句型
1） I'd appreciate it if you would like to.. 2）虚拟语气
It’s high/about time that … Would you mind that… 3) be about to do sth when… Be doing sth when… No sooner…..than Hardly …. when would rather do
would rather…than… would…rather than…
Prefer to do…rather than do… Would you mind doing sth…
This\\It\\That is + the +序数词+time+(that) sb has done sth
It+ be + the +形容词最高级+ 名词+that … This\\It\\That was + the +序数词+time+(that) sb had done sth
This is the first time I ___ such beautiful music. A heard B am hearing C will hear D have heard
It is (high\\about)time +(that) sb. + did sth Would you mind +从句
Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ___ something instead of just talking.
A will do B has done C do D did
2 until 句型
肯定式：a. 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 b. 主从句均为肯定式c. 译为：直到。。。为止 He remained there until/till she arrived. 否定式：a. 主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词b. 从句均为肯定式c. 译为：直到。。。才。。。 He won't go to bed until/till she returns.
特殊考点1：
Not until ... 助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+谓语
直到地震两天后，她才发现她的妈妈还活着。 Not until two days after the earthquake did she find her mother alive． 特殊考点2：
not...until 的强调句型 ：It is not until... that... 直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事儿。
It was not unti you told me that I had any idea of it.
It was not until she got home ______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that C. where D. before 反意疑问句
前肯后否定.前否后肯定.
注意当陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定或半否定时，疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如果前面否定词是带有否定前缀的，反意疑问句部分用否定形式Tom dislikes playing tennis，doesn’t he?否定祈使句，will you? 肯定祈使句,will\\won’t you?
If you want help—money or anything ,let me know,_________ you?
A. don’t B. will C. shall D. do Don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ______? A.do you B.don’t you C.will you D.won’t you
You and I could hardly work together, _____ ? A. could you B. couldn’t I C. couldn’t we D. could we
倍数表达法
①A be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than B ②A be + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as B
③A be + 倍数 + as many/much + 名词 + as B ④A be + 倍数 + 名词（size, height, length, width...） + of B
⑤A be + 倍数 + what从句
---How many boy students are there in your class?
---There are ____girls as boys.
A. three times many as B. many as three times C. as many three times D. three times as many The office is ______that one ,so we can have our meeting there.
A.six times bigger as B.six times as big as C.six times big as D.six times as bigger as
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A. and B. or C. unless D. but ② _____ on the top of the tower and you’ll enjoy
1）祈使句+and/or+陈述句 the scenery of the whole city. 2）倍数表达 A. Standing B. Stand C. To stand 3）强调句 D. Stand 4）过去分词作后置定语 ③______ and I’ll get the work finished. 5）代词 it, one, that A. Have one more hour B. One more 6）with 复合结构 hour=Give me one more hour 7）时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成 C. Given one more hour D. If I have one 时，过去完成时等的用法 more hour 8）It 充当形式主语和形式宾语 ④ Stand over there___ you’ll be able to see it 9）动词不定式作目的状语及结果状语从句 better. 10）部分倒装和完全倒装 A. or B. while C. but D. and 11）will, be going to 2）过去分词作后置定语 12)现在 表将来 过去分词作定语时,通常可替换某些定语从名词用作动词；时间状语从句； 句.此时要注意两点:首先,在被替换的定语从句 中,主语必须是作从句主语的关系代词;其次,定详解 语从句中的谓 1) 祈使句，+ and + 陈述句: 在这里祈使句相语动词通常使用表示已经完成的时态或被动语当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉态. and）。 Give blood ( if you can )and many lives will be 例如: saved. 1. Prices of daily goods_______through a 还可以用简短的形式表示，即省略动词。 computer can be lower than store prices. Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work A. are bought B. bought finished.（祈使句） C. been bought D. buying ==One more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.思路分析:此题考查过去分词短语作后置定语的（名词短语） 用法.我们可以把bought through还原成一个定== If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the 语从句:Prices of daily goods that are bought work finished.（if条件句） through a computer...可知最佳答案为B项. ==If I am given one more hour, I’ll get the work finished. 2.The managers discussed the plan that they == Given one more hour, I’ll get the work would like to see_______the next year. finished. A. carry out B. carrying out More effort, and you will succeed. C. carried out D.to carry out Another attempt, and you will get it. One more minute, and the patient would have bled 思路分析:此题考查see sb./sth. done句型.因the to death. plan与carry out逻辑上是被动关系,故答案为C,祈使句，+ or + 陈述句 其中that引导了一个定语从句.
Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying. 3.The Olympic Games,_______in 776 B.C.,did
Let’s keep to the point，or we ______ any not include women players until 1912. decisions. A.first playing B.to be first played A will never reach B have never reached C.first played D.to be first playing C never reach D never reached 小练： 思路分析:the Olympic Games与play之间是被①Help others whenever you can （次要成分忽略动关系,故排除A、D项.B项是不定式的被动式,不看）______ you will make the world a nicer 表示\"未来\也可排除,因此,C项是对的.它相当place to live in. 于一个非限制性定语从句which were first
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本学期语法
played.
3) It 充当形式主语和形式宾语 一、 It 用作形式主语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕 It is no use arguing about it.
(争吵是没用的。) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕
It is uncertain who will come.
(谁要来还不确定。) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.
(学一门外语非常重要。)
It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.
(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。) ② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that …. e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。)
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.
(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。) ③ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。) It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)
④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. (似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)
It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)
⑤ 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow?
(他们明天不来很重要吗？)
Is it true that he will go abroad next week? (他下周出国是真的吗？)
⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth. 这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.
(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)
It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.
(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)
How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?
(从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？) I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.
(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)
二、It 用作形式宾语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语： ① 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）； e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
（他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。） I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
（我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。） He makes it a rule never to borrow money. （他立志决不向别人借钱。）
I think it no need talking about it with them.
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（我认为没必要跟他们谈。） ② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句； e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. （我不喜欢他那么懒惰。）
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. （我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。）
③ that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）
Would you see to it that she gets home early? （你负责保证她早到家，好吗？） He insisted on it that he was innocent. （他坚持说自己是无辜的。）
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.
（我让你自己判断这事是否该做。）
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
（多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。）
试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：
1. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89)
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.. (MET90)
A. this B. that C. its D. it
3. Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? (MET91)
A. this B. that C. he D. it
4. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didn’t help. (MET93) A. he B. which C. she D. it
5. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (MET95) A. There B. This C. That D. It
6. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full. (MET98)
A. it B. that C. these D. them
7. Don’t _______ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. (上海98)
A. take as granted B. take this for granted
C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 8. I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (MET2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one
模拟练习：
( ) 1. _______ happened _______ he is unfit for the office.
A. This; that B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that
( ) 2. We took _______ for granted that they would accept our advice.
A. that B. this C. it D. them
( ) 3. _______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?
A. Is true B. Is it true C. It’s true D. It’s truly
( ) 4. _______ doesn’t matter much _______ dress you are going to wear.
A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D. It; who
( ) 5. _______ is going to America for further study.
A. He is said that B. People said that he C. It was said he D. It is said that he ( ) 6. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well. A. This B. That C. There D. It
( ) 7. Is _______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. this B. there C. that D. it ( ) 8. She liked _______ when he kissed her. A. him B. that C. one D. it
( ) 9. _______ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.
A. It B. There C. Those D. One
( )10. We think _______ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
Key: 高考真题: 1-8 CDDDDADC 模拟练习: 1-5 CCBCD 6-10 DDDAD
综合内容：
1)It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时） 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to
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be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy 全部否定。） about everything to do with nature. 1)Only then did we decide to answer （强调句） 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法 violence with violence. 出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事（倒装句） 只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力物都无比狂热。 反抗暴力。 2)I don’t think it is necessary for us 3)Your friend can’t go until he/she finishes to give in. cleaning the bicycle. （否定前置）我认为我们没有必要让步。 4)The murderer was brought in, with his hands Exercises： tied behind his back. 1. _____ their real economic situations, they got 5)It has been quite some time since I was last in some relief fund from the government. London. A. Considered B. Having been considered 6)It was three years since we had been three. C. Considering D. Being considered It 作形式主语，常用形容词有popular, possible, 2.My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock unusual, important, necessary... tonight.The plane I would like to take from there It be/become+adj.+for sb/sth to do sth ______by then. It is important for the students to learn English A. would leave B. will have left well. C. has left D. had left It is +adj.+ of sb to do sth 3.The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste like kind, polite, foolish, friendly, cruel anything I _______ before. It is foolish of you to buy his books. A. was having B. had ever had It作形式宾语 C. have D. have ever had make/think /find/feel/+ it +adj/n +(for sb )to do 4.We must remember that _____fashion is not the sth most important thing in _______ life. 或 make/think /find/feel/+ it +adj/n +(for sb ) + A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the that clause 5.During the tourist season, there are many people 1.She made it a rule for her child to wash his wandering in this city to see the old castles hands before eating . _____ in the sixteenth century. She made it a rule for her child that he should A. to be built B. being built wash his hands before eating. C. having been built D. built 2.I think it not right to let primary students do too CBDBD much homework. 6.There has been a great increase in retail 定语从句 sales,____﹖ 1)The number of people who were killed A. does there B. isn't there or injured in the earthquake reached C. hasn't there D. isn't it more than 400,000. 7.Under no circumstance _____ to tell lies to （定语从句） 死伤的人数达到40多万。 parents. 2)After getting up, he always drinks a A. children are allowed B. children will allow glass of water, which he believes is good for his C. will children allow D. are children allowed health. 8.He doesn't know what to say, for it is the first （非限制性定语从句） 每天起床后，他都喝一time that he ______ with a girl. 杯水，他认为这对他的身体有好处。 A. went out B. goes out 1)All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost. C. has gone out D. had gone out （部分否定） 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 9.There are only twelve ______ in the hospital. 2) None of us were allowed to go there.（全部否 A. woman doctors B. women doctors 定） 我们全都不许去那里。 C. women doctor D. woman doctor （ All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以10.It _____ quite a few years _____the accused 及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它was declared innocent and set free. 们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none A. was; since B. is; that nobody, nothing, not;any, 以及 no+名词都表示 C. will be; when D. was; before
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CDCBD
11.It was not until late in the evening____ her husband arrived home.
A. which B. when C. that D. how
12.It _____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
A. was B. are C. were D. had been 13.This is the only one of the students _____ the truth．
A.that know B.that knows C.who know D.which knows
14.I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. it D. its
15.We think _______ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it CABCD
9. Students must have access ______ good books. A. for B. to C. into D. with 10. This book is said to be the special one, which ______ many events that cannot be found in other history books.
A. covers B. writes C. prints D. reads 11. He had a wonderful childhood, ______ with his mother to all corners of the world. A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. travelling
12. _______ and happy, John stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising B. Being surprised C. Surprised D. To be surprising
13. On the third floor there are two rooms, _______ is used as a meeting room.
A. the larger of them B. the larger of which C. larger of which D. the largest of which 14. Mr. Smith is ________ a teacher. He is a friend as well. We all respect him. A. more than B. other than C. less than D. rather than 15. -Are you satisfied with his work? -Not at all. _______________ A. You are absolutely right! B. It couldn't be worse!
C.I couldn't agree more D. That couldn't be better!
附：重点词组
Module 1
1. in other words 换句话说
2. look forward to (doing) sth.期盼(做)某事 3. at the start/beginning of 在……开始的时候 4. at the end of 在……结束的时候
be divided into 被（划）分成…… 5. take part in 参加
6. be similar to 与……相似
7. one’s attitude to sth 某人对某物的看法 8. be impressed with sth.对……印象深刻 9. leave/have/make an impression on sb.
给某人留下印象
10. mind doing sth 介意做某事 11. be disappointed with/in sb 对某人感到失望
be/get bored with sth 对某事感到厌倦 19. be/get bored with doing sth.
对做某事感到厌倦 20. introduce sb./sth. to sb. 把某人（某物）介绍给某人
on one’s /the way to… 在……途中 22. on the way home 在回家的路上 21. by the way 顺便说一下；在路旁 22. in the way 碍事，挡路 23. lose one’s way 迷路 24. by the end of
到……结束时（常与完成时连用） 25. be amazed at/by 对……感到惊讶 26. try doing sth. 试着做某事 32. try to do sth 努力做某事 33. take off 起飞, 脱掉（衣物） 34. make progress 取得进步 35. keep doing sth. 不停地做某事 36. admit doing sth承认做过某事 37. as a result 因此，结果 38. fall asleep 睡着
39. be strict with sb. 对某人严格 40. be fluent in 在……（方面）流利 41. feel embarrassed 感到尴尬
42. to one’s embarrassment 令人尴尬的是 43. the number of ……的数目 44. a number of 许多
Module 2
45. be strict in… 在……方面要求严格
46. make sure of sth. 弄清楚某事；查明某事 47. make sure that… 弄清楚… 48. I would appreciate it if…
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如果……，我将不胜感激。
49. appreciate doing sth. 感激某人做某事 50. admit doing/having done sth. 承认做过某事
51. admit sb. to/into/in 允许某人进入 52. as a result 结果
53. as a result of… 由于……的结果 54. tell jokes 开玩笑
55. play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人
56. respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人 57. would rather do… than do…
宁愿做…而不做…
58. be patient with 对……耐心 59. learn from 向……学习
60. have problem with sth 在某方面有问题 61. give sb. some advice 给某人提建议 62. with all the work finished
由于作业已经完成
63. That’s settled 就这么定了。 64. a couple of….. 几个（件）…… 65. do well in 在……方面做得好
66. can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 67. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
Module 3
1. get on 上（公车、船） 2. get off 下（公车、船） 3. get into 上（汽车、的士） 4. get out of 下（汽车、的士）；离开… 5. take off 起飞
6. be short for … 是……的缩写/简称 7. in short 总之；简言之 8. not … any more 不再 9. out of date 过时 10. refer to 涉及；提到
11. more than… 多于…；超过… 12. in the 1920s 在二十世纪20年代 13. at a speed of… 以……的速度 14. pay a visit to … 参观… 15. Would you mind doing …?
你介意做…?
16. at a distance 从远处 17. in the distance 在远处
18. keep distance from … 与…保持距离 19. abandon oneself to sth 沉湎于某事 20. be expert at doing sth 熟练做某事 21. no more than 和…一样不
22. not more than 至多
23. more… than… 与其说……倒不如说 24. try doing sth 试着做某事
25. train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事 26. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 27. allow doing sth 允许做某事 28. just now 刚才（一般过去时）
29. a long time ago 很久以前（一般过去时） 30. stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
31. had better not do sth 最好不要做某事
Module 4
1. put up 搭建；修建；张贴；举起 2. so far 到目前为止 up to now 3. get away from… 摆脱……
4. a great many 许多（后加名词复数） 5. a number of = many 许多 6. several, a couple of, 7. go up 上升；（价格）上涨
8. be made of 由…制造（能看出原料） 9. be made from 由…制造（看不出原料） 10. be made up of 由…构成 11. starve to death 饿死
12. exchange sth for sth 用某物换某物 13. in exchange for 换取
14. reason for …的原因 （加名词性短语） 15. reason why 原因是为什么 （加句子） 16. can afford to do sth 能负担得起做某事 17. survive from… 从…幸存下来 18. be in contact with… 与…保持联系 19. get in contact with… 与…取得联系 20. get away 离开；出发 21. a great deal of = much 大量（修饰不可数名词） A pile of
22. be similar to… 与…相似
23. compare …with/ to 把…比作…
24. too … to do sth 太…以至于不能做某事 25. laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
Module 5
1. two-thirds 三分之二 a quarter 四分之一 three quarters 四分之三 2. expand v. expansion n.
expand the vocabulary 扩大词汇量
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4. draw a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最终、总之
5.with the aim of (doing) sth. 为了（做）某事 aim at/for sth 力争做到
aim(…)at… 瞄准、对准… aim to do sth 旨在做某事 7. react to 对。。。做出反应 react on/upon 对。。。产生影响 8. in order 按顺序、整齐
out of order 不整齐、次序颠倒 in order that+ 句子 为了 9. at the top of …在。。。顶部 at the bottom of… 在。。。底部
10. learn from 从…中吸取教训，向。。。学习 learn sth from sb 向某人学习某事，从某人那里得知某事。 11.add…to 往。。。加入 add to 增添
add up 加起来与总数相符，说得通 add up to 总共是
13. in the form of … 以。。。形式
14. keep one’s balance 保持平衡、保持镇静 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 in turn 依次、反过来
It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 12. used to do sth 过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 13. in the area of 在。。。领域
14. be proud of = take pride in 为。。。感到骄傲/自豪
15. be supposed to do sth 理应做某事 16. be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth 对某事感到惊讶 in astonishment 惊讶地 17. 1）the + 比较级+。。。， the+ 比较级+。。。
“。。。越。。。， 。。。就越。。。”
eg：the warmer the weather is, the better I feel. 2) 比较级+and+ 比较级。。。。 “越来越。。。”
eg: Computers are becoming more and more complicated.
3)the +比较级+of the two… “两者之中更。。。的一个” eg: the larger of the two islands
Module 6
1. access information获取信息
3.consist of =be made up of=be composed of 由……组成
4. consist in=lie in 在于、存在于 5. consist with =agree with
与……协调，与……一致 8.as well=too=also 也 （用于肯定句）
9.as well as 和……一样好，同 10.may/might as well 不妨、还不如
11.become/be known as =be famous as 作为……而出名
12. become/be known for =be famous for 因……而出名
13. become/be known to 为……所熟知 15.be accessible to 可接近、可使用、可进入的
16.have /gain/get access to 得以接近 18.hundreds/thousands/millions of +名词复数
19.dozens /scores of+名词复数 许多 20.数词+ hundred/thousand/million / dozen /score+名词复数
21.go down 下降/沉/跌/落 22.go up 上升/涨 爬
23.come up with 25. design sth for sb 为某人设计某物 26. be designed to do sth为做……而设计 27.from that moment on 从那时起 from then on / from now on /
from that time on / from that day on 28.with sb’s permission 经某人允许
29without sb’s permission 未经某人允许 33.concentrate on sth/doing sth 专注做某事 36.pass away 去世 37.pass by 经过
38.pass on 把……传下去 42.on an/the average 平均
43.log on/log off 登陆/下线，结束工作
48. It is +adj+for sb to do sth=for sb to do sth is+adj 某人做某事……是的
49.It is +adj of sb to do sth= sb is adj to do sth 某人是……做了某事
50..the number of +名词复数 …… 的数量 a number of+ 名词复数 许多，若干
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