 更好的答案：c-('a'-'A') 2.1 main() {

int a,b;

printf(\"please input a & b:\"); scanf(\"%d%d\

printf(\"\\nmax is %d\\n\} 2.2

int max(int x,int y); main() {

int a,b,c,max;

printf(\"please input a & b & c:\"); scanf(\"%d%d%d\max=a>b?a:b;

max=c>max?c:max;

printf(\"\\nmax is %d\\n\} 2.3

.. 第三章

wd ..

. ... .

main() {

int i=0,sum=0; while(i<=100) {

sum+=i; i++; }

printf(\"1+2+3+......+100=%d\\n\} 2.4 main() {

int i;

int a=10,b=-3; int c;

printf(\"%6d%6d\ for(i=2;i<10;i++) {

c=3*b+a;

printf(\"%6d\ a=b; b=c; }

printf(\"\\n\"); } 2.5 main() {

int i; while(1) {

printf(\"please input a data(0:exit):\"); scanf(\"%d\ if(i==0) break; if(i%2==0)

printf(\"the data %d is a even number.\\n\ else

printf(\"the data %d is a odd number.\\n\ } } 2.6

#include

.. wd ..

. ... .

main() {

int i;

int a=8,b=1; int sum=0;

for(i=0;i<10;i++) {

b+=3; sum += a; a+=b;

printf(\"a%8d b:%8d\\n\ }

printf(\"The Sum Of Is:%d\\n\} 2.7

#include main() {

float x,y;

printf(\"please input x:\"); scanf(\"%f\ if(x<1.0) y=x;

else if(x<10) y=2*x-1; else

y=3*x-11;

printf(\"y=%f\\n\} 2.8

#include main() {

long a,i,b,a1; while(1) {

printf(\"please input data(1-99999):\"); scanf(\"%ld\ printf(\"a:%ld\\n\ if(a<=0||a>=100000) break; i=0; a1=0;

.. wd ..

. ... .

while(a!=0) {

b=a%10;

printf(\"%8d\ a/=10; i++;

a1=a1*10+b; }

printf(\"\\n i:%ld a1:%ld\\n\ } } 2.9

#include #include #include

main() {

int a,b,i,k=0; randomize();

a=random(1001);/*create a random data(0-1000)*/ for(i=0;i<20;i++) {

printf(\"please guess a number:\"); scanf(\"%d\ if(a>b) {

k++;

printf(\"\\n%d:Smaller,guess again!\\n\

}

else if(ak++;

printf(\"\\n%d:Bigger,guess again!\\n\ } else {

printf(\"\\nYou guess right,congraturation!\") ; printf(\"\\nYou have guessed %d times\ break; } }

if(k==20)

.. wd ..

. ... .

printf(\"\\nsorry,you failed!\"); } 2.10

#include

main() {

int a,b,c; int num;

for(a=0;a<10;a++) {

for(b=0;b<10;b++) {

for(c=1;c<10;c++) { num=a*100+b*10+c; if((num%3==0)&&(a==5||b==5||c==5)) printf(\"%8d\ } } }

printf(\"\\n\\n\\n\"); } 2.11

#include

main() {

int i; int a,b;

printf(\"please input a,b:\"); scanf(\"%d%d\ for(i=a0;i--) {

if(a%i==0&&b%i==0) {

printf(\"The max=%d\ break; } }

for(i=a>b?a:b;i>0;i++) {

if(i%a==0&&i%b==0) {

.. wd ..

. ... .

printf(\"\\nThe min=%d\ break; } } 2.12

#include

main() {

int a,k=0;

printf(\"please input data:\"); scanf(\"%d\ while(a%2==0) {

a=a/2; k++; }

printf(\"\\nthe number of factor(2) is %d\} 2.13 main() {

long i,t=1; long sum=0; for(i=1;i<=10;i++) {

t*=i; sum+=t;

printf(\"%ld!=%ld\\n\ }

printf(\"sum:%ld\\n\ } 2.14

#include

void main() {

int i,x=0;

for(i=9;i>=1;i--) {

x=2*(x+1); }

printf(\"The first day:%d\

.. wd ..

. ... .

} 2.15

#include #define PI 3.141593

main() {

float r,h; float v;

printf(\"please input r,h:\"); scanf(\"%f%f\,&h); v=1.0/3*PI*r*r*h; printf(\"V=%.2f\} 2.16

#include #include

main() {

long int sn=0; long int m=0,t=0; int a,n,i;

printf(\"please input a n:\"); scanf(\"%d%d\ for(i=0;im=m*10+a; sn+=m; }

printf(\"a+aa+aaa+...+aa...a=%ld\\n\\n\} 2.17

#include

main() {

int k;

printf(\"please input k:\"); do {

scanf(\"%d\ if(k>=0&&k<=6) break;

.. wd ..

. ... .

}while(1); switch(k) {

case 0:printf(\"Sunday.\\n\");break; case 1:printf(\"Monday.\\n\");break; case 2:printf(\"Tuesday.\\n\");break; case 3:printf(\"Wednesday.\\n\");break; case 4:printf(\"Thursday.\\n\");break; case 5:printf(\"Friday.\\n\");break; case 6:printf(\"Saturday.\\n\");break; } } 2.18

#include

main() {

int i;

double x,a,b=1,sum=1; printf(\"please input x:\"); scanf(\"%lf\ a=x;

for(i=1;a/b>=1e-6;i++) {

sum=sum+a/b; a=a*x; b=(i+1)*b; }

printf(\"\\nsum=%lf\} 2.19

#include #include

main() {

float a,x1,x2; printf(\"input a:\"); scanf(\"%f\ x1=1.0; while(1) {

x2=1.0/2*(x1+a/x1);

.. wd ..

. ... .

if(fabs(x2-x1)<1e-5) break; x1=x2; }

printf(\"sqrt(a)=%f\}

第四章

写出下列程序输出结果

1.no 1 a=1no 1 a=0no 1 a=1no 1 a=0 2.

a=0 b=0 c=0 a=1 b=0 c=0 a=2 b=0 c=0 3.

main:x=5,y=1,n=1 func:x=6,y=21,n=11 main:x=5,y=1,n=11 func:x=8,y=31,n=21

1.D 2.D 3.C 4.6 5.CDABC 6.(1)j+=2 (2)a[i]10.6(同题4)

11.s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9'

12. (1)'\\0' (2)str1[i]-str2[i] 5.1

#include int fun(); int fun() {

int a[3][3],sum;

.. 第五章

wd ..

. ... .

int i,j;

sum=0;/*error*/ for(i=0;i<3;i++) {

for(j=0;j<3;j++)

scanf(\"%d\ }

for(i=0;i<3;i++) sum=sum+a[i][i];

printf(\"sum=%d\\n\}

void main() {

fun(); } 5.2

#include

void main( void ) {

float Num[10];

float Input,GetNum[11]; int i,j; float a=6;

for(i=0; i<10; i++) {

Num[i]=a; a=a+7.5; }

Loop1: printf(\"Please input a Number(0-80) Input=\"); scanf(\"%f\

if((Input<0)||(Input>70)==1) goto Loop1;

for(i=0; i<10; i++ ) { if(Input.. wd ..

. ... .

}

Loop2: for(j=0; jGetNum[j]=Input;

for(j=i; j<=10; j++,i++) GetNum[j+1]=Num[i];

for(j=0; j<11; j++ )

printf(\"%3.3f \ } 5.3

#include \"stdio.h\" #include \"stdlib.h\"

main() { int a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9; int a[3]; int i; for(;;) { for (i=0;i<3;i++) { a[i]=rand()%3; } while((a[0]!=a[1]) && (a[0]!=a[2]) && (a[1]!=a[2]))/*get three different numbers 0,1,2*/ { a1=a[0]+1;/*divide 1~9 into three groups,a1~a3,a4~a6,a7~a9*/ a2=a[1]+1; a3=a[2]+1; a4=a1+3; a5=a2+3; a6=a3+3; a7=a1+6; a8=a2+6; a9=a3+6; /* make sure that each line and each row is made up with three members in different group.*/

.. wd ..

. ... .

/* such as: a9 a1 a5 a2 a6 a7 a4 a8 a3 */ if(((a1+a5+a9) == (a2+a6+a7)) && ((a1+a5+a9) == (a3+a4+a8)) && ((a1+a6+a8) == (a5+a7+a3)) && ((a1+a5+a9) == (a2+a4+a9))) { printf(\"%d %d %d\\n%d %d %d\\n%d %d %d\\n\ return; } } } } 5.4

#include

void main(void) { char input1[100],input2[100],input3[100]; int i,Eng=0,eng=0,num=0,blank=0,other=0; printf(\"Input 3 rows of character,each row don't exceed 80 characters:\\n\"); gets(input1);

printf(\"The second row:\\n\"); gets(input2);

printf(\"The third row:\\n\"); gets(input3);

/*test the first row*/ for(i=0; i<100; i++) { if(input1[i]=='\\0') goto Loop1; else if(('A'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='Z')==1) Eng++; else if(('a'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='z')==1) eng++;

else if(('0'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='9')==1) num++; else if(input1[i]==32)

.. wd ..

. ... .

blank++;

else other++; }

/*test the second row*/ Loop1: for(i=0; i<100; i++) { if(input2[i]=='\\0') goto Loop2; else if(('A'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='Z')==1) Eng++; else if(('a'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='z')==1) eng++;

else if(('0'<=input2[i])&&(input2[i]<='9')==1) num++; else if(input2[i]==32) blank++;

else other++; }

/*test the third row*/

Loop2: for(i=0; i<100; i++) { if(input3[i]=='\\0') goto Loop3; else if(('A'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='Z')==1) Eng++; else if(('a'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='z')==1) eng++;

else if(('0'<=input3[i])&&(input3[i]<='9')==1) num++; else if(input3[i]==32) blank++; else other++; }

Loop3: printf(\"Upper english character:%d\\nLower character:%d\\nNumber:%d\\nBlank:%d\\nOther characters:%d\\n\} 5.5

#include

.. wd english

..

. ... .

void main(void) { char str1[80],str2[40]; int i,j,k;

/*Input two string*/ printf(\"Please input the first string\\n str1=\"); gets(str1); printf(\"Please input the second string\\n str2=\"); gets(str2);

/*Get the end of str1*/ for(i=0; i<80; i++) { if(str1[i]=='\\0') break; }

/*Copy str2 to str1*/

for(j=i,k=0; str2[k]!='\\0';k++,j++) str1[j]=str2[k]; str1[i+k]='\\0';

puts(str1); } 5.6

#include

struct student

{char name[20]; int score; }stu[5],stu1;

void main(void) { int i,j; printf(\"Input student's score and name(5),seperate using the character of ',' :\\n\"); for(i=0; i<5; i++) scanf(\"%d,%s\/*sorting*/ for(i=0; i<5; i++) for(j=0; j<4-i; j++)

.. wd ..

. ... .

if(stu[j].score>stu[j+1].score) {stu1=stu[j];stu[j]=stu[j+1];stu[j+1]=stu1;} printf(\"After sotred,score and name:\\n\"); for(i=0; i<5; i++) printf(\"%d,%s\\n\} 5.7

#include main()

{ int a[3][3],i,j,m,n,o,p;

printf(\"Please input a 3*3 shuzu:\\n\");

for (i=0;i<=2;i++)

for (j=0;j<=2;j++)

scanf(\"%d\

for (i=0;i<=2;i++)

{ m=(a[i][0]>a[i][1])? a[i][0]:a[i][1];

n=(m>a[i][2])? m: a[i][2]; }

for (j=0;j<=2;j++)

{ o=(a[0][j]p=(o.. wd ..

. ... .

if (n==p)

printf(\"Andian is %d\\\\n\

else

printf(\"There is no andian.\\\\n\"); } 5.8

#include

void main(void)

{ int a[4][3],b[3][4],i,j;

for(i=0; i<4; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) scanf(\"%d\ }

for(i=0; i<4; i++) { printf(\"\\n\"); for(j=0; j<3; j++) printf(\"%5d \ }

for(i=0; i<4; i++) {

for(j=0; j<3; j++) b[j][i]=a[i][j]; } printf(\"\\n\");

for(i=0; i<3; i++) { printf(\"\\n\"); for(j=0; j<4; j++) printf(\"%5d \

.. wd ..

. ... .

} } 5.9

#include #include

void main(void) { char str[6];

int i,j=0,m=0,n=0;

gets(str);

while(str[j]!='\\0') j++;

for(i=j-1;i>=0;i--) {

m=(str[i]-'0')*(pow(8,j-i-1)); n+=m; }

printf(\"shijinzhi %d\ }

5.10#include

void main(void) { char input1[100]; int i,num=0,blank=0; printf(\"Please input a row character:\\n\"); gets(input1);

/*test the first row*/ for(i=0; i<100; i++) { if(input1[i]=='\\0')

.. wd ..

. ... .

goto Loop; else if(('A'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='Z')==1) num++; else if(('a'<=input1[i])&&(input1[i]<='z')==1) num++; else if (input1[i]==32) blank++; }

Loop: printf(\"Character:%d\\nBlank:%d\\n\}

第六章

一、选择题

1.D ：p中记录的是a的地址，*p访问地址a的值 2.D ：指针数组

3.D：指针可以进行是否相等判断，空指针可以进行指针变量初始化，指针可以偏移； 4.C：

5.C、D：a[5]不存在，若*&a[4]则正确；C,D正确； 6.D： 7.B： 8.B：

二、填空题

1．*(p+3) 2 22

2． cdefg

bcdefg abcdefg 7 3． 6385

三、程序分析题

1．p = s[0] ； 错误，应改为：p = s； 或 p = &s[0]； 2．int x , *p；错误，应改为：double x, *p； 3．*p = x ；错误，应改为：p = &x ； 4． 声明顺序错误；应该改为：

void main(void) {

int a;

int *p = &a; a = 10;

printf(“%d\\n”,*p);

.. wd ..

. ... .

}

2.3 #include #include

main() {

char ch[2][5] = {\"6937\ int i,j,s=0;

for(i=0;i<2;i++) p[i] = ch[i]; for(i=0;i<2;i++)

for(j=0;p[i][j]>'\\0';j+=2) s = 10*s + p[i][j] - '0'; printf(\"%d\\n\} 4.1

#include #include

main() {

int count = 0;

char str1[100],str2[100]; char *p1,*p2;

printf(\"please enter string 1:\"); gets(str1);

printf(\"please enter string 2:\"); gets(str2);

printf(\"str1:%s\\n\ printf(\"str2:%s\\n\ p1 = str1; p2 = str2;

while(*p1!='\\0'&&*p2!='\\0') {

if(*p1++==*p2++) count++; }

printf(\"count:%d\\n\} 4.2

#include #include

.. wd ..

. ... .

main() {

int i,j,k; int a[3]; int temp;

printf(\"please enter array a[3]:\"); scanf(\"%d%d%d\

for(i=0;i<2;i++) {

k = i;

for(j= i+1;j<3;j++) {

if(a[j]if(k!=i) {

temp = a[i]; a[i] = a[k]; a[k] = temp; } }

for(i=0;i<3;i++)

printf(\"%d\\ printf(\"\\n\"); } 4.3

#include #include #define N 100 main() {

char s1[N], s2[N],*p; int m;

printf(\"please enter string1:\"); gets(s1); p = s1;

printf(\"enter m:\"); scanf(\"%d\

strcpy(s2,p+m);

.. wd ..

. ... .

printf(\"string2:%s\\n\ } 4.4

#include #include

main() {

char s[100]=\"iuiui012asdd90k890y098kkkk1234\ char data[100][100]={{0}};

int count=0; int i; p = s; /*

printf(\"please enter a string:\"); gets(p); */

printf(\"sssss:%s\\n\

while(*p!='\\0') {

i=0;

while(*p>='0'&&*p<='9') {

data[count][i] = *p; i++; p++; }

if(i!=0) count++;

p++; }

printf(\"count:%d\\n\ for(i=0;i#include #define SIZE 4

.. wd ..

. ... .

main() {

int data[SIZE][SIZE],i,j,d; int max,m=0,n=0; for(i=0;ifor(j=0;jscanf(\"%d\ } }

for(i=0;ifor(j=i+1;jd = data[i][j];

data[i][j] = data[j][i]; data[j][i] = d; } }

max = data[0][0];

for(i=0;iprintf(\"\\n\");

for(j=0;jprintf(\"%4d\ if(data[i][j]>=max) { max = data[i][j]; m = i; n = j; } } }

printf(\"\\nmax:%4d m:%d n:%d\\n\ } 4.6

#include

.. wd ..

. ... .

#include

main() {

char *p[] = {\"test\ char **pstr = p; int a,b,n = 5; char *temp;

for(a=0;afor(b=a+1;bif(strcmp(pstr[a],pstr[b])>0) { temp = pstr[a]; pstr[a] = pstr[b]; pstr[b] = temp; } } }

for(a=0;aprintf(\"%s\\n\} 4.7

#include #include

main() {

char s[100],temp; char *p = s;

int i,length;

printf(\"please enter a string: \"); gets(s);

while(*p++!='\\0'); length = p - s -1;

printf(\"string length:%d\\n\

for(i=0;i.. wd ..

. ... .

{

temp = s[i];

s[i] = s[length-i-1]; s[length-i-1] = temp; }

printf(\"%s\\n\ }

第七章

一，选择题

1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 二.程序填空题 1.

(1) a[k] (2) a[k] (3) a[k] 2.

(1) a[i] (2) j

(3) i+1或6 三.改错题 1.

#include #include

void swap(char *,char *); /*此处有错误，函数声明时要加分号*/ main() {

char a[80],b[80],c[80]; scanf(\"%s%s%s\ /*此处有错误，a,b,c分别为数组a[80],b[8],c[80]的首地址*/

if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b); /*此处有错误，字符串比较应该使用strcmp函数*/ if(strcmp(b,c)>0) swap(b,c); /*此处有错误，原因同上*/

if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b); /*原算法不能实现排序，需要添加此语句*/ printf(\"%s\\n%s\\n%s\\n\} 7.3.1

#include #include

void swap(char *pstr1,char *pstr2) {

char p[80];

.. wd ..

. ... .

strcpy(p,pstr1); strcpy(pstr1,pstr2); strcpy(pstr2,p); }

main() {

char a[80]=\"ccc\/* scanf(\"%s%s%s\ */ if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b); if(strcmp(b,c)>0) swap(b,c); if(strcmp(a,b)>0) swap(a,b);

printf(\"%s\\n%s\\n%s\\n\\n\\n\} 7.4.1

#include

int SquSum(int,int);

main() {

int a,b; int c;

printf(\"enter 2 integer:\"); scanf(\"%d%d\

c = SquSum(a,b);

printf(\"a=%d b:%d a2+b2=%d\\n\}

int SquSum(int x,int y) {

int z;

z = x*x+y*y; return z; } 7.4.2

#include

.. wd ..

. ... .

int GongYueShu(int,int); int GongBeiShu(int,int);

main() {

int a,b; int gbs,gys;

printf(\"enter 2 integer:\"); scanf(\"%d%d\

gys = GongYueShu(a,b); gbs = GongBeiShu(a,b);

if(gys<0)

printf(\"There has not gong yue shu!!!!!!\\n\"); else

printf(\"max gong yue shu:%d\\n\ printf(\"min gong bei shu:%d\\n\}

int GongYueShu(int x,int y) {

int i,gys=-1,min; min = x; if(x>y) min = y;

for(i=2;i<=min;i++) {

if((x%i==0)&&(y%i==0)) gys = i; }

return gys; }

int GongBeiShu(int x,int y) {

int i,gbs,max; max = x; if(y>x) max = y;

for(i=max;i<=x*y;i++) {

if((i%x==0)&&(i%y==0))

.. wd ..

. ... .

{

gbs = i; break; } }

return gbs; } 7.4.4

#include #include

void Delete_Ch(char *,char);

main() {

char str[80],ch;

printf(\"please a string:\"); gets(str);

printf(\"please a char:\"); scanf(\"%c\

Delete_Ch(str,ch);

printf(\"%s\\n\\n\}

void Delete_Ch(char *p,char ch) {

while(*p) {

if(*p==ch) {

strcpy(p,p+1); } else p++; } } 7.4.5

#include

int Is_ShuShu(int); /* return 0:shushu return -1:no shushu*/

.. wd ..

. ... .

main() {

int a,ret;

printf(\"pls enter a integer:\"); scanf(\"%d\

ret = Is_ShuShu(a); if(ret==0)

printf(\"%d is a shushu!!!\\n\ else

printf(\"%d is not a shushu\\n\}

int Is_ShuShu(int x) {

int i;

for(i=2;iif(x%i==0) return -1; }

if(i>=x/2) return 0; } 7.4.6

#include #include

void StrCat(char *s1,char *s2) {

while(*s1!='\\0') s1++;

while(*s2!='\\0') {

*s1 = *s2; s1++; s2++; }

*s1='\\0'; }

main() {

.. wd ..

. ... .

char a[200]=\"123456789\ printf(\"pls enter string 1:\"); gets(a);

printf(\"pls enter string 2:\"); gets(b);

StrCat(a,b);

printf(\"%s\\n\\n\} 7.4.7

#include #include

void Stat(char *s,int *ch,int *dig,int *spa,int *oth) {

while(*s!='\\0') {

if(((*s>='a')&&(*s<='z'))||((*s>='A')&&(*s<='Z'))) (*ch)++;

else if((*s>='0')&&(*s<='9')) (*dig)++; else if(*s == ' ') (*spa)++; else

(*oth)++; s++; } }

main() {

char a[200];

int ch=0,dig=0,spa=0,oth=0;

printf(\"pls enter a string :\"); gets(a);

Stat(a,&ch,&dig,&spa,&oth);

printf(\"ch:%d dig:%d spa:%d oth:%d\} 7.4.8

#include

.. wd ..

. ... .

#include

void reverse(char *s) {

if(*s){ }

main() {

char s[] = \"abcde\";

reverse(s);

puts(s); } 7.4.9

#include #include

paixu(int *p,int n,int flag) {

int i,j,m; int temp;

for(i=0;im = i;

for(j=i+1;jif(flag == 1) { if(p[j]>p[m]) m = j; } else { if(p[j]if(m!=i) {

temp = p[i]; p[i] = p[m]; p[m] = temp;

.. wd ..

. ... .

} } }

main() {

int a[20]; int n,i; int flag;

printf(\"please enter n(<20):\"); scanf(\"%d\ getchar();

printf(\"please enter array a:\"); for(i=0;iscanf(\"%d\

getchar();

printf(\"please enter paixu flag:\\n\"); printf(\"\1:degression\\n\"); printf(\"\0:increasion\:\"); scanf(\"%d\

paixu(a,n,flag);

printf(\"array a is:\"); for(i=0;iprintf(\"%4d\ printf(\"\\n\\n\"); }

.. wd ..