2017 考研英语二真题 +答案（缺少完型填空 1-20 ）
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points).
People have speculated for centuries about a future without work,.Today is no different,
with academics,
writers,
and activists
once again_1_ warning that
world
technology is replacing human workers. Someimagine that the coming work-free
will be defined by_2_ inequality: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exculsive
_3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different
sort,
one _4_by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply
become lazy and depressed. _6_, today ’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,
double the rate for _7_Americans. Also,
some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction _9_ poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Another study shows that people are often happier at work than in their free time. Perhaps this is why many _10_ about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
But it doesn’t _11_ follow from findings
like these that a world
without work would be filled with malaise. Such visions are based on the_12_of being
unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society
designed with
other
ends in mind could
_14_ strikingly
different
circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. of human potential, Ireland
“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a squandering ” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of
about a world without work. “Global surveys find
in Galway who has written
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that the vast majority of people are unhappy at work. ” These days, because
leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance from a hard day
the intellectual
and emotional _17_ of their jobs.
“WhenI comehome
“In a world
’s work, I often feel _18_, ” Danaher says, adding,
in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different enough to throw himself _19_a hobby or a passion project reserved for _20_ matters.
1 [A]boasting [B]warning[C]denying[D]ensuring 2[A]uncertainty[B]unreliability[C]instability[D]inequality 3[A]policy[B]guideline[C]prediction[D]resolution 4[A]measured[B]divied[C]balanced[D]characterized 5[A]meaning[B]wisdom[C]glory[D]freedom 6[A]indeed[B]instead[C]thus[D]nevertheless 7[A]rich[B]working[C]urban[D]educated
8[A]substitute[B]requirement[C]compensation[D] explanation 9[A]under[B]beyond[C]among[D]alongside
10[A]leave behind[B]worry about[C]make up[D]set aside 11[A]atatistically[B]necessarily[C]occasionally[D]economicall 12[A]downsides[B]chance[C]benefits[D]principles 13[A]course[B]height[C]face[D]absence 14[a]disturd[b]restore[C]yield[D]exclude 15[A]model[B]virtue[C]practice[D]hardship 16[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]scarce[D]mysterious 17[A]threats[B]standards[C]qualities[D]demands 18[A]tired[B]ignored[C]confused[D]starved 19[A]off[B]against[C]into[D]behind
20[A]professional[B]technological[C]educational[D]interpersonal 完型填空【答案】 1. B warning 2. D inequality
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”—perhaps different
usually
with the intensity
.WORD. 格式.
3. C prediction 4. D characterized 5. A meaning 6. A Indeed 7. B working 8. D explanation 9. A under 10. worry about 11. B necessarily 12. B chances 13. D absence 14. C yield 15. C practice 16. C scarce 17. D demands 18. A tired 19. C into
20. D interpersonal
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions ： Read the following four
texts.
Answer the questions below each text by
Text 1
Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun inspired
phenomenon began with a
dozen friends and has
choosing A,
B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands
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of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range
fr om Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.
Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy ” is failing. ago on Monday, it was announced that the Gamesof the 30 th Olympic would be to lever a nation
of sport
lovers
away from their
couches.
The population
would be Ten years
fitter,healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults
by nearly 2 million
in the run-up to 2012-but the general
at an accelerating
doing weekly sport did rise, population
was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling
rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport
a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London The success of Parkrun offers answers.
Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast,
wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite
athletes.
2012 failed to
“inspire a generation.
”
The dual aim is mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.
Indeed, there is something a little of such a fundamentally
absurd in the state getting
involved planing
“grassroots ” concept as community sports associations.
be getting involved in providing
If there is a role for government, it should really
common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities Instead of wordy, worthy strategies,
and declining future
attention
on sport in education.
governments need to do more to provide
the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.
21. According to Paragraph 1 Parkrun has
[A] gained great popularity
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.
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[B] created many jobs
[C] strengthened community ties [D] become an official festival 21. The author elie es that London
’s Olympic “legacy ”has failed to
.
[A] boost population growth [B] promote sport participation [C] impro e the city
’s image
[D] increase sport hours in schools
22. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it [A] aims at discovering talents [B] focuses on mass competition [C] does not emphasize elitism [D] does not attract first-timers
23. ith regard to mass sports the author holds that go ernments should
[A] organize
“grassroots ” sports e ents
[B] supervise local sports associations [C] increase funds for sports clubs [D] invest in public sports facilities
24. The author ’s attitude to what go ernment ha e done for sports is [A] tolerant [B] critical [C] uncertain [D] sympathetic Text1 【答案】
21.A gained great popularity 22.B promote sport participation
23.C does not emphasize elitism 24.D invest in
public
sports
facilities
25.B critical
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.
.
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Text 2
With so muchfocus on children ’s use of screens, it ’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.
“Tech is designed to really suck you in,
” says Jenny
Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote
maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.
”
at mealtimes by giving
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets mother-child
pairs a food-testing
exercise.
She found that mothers who used devices
during the exercise started interactions
20 per cent fewer verbal and 39 per cent fewer nonverbal
During a separate observation,
she saw that phones
with their children.
became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are
wired to look at parents
’ faces to
try to understand their
world,
and if those faces are blank and unresponsive- as they often are when absorbed in a device- it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment
” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the
1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: The child
becomes increasingly
distressed
as she tries
to capture
her mother ’s
attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there
to a child ’s
needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,
” says Radesky.
’
On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an should always be interacting
“oppressive ideology that demands that parents ” with their children:
“It ’s based on a somewhat
’re
” Tronick ’t mean
fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them. believes that just because a child isn
’t learning from the screen doesn
there ’s no value to it- particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,
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do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their
devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.
This can make them feel happier, which lets them be more available to their child the rest of the time.
25. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to______. [A] absorb user attention [B] increase work efficiency [C] simplify routine matters [D] better interpersonal relations
26. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers [A] takes away babies [B] distracts children
’ appetite ’s attention
’ use of devices______.
[C] reduces mother-child communication [D] slows down babies
’ verbal development
27. Radesky cites the “still face experiment ” to show that______.
[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions [B] parents need to respond to children
’s emotional needs
[C] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange [D] children are insensitive to changes in their parents
’ mood
28. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to______. [A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies [B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year [C] remain concerned about kids
’ use of screens
[D] ensure constant interaction with their children
29. According to Tronick, kids ’ use of screens may_______.
[A] make their parents more creative
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[B] give their parents some free time [C] help them with their homework [D] help them become more attentive Text2 【答案】
30. A absorb user attention
31. C reduces mother-child communication 32. B parents need to respond to children
’s emotional needs
33.D ensure constant interaction with their children 34.B give their parents some free time
Text 3
Today,
widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction
high expectations
in a fast-moving
it seems silly
word often causes students to to stay ack a year doesn’t
to spend a year
with increasingly
completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall doing something that isn But while this may e true it
’t academic.
’s not a goo
d enough reason to condemn gap years.
it? And after going to school for 12 years
it doesn’t feel natural
There’s always a constant fear of falling ehind e eryone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line medical school or a lucrative Studies from the year are generally
” whether that e toward graduate school
a gap year take a gap
career. But despite commonmisconceptions,
does not hind the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probably enhances it.
United States and Australia show that students who
better prepared for and perform better in college that those who
students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing
and environmental
changes - all things
do not. Rather than pulling
them for independence, new responsibilities lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting new environment, acclimation blunders.
that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can
to college and being thrown into a brand
rather than
making it easier to focus on academics and activities
If you ’re not con inced of the inherent alue in taking interests, students
then consider its financial end up changing their
a year off to explore
impact on future academic choice. According
once. This isn ’t surprisi
ng,
to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college
majors at least
considering students switching
the basic mandatory high school curriculum
themselves
listing
one major on their
leaves students with a poor college
application,
but
understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college. Many
find
to another after taking college classes. It ’s not necessarily
a ad thing
but depending on the school, it can be closely to make up credits after switching
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too late in the game. At Boston college, for example, you would have to complete
an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.
35. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that
A. they think it academically misleading B. they have a lot of fun to expect in college C. it feels strange to do differently from others D. It seems worthless to take off-campus courses
36. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps
A. Keep students from being unrealistic B. Lower risks in choosing careers C. Ease freshmen ’s financial urdens D. Relieve freshmen of pressures
37. The word “acclimation ” (Line 8 Para. 3) is closest in meaning to
A. Adaptation B. Application C. Motivation D. Competition
38. A gap year may save money for students by helping them
A. Avoid academic failures B. Establish long-term goal C. Switch to another college D. Decide on the right major
39. The most suitable title for this text would be
A. In Favor of the Gap B. The ABCs of the Gap Year C. The Gap Year Comes Back D. The Gap Year :A Dilemma Text3 【答案】
26.B They have a lot of fun to expect in college 27.D relieve freshmen of pressure 28.B adaptation
29.A decide on the right major 30.B In favor of the Gap Year
Text 4
Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of the wildfires is
a national concern
because of impact on federal
tax dollars, says
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Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires on such efforts
20 years ago. In effect,
the agency ’s other work Americans.
Another nationwide concern is whether public front other agencies are going into construction
in fire —prone districts.
As Moritz puts it ,how often are federal
dollors building homes are likely to be lost to a widefire?
“It ’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure persperctive for the whole country, a minitues,
” he says “We need to take a manifying glass to that. Like,
”
“Wait
is this Ok?” Do we want instead to redirect
those funds to concertrate
—nearly double the percentage it spend fewer federal finds todays are going towards
—that affect the lives of all
—such as forest conservations, watershed and cultural
resources management, and infrastructure upkeep
on lower —hazardparts of the landscape? views fires, researchers say.
Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today For one thing, conversation about wildfires needs to be more inclusive. Over
the past decade, the focus has been on climate change —how the warning of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.
While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it of the rest of the equation.
“ The human system and landscapes we live go boths ways, ” he says. Falling
on are linked, and the
interactions
to recognize that, he notes, leads to “ an overly
”
says Proffesor
Balch at the
that make ” It is
shouldn ’t come at the expense
simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited. wholly controlled University is an attitude
At the same time , people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be
and unleashed only out of necessity,
of Colorado. But acknowledging fire ’s inevitable
crucial
to developing for the laws, politics,
presence in humanlife and practices ” Balch says ,
it as safe as possible, she says .
“We’re disconnected ourselves from living with fire, really
important to understand
”
and try and trease out what is
with the fire today .
the human connection
40. More frequency wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they tend to
A. cause a huge a rise of infrastructure expenditure B. severely damaged the ecology of western states C. consumed a record
—high percentage of budget
D. exhausted unprecendented management efforts 41. Moritz calls for the use of
A. raise more funds for fire-prone areas
“a magnifying glass
” to
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B. guarantee safer spending of public funds C. avoid the redirection of federal money D. find widefire
—free parts of the landscape
42. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that A. public debates have not selected yet B. fire
—fighting conditions are improving
C. other factors should not be overlooked D. a shift in the view of fire has taken place
43. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of falling to A. understand the interrelation of man and nature B. maximize the role of landscape in human life C.explore the mechanism of the human systems D. discover the fundamental makeup of nature
44. Professor Balch point out that fire is something man should A. do away with B. keep away from C. pay a price for D. come to terms with Text4
【答案】
31. C consumed a record-high percentage of budget 32. A raise more fund for fire-prone areas 33. C other factors should nod be overlooked 34. A understand the interrelations of man and nature 35. D come to terms with
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWE SHEET.(10 minutes)
The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from
Donald Trump. “Wedon’t make anything anymore. ” he told Fox News, while his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.
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defending .WORD. 格式.
Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further manufacturing.
But there is also a different way to look at the data.
Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition
and outsourcing.
American manufacturing
still
needs to replace tens of
trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit
thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their places. Other industries pay.
For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff pressure on wages.
competition
for workers - and upward
” says Jay “They may be
that are
are recruiting
them with similar
or better
“ They ’re harder to find and they have job offers.
Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. coming [into
the workforce],
but they ’ve been plucked by other industries
also doing as well as manufacturing. ” Mr Dunwell has begun bringing high school
juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.
At RoManManufacturing,
a maker of electrical
transformers
and welding equipment
that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring
this year. Mr Roth has three community-college
students enrooled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $17 after two years.
At a worktable flustered
inside
the transformer
plant,
young Jason Stenquist
looks
by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors.
It ’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching love working with tools. I loving creating.
But to win over these young
to electrical
engineering.
“I
” he says.
have to clear another major
workers, manufacturing
hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downtown since the Great Despreesion, telling
them to avoid the factory.
Millennials
“remember their father
recessions. ” says
and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing
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Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency western Michigan.
There concerns aren ’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million
in 1970 to 12 million
in 2015. Whenthe recovery began, worker strangers
first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skilled levels.
“The gap is between the jobs that take on skill and those that require a lot of skills.
” says rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.
you
’s where the
“There ’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where don’t need to have much skill. It problem is.
”
Community College points to another key to another
’s that gap in between, and that
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids
key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a worker/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives. says.
[A] believe that it is important on the age of his workers
45. Jay Dunwell
[B] says that the manufacturing for the lay off of the young people
46. Jason Stenquist
[C] says that for factory
recession is to blame
’s parents. to keep a close eye
“ Overtime
” she
owners, workers are harder
to find because of stiff competition.
47. Birgit Klohs
[D] says that he
switched to electrical
engineering
because he loves working with tools.
48. Rob Spohs
[E] points
out that
the US doesn’t manufacture
anything anymore.
49. Julie Parks
[F] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don
’t need much skill.
balance can attract
[G] points out that a worker/life
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young people into manufacturing.
【答案】 50. Jay Dunwell
答案 C says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find
because of stiff competition. 51. Jason Stenquist
答案 D says that he switched to electrical
engineering
because
he loves working with tools. 52. Birgit
Klohs 答案 B says that the
e’s parents.
out there are enough people to fill
the jo s that don’t
manufacturing recession is to
blame for the
lay-off of the young peopl 53. Rob Spohr 答案 F points need much skill. 54. Julie
Parks 答案 G points out that a work/life balance can attract young people
into manufacturing.
Section III Translation
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neat on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing.
Two years before graduating
from secondary school, I took a sewing and
to a fashion design course. However,
design course thinking that I would move on
during that course I realized that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university journalism,
because writing
was, and still
I told everyone that I would study
activities.
But,
is, one of my favorite
to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream —I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for somefashion-related
courses that included writing.
This is when
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I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion. ”
55. 【答案】 我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作。在中学毕业前的两年，我 参加了一个缝纫和涉及课程， 并想着自己会继续去学习一个时尚设计课程。 我意识到自己并不擅长这一领域，
将来也竞争不过其他富有创造力的人才，
然而， 上课期间 因此我断定对我
而言，这并非正确的道路。申请大学之前，我告诉大家，我会学习新闻专业，因为写作曾经 是，而且现在仍然是，我最喜欢的活动之一。但是，坦诚而言，我之所以这样说，是因为我 认为时尚于我只是一个梦想——我知道根本没有人能够想象我会从事时尚行业。
因此我决定
找一些与时尚有关而又包含写作的课程。恰在那时，我注意到了“时尚媒体与推广”课程。
Section IV Writing
Part A 56. Directions:
Suppose you are invited
by Professor Williams to give a presentation
about Chinese
culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to
1) Accept the initation, and
2) Introduce the key points of your presentation.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use
“Li Ming ” instead.
Do not write your address. (10 points).
36. 【答案】
Dear Professor Williams,
I would like to extend my hearty gratitude to you for your invitation to give a lecture. And I am very delighted that I could have the opportunity to introduce Chinese culture to these international students. The
key factors
for my lecture are as follows.
To begin with, I would talk about
the development of Chinese culture,
since it can let these students understand China
more comprehensively. Furthermore, I will introduce the communication of Chinese culture with foreign ones, which will help the students have an easier grasp of Chinese culture.
Once again, thank you very much for your invitation. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
Part B
37. Directions:
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Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
57. 【答案】
Here is a line chart, telling us an interesting phenomenon. It goes without saying that the chart records the amount of museums and that of their visitors in China from 2013 to 2015, which successfully arouses our curiosity. As is clearly reflected
by the chart, the numbers of museumsand of tourists
have witnessed great
changes during the two years. Especially, the sum of visitors has experienced the most dramatic change, jumping from 637.8 Obviously, the various inclinations, more consideration
Theoretically, several reasons may trigger the trend that increasing people are in a large part willing to go to museums, but for my part, the following two are of great importance. has offered
Onthe top of list
is that the improvement of living
standard
is
million in 2013 clearly
reflected
to 781.1 million in 2015. by the chart, should be given
people abundant time and money to visit museums. In addition, there
the other point that no one can deny. It is universally admitted that the growing
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diversity of museums has attracted more and more people.
Taking into account what has been discussed above, we may safely come to the conclusion that the current situation will continue in the forthcoming years.
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