GMAT（VERBAL）语法改错模拟试卷8 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 2.
1． Europe’s travel industry is suffering as a result of a sluggish economy, a stretch of bad weather, as well as the chilling effects of terrorist activity that is persistent.
A．as well as the chilling effects of terrorist activity that is persistent B．and the chilling effect of terrorist activity that is persistent C．but persistent terrorist activity has had a chilling effect too
D．and the chilling effects of persistent terrorist activityE．as well as the chilling effects of terrorist activity that persists
正确答案：D 解析：A、B、E中用that从句来限定terrorists activity不如用persistent terrorist activity这样的名词短语简洁。C中but改变了句意，同时but之后用句子与前面的名词短语不能形成平行结构。D用and代替了as well as，因为用一个词代替三个词同样也是一种简洁的表达方式。 知识模块：语法改错
2． If industrial pollution continues to deplete the ozone layer, the resulting increase in ultraviolet radiation will endanger human health, causing a rise in the incidence of skin cancer and eye disease, and perhaps even threatening global ecological systems.
A．and perhaps even threatening B．and may even threaten
C．and even a possible threat to
D．as well as possibly threateningE．as well as a possible threat to
正确答案：B 解析：本句考核辨别并列结构的能力，即划线部分是与前面的哪一部分并列：是与前面的causing分词短词并列(如A、D)，是与谓语动词will endanger并列(如B)，还是与causing的宾语arise并列(如C、E)。假设A、D的并列方式是对的，则表明“危及人类健康(主句谓语)”这一动作会带来两个伴随结果：(1)导致皮肤癌及眼病的增加；(2)威胁全球生态环境。显然，第二个结果及主句这个行为是风马牛互不相及的事，句意上理解不通；采用类似办法，也可推断出第三种并列方式是错误的，从而第二种并列，即B选项正确，说明“紫外线的增加不仅会危及人类健康同时还会威胁全球的生态环境”。 知识模块：语法改错
3． The growing demand for housing, traffic congestion, and longer commuting trips has all but eliminated the cost advantage of owning a house in many rural communities.
A．The growing demand for housing, traffic congestion, and longer commuting
trips has
B．Traffic congestion, the growing demand for housing, and longer commuting trips has
C．Longer commuting trips, traffic congestion, and the growing demand for housing has
D．Traffic congestion, longer commuting trips, and the growing demand for housing haveE．The growing demand for housing, as well as traffic congestion and longer commuting trips, have
正确答案：D
解析：B、C中主谓不一致。E同理，as well as作为插入成分，不影响主语的单、复数属性。A、B错是由于并列成分中的一个部分——the demand for housing中有一个介词for，可能会产生歧义，误认为不仅housing，而且还包括traffic congestion，longer commuting trips均为for的宾语，这样就明显改变了句意。而D将并列中的不同部分的顺序做了调整，避免了此误会(请体会平行结构的第三个特征：意思上不能引起争议)。值得一提的是，平行结构的表达中有这样一条原则：即平行部分的次序按其长短排列，最短的、词最少的放在最前面；最长的、词最多的部分放在并列部分的结尾处。D选项也同时满足了此要求。本句中all but可译为：几乎，差不多。(可对照：E7—12中：omens，messages receded at seances and signs from heaven) 知识模块：语法改错
4． A recent New York Times editorial criticized the city’s election board for, first of all, failing to replace outmoded voting machines prone to breakdowns, and secondarily, for their failure to investigate allegations of corruption involving board members.
A．secondarily, for their failure to B．secondly, for their failure to
C．secondly, that their failed and did not
D．second, that they failed toE．second, for failing to
正确答案：E
解析：由未划线部分的for,first of all，failing to，决定了划线部分for之后应为failing，而不是其他表达。此要求，仅E符合。同时需提出的是：secondly或者firstly,thirdly这种用法已很少见了，而代之以first，second，third作副词放在句首。此点，在写作时尤其需注意。 知识模块：语法改错
5． In 1978 a national study found that not only had many contractors licensed by a self-policing private guild failed to pass qualifying exams, they in addition falsified their references.
A．they in addition falsified their references B．they had their references falsified in addition C．but they had also falsified their references
D．they had also falsified their referenceE．but their references were falsified as well
正确答案：C
解析：本句是not only…but also的并列用法，仅C、E符合此结构，但E中用了被动语态，D用主动语态，因而排除E。 知识模块：语法改错
6． Ignoring the admonitions of his staff, the chief financial officer accepted the advice of the consulting company because he believed that the standardized accounting procedures would prove not only inexpensive but reliable indicators of economic performance.
A．he believed that the standardized accounting procedures would prove not only inexpensive but
B．the standardized accounting procedures will prove both inexpensive and also C．he believed the standardized accounting procedures would prove themselves to be both inexpensive and
D．he believed that the standardized accounting procedures would prove to be both inexpensive andE．standardized accounting procedures will prove his belief that they are both inexpensive and
正确答案：D
解析：B中有两个缺陷：(1)will prove所表示的一般将来时与主句的一般过去时是不对应的；(2)both与and also的搭配是不正确的。c中也有两令毛病：(1)宾语从句省了标志词that；(2)themselves多余(对照看12-55)。A、D比较：A有一个缺陷，即在not only A1 but also A2结构中，要求两个并列成分不能存在省略，即不能在A1中(或A2中)省略了与A2中(或A1中)相同的部分，如本例A项，not only inexpensive之后就省去了indicators of economic performance，从而导致了A1与A2在形式上不一致。而both A1 and A2结构中，就允许A1和A2共用同一部分，而该部分可在A1中，也可在A2中，如本例的正确选项D(共用部分为indicators ofeconomic performance)。 知识模块：语法改错
7． Although it was expected that workers under forty would show hostility to the plan, the research report indicates that both younger and the older people approve of governmental appropriations for Social Security.
A．younger and the older people B．younger people and the older C．the younger and the older
D．younger and older peopleE．people who are younger and those who are older
正确答案：D
解析：A、B中both之后无the，而and之后有the，形式上不对称。C、D、E从句意上都对，但D最简洁。可能考生以前常见的都是用the+adj．代表某一类人，如：the poor或者the rich表穷人或者富人。但在GMAT中，不用the同样可表某一类人，如E7—34、E9-56、8-5中的poor andrich，因而选D。 知识模块：语法改错
8． Dr. Sayre’s lecture recounted several little-known episode in the relations between nations that illustrates what is wrong with alliances and treatises that do not have popular support.
A．relations between nations that illustrates
B．relation of one nation with another that illustrates C．relations between nations that illustrate
D．relation of one nation with another and illustrateE．relations of nations that illustrates
正确答案：B
解析：A、C中用between nations不符合between仅用于两者之间的用法。D中andillustrate的表达使得illustrate找不到平行对象。E中illustrates用第三人称单数形式与其先行词relations的复数形式不对应，B中that的先行词是relation。 知识模块：语法改错
9． Intar, the oldest Hispanic theater company in New York, has moved away from the Spanish classics and now it draws on the works both of contemporary Hispanic authors who live abroad and of those in the United States.
A．now it draws on the works both of contemporary Hispanic authors who live abroad and of those
B．now draws on the works of contemporary Hispanic authors, both those who live abroad and those who live
C．it draws on the works of contemporary Hispanic authors, both those living abroad and who live
D．draws now on the works both of contemporary Hispanic authors living abroad and who are livingE．draws on the works now of both contemporary Hispanic authors living abroad and those
正确答案：B
解析：由于该句属于同一动作执行者Intar的两个并列动作的平行结构，因而A、C中的it(指Intar)均可省去。比较B、D、E，D、E中both后的对象与and后的对象不具备可比性，同时E中now的位置不对。 知识模块：语法改错
10． The presidents of the block association tried to convince her neighbors they should join forces to prevent crime in the neighborhood rather than continuing to be victimized.
A．they should join forces to prevent crime in the neighborhood rather than continuing to be victimized
B．that they should join forces to prevent crime in the neighborhood rather than continue to be victimized
C．about joining forces to prevent crime the neighborhood instead of continuing to be victimized
D．for the joining of forces to prevent crime in the neighborhood rather than continue to be victimizedE．to join forces to prevent crime in the neighborhood rather
than continuing to be victimized
正确答案：B
解析：由rather than之后跟动词原形，可排除A，E。由instead of之后只跟名词或动名词的原则，排除C。D中convince sb．for sth．的用法不符合表达习惯。而B的表达是正确的。 知识模块：语法改错
11． A fire in an enclosed space burns with the aid of reflected radiation that preheats the fuel, making ignition much easier and flames spreading more quickly.
A．flames spreading B．flame spreads
C．flames are caused to spread
D．causing flames to spreadE．causing spreading of the flames
正确答案：D 解析：由划线部分之前的much easier and及划线之后的more quickly可断定，划线部分是与前面的making ignition构成平行结构，因而排除A、B、C，它们在形式上不对称；另外cause之后一般跟动词不定式，因而选D而排除E。 知识模块：语法改错
12． In metalwork one advantage of adhesive-bonding over spot-welding is that the contact, and hence the bonding, is effected continuously over a broad surface instead of a series of regularly spaced points with no bonding in between.
A．instead of B．as opposed to C．in contrast with
D．rather than atE．as against being at
正确答案：D
解析：尽管A、B、C这些词组均可用于表示前后对比的意思，但它们之中的最后一个词都是介词(of, to，with)决定了它们之后只能跟名词。而在此之前是介词短词over a broadsurface，那么划线之后也必须是介词短语。这两个要求存在矛盾，因而此功能(表2对比)只能由rather than来充当。D中补出介词at，符合平行原则。E中as against同样也有“对比”之意，但其之后是名词形式being at短语，也不符合平行要求。 知识模块：语法改错
13． A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.
A．had elected early retirement rather than face B．had elected early retirement instead of facing C．have elected retiring early instead of facing
D．have elected to retire early rather than facingE．have elected to retire early rather than face
正确答案：E
解析：本句同样是要明确哪两个之间存在并列关系，由题意可知，本句是elect的两个宾语之间的并列，即选择早退休而不是选择面对法律诉讼的威胁和不断增长的误诊保险费。由此，排除形式上不能形成平行结构的A、B，elect之后一般跟动词不定式，而不跟动名词，排除C。D中rather than之后未用动词原形。 知识模块：语法改错
14． Geologists believe that the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crusts, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
A．changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying
B．changing measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and varying C．changing the strain as measured across a fault zone, and variations of
D．changes in the measured strain across a fault zone, and variations inE．changes in measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and variations among
正确答案：D
解析：A、B、C中动名词changing短语与前面未划线的名词词组在形式上不能形成平行结构；比较D、E，E中有两个毛病：(1)D中change短语中，in短语的核心词为strain，而E把核心词改为measurement，句意随之改变；(2)在某方面的变异用variation in sth．而不用介词among；正如本句“在某方面的变化”用change in strain一样。 知识模块：语法改错
15． Some analysts contend that true capitalism exists only when the ownership of both property and the means of production is regarded as an inalienable right of individual’s, and it is not a license granted by government and revocable at whim.
A．is regarded as an inalienable right of an individual’s, and it is not B．are regarded as individuals’ inalienable rights, and that it not be C．is regarded as an individual’s inalienable right, not as
D．are regarded as an individual’s inalienable rights, not when they areE．is regarded as the inalienable rights of an individual, not when it is
正确答案：C
解析：本句是is sth…not sth．的平行结构，D中they指代有明显错误(只能指代analysts，篡改了句意)。B中的are与单数主语不一致。A中有两个毛病：(1)individual’s中的’s是多余的；(2)and it is也多余，因为主谓语前后相同，完全可省。比较C、E，E中not when it is与前面的when从句形成并列关系；it is之后省了regarded as。这样表达的缺陷在于未能突出as rights和not as alicense是同一条件的两个方面，也未能突出only的强调作用，使句意发生了变化.C句中as rights与not as a license是并列的主语补语，并作为when从句的一部分，only的强调含义也就很清楚地被表现出来，并且表达得很简洁。 知识模块：语法改错
16． From the time of its defeat by the Germans in 1940 until its liberation in 1944, France was a bitter and divided country; a kind of civil war raged in the Vichy government between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis with those who opposed them.
A．between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis with those opposed B．between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis and those who opposed
C．between those wanting to collaborate with the Nazis with those opposing D．among those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis and those who opposedE．among those wanting to collaborate with the Nazis with those opposing
正确答案：B
解析：本句是between…and的用法，仅B符合此要求(本句中有一个from…until句型)。 知识模块：语法改错
17． It is not likely that the competitive imbalance that now exists between Japan with all major industrial nations will be redressed during the foreseeable future.
A．with all major industrial nations will be redressed during
B．with all other major industrial nations will be redressed within C．with all other major industrial nations will be redressed during D．and all major industrial nations will be redressed duringE．and all other major industrial nations will be redressed within
正确答案：E
解析：本句是between…and结构，因而可排除A、B、C。比较D、E，D中有两个缺陷：(1)D中all之后未补出other，也就是未把自身(Japan)排除，逻辑上有问题；(2)during一般不与将来的时间段连用，E中用within连接将来的时段就合乎习惯。 知识模块：语法改错
18． The most favorable locations for the growth of glaciers, rather than being the cold, dry polar regions, would be instead the cool, moist middle latitudes, where there is abundant precipitation and where it is cold enough to allow some snow to accumulate year by year.
A．glaciers, rather than being the cold, dry polar regions, would be instead the cool, moist middle latitudes
B．glaciers are not the cold, dry polar regions but the cool, moist middle latitudes C．glaciers are the cool, moist middle latitudes rather than the cold, dry polar regions
D．glaciers, instead of being the cold, dry polar regions, would be the cool, moist middle latitudesE．glaciers are, instead of the cold, dry polar regions, rather the cool, moist middle latitudes
正确答案：B
解析：C中修饰对象错位，本应修饰the cool，moist middle latitudes的两个where从句变为对the cold，dry polar regions的修饰。B中用not…but结构清楚地表明了“不是…而是”的句意。A、E中：instead of与rather(than)出现在同一句中属于语义重复。D中being多余，且结构不如B简洁。 知识模块：语法改错
19． In the 1950’s astronomers were divided between those who believed the universe began in a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)with those who favored the model of an eternal and infinite steady-state universe.
A．universe began in a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)with B．universe began with a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)and
C．universe had a beginning in a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)or
D．universe’s beginning was a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)orE．universe’s beginning was a cosmic explosion(the “big bang”)against
正确答案：B
解析：本句是between…and的用法，除B外，其余选项搭配都不当。 知识模块：语法改错
20． The energy source on Voyager 2 is not a nuclear reactor, in which atoms are actively broken apart; rather a kind of nuclear battery that uses natural radioactive decay to produce power.
A．apart; rather B．apart, but rather
C．apart, but rather that of
D．apart, but that ofE．apart; it is that of
正确答案：B
解析：C、D、E中that of属多余，它们的加入会导致句意无法理解。因为that指代anuclear reactor，把其代入C、D、E，就成为a nuclear reactor of a kind of nuclear battery，不知所云。且E中省去but，用分号连接，弱化了转折语气。A rather单独出现只能作为形容词，与本句句意不符，要表示转折需要与than或but连用才正确。 知识模块：语法改错
21． From 1982 to 1987 sales of new small boats increased between five and ten percent annually.
A．From 1982 to 1987 sales of new small boats increased between five and ten percent annually
B．Five to ten percent is the annual increase in sales of new small boats in the years 1982 to 1987
C．Sales of new small boats have increased annually five and ten percent in the years 1982 to 1987
D．Annually an increase of five to ten percent has occurred between 1982 to 1987 in the sales of new small boatsE．Occurring from 1982 to 1987 was an annual
increase of five and ten percent in the sales of new small boats
正确答案：A 解析：B、C中in the year 1982 to 1987的表达模糊，不如用from 1982 to 1987清晰简洁。同时B、C、D、E中的five to ten percent或者five and ten percent都让人产生疑惑：为什么年增长率是5％～10％这样一个范围而非一具体数值?为什么年增长率既是5％又是10％(five and tenpercent)?A中用between five and ten percent准确表达句意，即：在1982年到1987年之间，这种小船的年销售增长率在5％到10％之间波动。 知识模块：语法改错
22． Despite its attractiveness, investing abroad can still pose big risks, ranging from the potential for political instability in some countries to the shortage of regulations to protect investors and a serious lack of information about investments in others.
A．to the shortage of regulations to protect investors and a serious lack of information about investments in others
B．to the shortage of regulations to protect investors and in others a serious lack of information about investments
C．and the shortage of regulations to protect investors and a serious lack of information about investments in others
D．and the shortage of regulations to protect investors to a serious lack of information about investments in othersE．to the shortage of regulations to protect investors in others and a serious lack of information about investments.
正确答案：A
解析：未划线的ranging from提示本句是from…to的表范围结构，本句中除C外，其他4个选项都用了此结构。一般来说，from…to…结构只并列2个内容，但此处却出现3个方面：thepotential，the shortage，a lack。因而其中有2个应用and连接组成大并列结构中的一个部分，而另一个则成为大并列结构中的另一部分。那么究竟谁跟谁由and连接成为一个并列的子项呢?这并非随意组合，正如在前面例题讲到的，意思相近的或密切相关的才能组合在一起。由本句句意，the shortage和a lack句意相近，适合并列成为一个from…to…子项。因此，排除D。A、B、E的根本差异在于对in others的位置考虑。在本句中，in others就是指in other countries，与前面的in somecountries对应。B中将in others放在a lack之前，与前面的in some countries放在名词词组末尾在形式上不对应；E的确将in others放在the shortage名词词组之后，但这样就会导致一种误解，即in others仅修饰the shortage，而不修饰后面的a lack，而句意要求in others不仅要修饰the shortage，还要修饰a lack。而A中的表达则把in others放在并列之末，表明investors之后省略了in others，表明了句意。 知识模块：语法改错
23． Scientific interest in providing suitable habitats for bottom-dwelling animals such as river clams arises not because they are important sources of human food but from their role as an integral link in the aquatic feed chain.
A．not because they are important sources of human food
B．although they are not an important sources of human food C．not in that they are important as human sources of food
D．not from their importance as a source of human foodE．not from being important sources of food for human beings
正确答案：D
解析：本句是not…but结构，由but之后的from their role决定了与其形式上对应而又符合句意的仅有D选项。 知识模块：语法改错
24． As it becomes more frequent to have spouses who both work outside the home, companies are beginning to help in finding new employment for the spouses of transferred employees.
A．it becomes more frequent to have spouses who both work outside the home B．it becomes more frequent to have couples both working outside the home C．it becomes more common that both husband and wife should be working outside the home
D．it becomes more common for both husband and wife to work outside the homeE．couples in which both of the spouses working outside the home become more common
正确答案：D
解析：根据结构，D符合这个结构，只不过用become替换了is。A、B中有两个错误：frequent在这里属使用不当，而have spouses和句子要表达的意思不一致，且会造成一种歧义： “公司使这些夫妇在外工作”，C中的should be working是没有任何依据的。E中的couples in whichboth of the spouses working outside的表达过于笨拙，并不符合习惯。 知识模块：语法改错
25． It may someday be worthwhile to try to recover uranium from seawater, but at present this process is prohibitively expensive.
A．It may someday be worthwhile to try to recover uranium from seawater B．Someday, it may be worthwhile to try and recover uranium from seawater C．Trying to recover uranium from seawater may someday be worthwhile
D．To try for the recovery of uranium out of seawater may someday be worthwhileE．Recovering uranium from seawater may be worthwhile to try to do someday
正确答案：A
解析：根据题意套此结构，选A。B中的to try and recover的表达是不对的，必须是try to dosth．或try doing sth．；D中的try for指“谋求，争取”，改变原句意思。E中try to do与句首的recovering属语义重复现象，没有A简洁。C用动名词作主语，按理说是可以成立的，但动名词与动词不定式作主语有唯一的细微差别：即动名词一般指通常性的、习惯性的动作，而动词不定式指某一特定动作(试比较：selling insurance is a prettily boring job和It was difficult tosell my car．)，而本句中用了someday，表明是某一特定动作，因而选A排除C。 知识模块：
语法改错
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