Page 37
Pair Work
1. How important was the automobile industry in the twentieth century
The automobile industry ranked as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century.
2. What will happen to cars and roads in the twenty-first century Cars and roads will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century.
3. Why does the author say the key to tomorrow's \"smart cars\" will be sensors Because it is sensors that will enable vehicles and roads to be able to see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.
4. How would sensors help reduce traffic fatalities
Sensors can sense if a driver is drunk and refuse to start up the engine. 5. What is the function of the radars hidden in the bumpers
The radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. If you make a serious driving mistake the computer will sound an immediate warning. 6. How will a smart car alert a driver who feels drowsy
If the driver's eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.
7. What makes it possible for smart cars to determine their approximate location GPS makes it possible for smart cars to determine their location on the earth to within about a hundred feet.
8. What are the prospects for applications of GPS
With the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless.
9. What is \"telematics\" expected to achieve in increasing the efficiency and safety of highway transportation
It is expected to put smart cars on smart highways.
10. What are traffic engineers doing on Interstate 15 close to San Diego They are installing an MIT-designed system which will introduce the \"automated driver\".
11. What hopes do promoters of the smart highway have for its future
They have great hopes for its future. By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States. By 2020, telematics could be adopted in thousands of highways in the United States. 12. What are the advantages of smart highways
Smart highways could be an environmental boon, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion. Page 38
Working on Your Own 1.
Part One Paras. 1-3 New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars
and highways in the 21st century.
Part Two Paras. 4-9 With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will
be so designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determine their own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.
Part Three Paras. 10-13 GPS and \"telematics\" will make it possible to build
smart highways, which will benefit us in a number of
ways.
2.
1) Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act; 2) They can eliminate most of car accidents;
3) They can alert the police and provide precise location of your car if stolen; 4) They can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby; 5) They can alert the driver who feels drowsy;
6) They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams. Page 38
Language Sense Enhancement 1.
(1) cure (2) impact (3) orbiting satellites (4) warn of (5) location
(6) At any given time (7) vibrate (8) detected (9) calculate (10) converted Page 41 Vocabulary 1.
1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately Page 42
2.
1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into Page 43 3.
1) The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features. 2) To suspend our hammock, we need to find two trees ten feet apart.
3) Jason faces up to 10 years in prison for offering bribery money to the US navy official responsible for awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm. 4) Manufactures usually begin by building the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.
5) Medical evidence shows that smoking and lung cancer are correlated in all racial groups. Page 43 4.
1) the application / remote / has turned into a reality / are poised to 2) that vibrate / can detect / frequency 3) lanes / are mounted in / alert a / hazard Page 44
II Word Formation
kilo-kilogram Medicare-medical care memo-memorandum email-electronic mail
gym-gymnasium comsat-communications satellite lib-liberation newscast-news broadcast
doc-doctor skyjack-sky hijack vet-veterinarian Eurodollar-European dollar prep-preparatory
brunch-breakfast
and
lunch
auto-automobile
telecast-television broadcast
flu-influenza Oxbridge-Oxford and Cambridge Page 45 III Usage
1) swimming pool 2) drawing board 3) enriched Middle English 4) disturbing change
5) fully developed prototype 6) Canned foods 7) working population 8) puzzling differences Page 46 I. Cloze
(1) computerized (2) start up (3) be poised to (4) alert (5) hazards (6) monotonous (7) take control of (8) steer9 (9) lane (10) decrease (11) calculate (12) eliminate (13) getting stuck in (14) mounted (15) detect (16) vapor Page 47 2.
(1) generates (2) related (3) revolutionized (4) enabled (5) opportunities
(6) overall (7) manufacturing (8) dependent (9) interact (10)
fatalities Page 47 II Translation
1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.
2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems. 3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.
4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently. 5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach. Page 48 2.
Automobiles
have, since their invention,
revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most
of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.
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